Globalization is regarded as one of the most major factors that led to rapid global economic growth. This has led to the emergence of new technologies and lowered the transferring costs have allowed corporations to expand their operations to nations that have led to world production chains which are known as the global value chains. However, some groups of individuals or firms, or countries have not been able to take the benefits of globalization and small and medium-sized enterprises are one such group. small and medium-sized enterprises have been identified as the backbone of an economy, but several constraints have blocked the global value chains participation by small and medium-sized enterprises especially in developing countries. Thus, this study attempted to investigate the impact of global value chains on the performances of small and medium-sized enterprises in the developing countries of the Asian Region. The study was conducted based on the qualitative research design with the support of secondary data. Five (5) research articles representing four different countries namely; Indonesia, Thailand, Vet Nam, and Sri Lanka have been selected based on the purposive sampling technique. The gathered data has been analyzed qualitatively by using descriptive analysis. Accordingly, the study concluded that there are several constraints with SMEs in global value chains participation, especially in developing countries. But if they can overcome those constraints and able to participate in global value chains, they can be able to increase the performances of the small and medium-sized enterprises and able to achieve economic development.