Immunomodulatory Biomaterials

Immunomodulatory Biomaterials
Author: Stephen F. Badylak
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Total Pages: 296
Release: 2021-07-30
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0128214562

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Biomaterials have existed for millennia as mechanical replacement structures following disease or injury. Biomaterial design has changed markedly from structural support with an “inert immune profile as the primary objective to designs that elicit an integrative local tissue response and a pro-repair immune cell phenotype. Immunomodulatory Biomaterials: Regulating the Immune Response with Biomaterials to Affect Clinical Outcome offers a single, comprehensive reference on biomaterials for modulation of the host response, for materials scientists, tissue engineers and those working in regenerative medicine. This book details methods, materials and strategies designed to regulate the host immune response following surgical implantation and thus facilitate specific local cell infiltration and tissue deposition. There has been a dramatic transformation in our understanding of the role of the immune system, both innate and adaptive; these changes include recognition of the plasticity of immune cells, especially macrophages, cross-talk between the immune system and stem cells, and the necessity for in situ transition between inflammatory and regulatory immune cell phenotypes. The exploitation of these findings and the design and manufacture of new biomaterials is occurring at an astounding pace. There is currently no book directed at the interdisciplinary principles guiding the design, manufacture, testing, and clinical translation of biomaterials that proactively regulate the host tissue immune response. The challenge for academia, industry, and regulatory agencies to encourage innovation while assuring safety and maximizing efficacy has never been greater. Given the highly interdisciplinary requirements for the design, manufacture and use of immunomodulatory biomaterials, this book will prove a useful single resource across disciplines. Holistically covers the design, manufacture, testing, and clinical translation of biomaterials that proactively regulate the host tissue immune response Provides a single reference for understanding and utilizing the host response in biomaterials design An international collaboration of leading researchers in the field offering a novel insight into this fast-growing area

Biomaterials and Immune Response

Biomaterials and Immune Response
Author: Nihal Engin Vrana
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 249
Release: 2018-07-20
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1351377566

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The interactions of the biomaterials with the host immune system is crucial for their functionality. This book aims to provide the reader with a better understanding of the role of the immune system in biomaterial applications. For this end, the book has dedicated chapters for i) explaining immune cells taking part in immune response to biomaterials/immune systems interface; ii) the effect of biomaterial shape, form and physicochemical properties on the response of immune system; iii) biofilm formation on implanted materials as a failure of immune system/biomaterial interactions; iv) tissue-specific effects of immune response and its consequences for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine; v) immune reaction in a clinical context (periodontology). In the field of biomaterials there are significant advances in using immunomodulation techniques to improve the success rates of implantable materials. For better understanding of such techniques it is required to have a full grasp of the biomaterial–immune system interactions. This would greatly enhance the understanding of why the human body reacts to implants in a certain way and how to improve the clinical outcomes by developing immune-instructive biomaterials. Provides keen insight into biomaterial–immune cell interactions Presents an explanation of state-of-the-art methodologies in immunomodulation Offers a concise and simple-to-understand treatment of biomaterial–immune cell interactions for materials scientists in a biology heavy topic Explores a comprehensive overview of biomaterial related complications Provides extensive references at the end of each chapter to enhance study for this very hot research area

Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine and the Immune System

Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine and the Immune System
Author: Laura Santambrogio
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 283
Release: 2015-09-04
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3319180452

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The generation of tridimensional tissues, assembled from scaffolding materials populated with biologically functional cells, is the great challenge and hope of tissue bioengineering and regenerative medicine. The generation of biomaterials capable of harnessing the immune system has been particularly successful. This book provides a comprehensive view of how immune cells can be manipulated to suppresses inflammation, deliver vaccines, fight cancer cells, promote tissue regeneration or inhibit blood clotting and bacterial infections by functionally engineered biomaterials. However, long-lived polymers, such as those employed in orthopedic surgery or vascular stents, can often induce an immune reaction to their basic components. As a result, this book is also an important step towards coming to understand how to manipulate biomaterials to optimize their beneficial effects and downplay detrimental immune responses.

Recent Advancements of Immunomodulatory Biomaterials in Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering

Recent Advancements of Immunomodulatory Biomaterials in Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering
Author: Sudip Mukherjee
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2024-02-08
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9783031508431

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This book presents the recent developments in immunomodulatory biomaterials for cell-based therapies in various diseases, including diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and bone regeneration. The authors first cover the fundamentals of conventional immunology and immunomodulation, before focusing on the history, advantages, and challenges of cell therapies. Biological cell therapy has gained immense attention for various diseases due to unique advantages it has over chemical drugs regarding cost, ease of production, toxicity, and therapeutic efficacy. However, these cell-based therapies need an inert delivery system that can locally deliver cells and minimally elicit foreign body response. The book discusses the foreign body response to the immunomodulatory biomaterials as well as the current and future strategies for potential mitigation of considerable immune responses toward immunomodulatory biomaterials and devices.

