The guidance provided in this publication is on enforcing compliance by on-site inspection of companies involved in pesticide production, import, distribution and retail sale. The publication is intended to be a practical, hands-on tool, with checklists that inspectors can use to prepare and conduct inspections at various sites and impose fines or penalties if deficiencies are found. It proposes a format for the report that inspectors submit to the responsible authorities after an inspection and that is filed for future reference. The guidance was prepared with the support of the FAO/WHO Joint Meeting on Pesticide Management, which advises FAO and WHO on producing guidance to promote compliance with the International Code of Conduct on Pesticide Management. The document was reviewed by experts of the Working Groups on Biocides and Pesticides of the Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development, and their contributions are gratefully acknowledged.