The Immune Response to Implanted Materials and Devices

The Immune Response to Implanted Materials and Devices
Author: Bruna Corradetti
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 254
Release: 2016-11-30
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3319454331

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This book provides a comprehensive overview of the cascade of events activated in the body following the implant of biomaterials and devices. It is one of the first books to shed light on the role of the host immune response on therapeutic efficacy, and reviews the state-of-the-art for both basic science and medical applications. The text examines advantages and disadvantages of the use of synthetic versus natural biomaterials. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of biomimicry in the development of smart strategies able to modulate infiltrating immune cells, thus reducing side effects (such as acute and chronic inflammation, fibrosis and/or implant rejection) and improving the therapeutic outcome (healing, tissue restoration). Current cutting-edge approaches in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and nanomedicine offer the latest insights into the role immunomodulation in improving tolerance during tissue transplant in the treatment of orthopaedic, pancreatic, and hepatic diseases. "Immune Response to Implanted Materials and Devices" is intended for an audience of graduate students and professional researchers in both academia and industry interested in the development of smart strategies, which are able to exploit the self-healing properties of the body and achieve functional tissue restoration.

Immunomodulatory Biomaterials to Mitigate Material-induced Host Responses

Immunomodulatory Biomaterials to Mitigate Material-induced Host Responses
Author: Yoon Kyung Kim
Publisher:
Total Pages: 111
Release: 2013
Genre:
ISBN: 9781303444975

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The foreign body response to biomaterial implants has been a major challenge in translating many medical devices into the clinic. The presence of inflammatory cells around the implanted device prevents its functional interaction with the surrounding tissue, and although some inflammation may be desirable to mediate the healing process, a persistent inflammatory response will eventually lead to device failure. Significant efforts to reduce foreign body response have been largely focused on developing hydrophilic and anti-fouling coating materials, however, simply preventing protein adsorption and immune cell adhesion has only had moderate success at reducing inflammation in vivo. In this thesis, we describe a novel approach to mitigate the foreign body response, whereby materials are designed to mimic host tissue by displaying endogenously expressed immunomodulatory molecules that interact with specific inhibitory receptors expressed on immune cells. More specifically, biomaterial surfaces are coated with the recombinantly produced immunomodulatory molecule, CD200, which interacts with the inhibitory receptor CD200R on myeloid cells, preventing material-induced host response by suppressing activation of infiltrated myeloid cells. In Chapter One, a brief introduction and background information is presented, followed by a description of the production and purification of recombinant CD200 protein from both mammalian cells and bacterial cells in Chapter Two. In Chapter Three, we examine whether immobilization of CD200 onto polystyrene surfaces influences on suppressing the activation of macrophages. We found that CD200 indeed suppresses the release of inflammatory mediators secreted by macrophage cells in vitro, and elicited less inflammation in vivo when compared to uncoated materials after subcutaneous implantation. In Chapter Four, we examine whether CD200 influences tissue regeneration after spinal cord injury. CD200-embedded fibrin gel was implanted to spinal cord injured mice, and the effect of CD200 on inflammation and regenerative process was examined. Lastly, Chapter Five concludes the work performed in this Ph.D. study and presents future directions. This work suggests that coating of endogenously expressed immunomodulatory proteins can be used as a strategy to reduce inflammatory response to biomaterials and may potentially be generalized to implants throughout the body.

Host Response to Biomaterials

Host Response to Biomaterials
Author: Stephen F. Badylak
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 470
Release: 2015-05-08
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0128005009

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Host Response to Biomaterials: The Impact of Host Response on Biomaterial Selection explains the various categories of biomaterials and their significance for clinical applications, focusing on the host response to each biomaterial. It is one of the first books to connect immunology and biomaterials with regard to host response. The text also explores the role of the immune system in host response, and covers the regulatory environment for biomaterials, along with the benefits of synthetic versus natural biomaterials, and the transition from simple to complex biomaterial solutions. Fields covered include, but are not limited to, orthopaedic surgery, dentistry, general surgery, neurosurgery, urology, and regenerative medicine. Explains the various categories of biomaterials and their significance for clinical applications Contains a range of extensive coverage, including, but not limited to, orthopedic, surgery, dental, general surgery, neurosurgery, lower urinary tract, and regenerative medicine Includes regulations regarding combination devices

Immunomodulatory Effects of Nanomaterials

Immunomodulatory Effects of Nanomaterials
Author: Mahmoud Elsabahy
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Total Pages: 195
Release: 2022-06-02
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0323908241

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Immunomodulatory Effects of Nanomaterials: Assessment and Analysis provides an overview of the modulatory impact of nanomaterials on the immune system, as well as evaluative and analytical methods for assessing effects. Sections cover a range of common nanomaterials for biomedical use and how different properties can elicit varied responses from the immune system. The immunomodulatory effects of these materials are then discussed, with coverage on adverse and/or toxic effects on the immune system, as well as desired modulatory effects to improve efficacy of applied therapeutics. Readers will also learn about the best evaluation methods for immunomodulatory effects of nanomaterials and associated risks. This book is a useful reference for academics and researchers with an interest in immunology, but it is also idea for those working in the fields of materials science, biomedical engineering, pharmaceutical science, immunology and toxicology. Details a range of common nanomaterials and how their specific properties and characteristics interact with the immune system Discusses the immunomodulatory effects of nanomaterials, from unintentional and potentially harmful, to intentional and desired effects on the immune system Explores methods for evaluation of immunomodulatory effects of nanomaterials, as well as precautions and risks for data analysis and interpretation

Immunomodulatory Biomaterials and Nano-immunotherapies

Immunomodulatory Biomaterials and Nano-immunotherapies
Author: Thomas J Webster
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2025-03-01
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9780443215216

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Immunomodulatory Biomaterials and Nano-immunotherapies reviews the general cellular and biochemical barriers of the tumor microenvironment and other immune diseases, the ways they are addressed by modern immunotherapies, and the specific barriers facing particular immunotherapeutic approaches. The latest research on immunomodulatory biomaterials is examined, providing a perspective on their future opportunities in modulating disease treatment strategies. Translational considerations and lessons learned from the various components of nanotechnology-enabled immunotherapies, including conventional immunotherapies, nucleic acids, nanotechnology, and biotechnology-based therapeutics are assessed. Finally, a framework for the development of the next generation of nanotechnology-enabled immunotherapies is detailed, providing guidance and suggestions for those interested in the development of novel immunomodulatory nanobiomaterials. Immunomodulatory Biomaterials and Nano-immunotherapies is a key reference for researchers and developers working in biomaterials, nanotechnology, immunology, biomedical engineering and pharmaceutical sciences.

Uncovering Biological Mechanisms of Immunomodulatory Biomaterials for Encapsulated Cell Therapies

Uncovering Biological Mechanisms of Immunomodulatory Biomaterials for Encapsulated Cell Therapies
Author: Amanda L. Facklam
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2022
Genre:
ISBN:

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Biomaterials are used in a variety of therapeutics including vaccines, engineered tissues, and cell therapies. Biomaterials enable a range of functionalities such as localized delivery, sustained release, and responsiveness. In the context of cell therapies, biomaterials can protect encapsulated cells from immune attack while allowing for nutrient and oxygen exchange. While this approach holds greats potential, the immune response to biomaterials remains a major challenge to the field. Upon implantation of a material, the immune system will initiate the foreign body response, a cascade of inflammatory activity resulting in material fibrosis. For encapsulated cell therapies, biomaterial fibrosis can result in diminished cell functionality or even cell death. To address this challenge, it is critical to design biomaterials which can modulate the host immune response to mitigate fibrosis. In this thesis, we characterize the effect of biomaterial properties on immune responses after implantation. First, we describe how physical properties of alginate capsules can affect the success of encapsulated cell therapy. We find that capsules with lower permeability to IgG and higher strength enable longer encapsulated islet cures in diabetic mice. Furthermore, we show that differences in islet cure lengths were largely dependent on differential capsule immune responses. Next, we describe the effects of E9, an anti-fibrotic biomaterial coating, on macrophage behavior. We find that E9 downregulates CD86 surface expression when immobilized on a biomaterial surface. In addition, E9 downregulates the secretion of several cytokines including MCP-1 and VEGF and upregulates the secretion of IL-1[beta] from macrophages. Next, we describe our work identifying the functional protein targets of E9 to gain further insight into its mechanism of action. We find that Macrophage migration inhibitory factor and Thioredoxin bind E9 and may have roles in its anti-fibrotic activity. Through this work, we identify macrophage proteins and signaling pathways involved in the mechanism of action of E9, leading to an improved understanding of the foreign body response. Overall, by characterizing the effect of material properties on immune responses, we enable rational design of next-generation immunomodulatory biomaterials.