"NCHRP Report 723: A Model for Identifying and Evaluating the Historic Significance of Post-World War II Housing provides state departments of transportation (DOTs) with a model for identifying and evaluating post-World War II (postwar) residences, a national historic context for this type of development, and guidance on developing project-specific historic contexts. This information will enable DOTs and the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) to effectively and efficiently comply with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and Section 4(f) of the Department of Transportation Act, setting out a consistent and predictable approach for identifying and evaluating postwar residential resources, thereby reducing costs and ensuring timely project delivery. This report should be of immediate use to DOT cultural preservation staff responsible for identifying and evaluating postwar residential development as part of the DOT's project delivery process. The report, which contains numerous illustrations and photographic examples of postwar housing, will also serve as an important reference document for cultural preservation professionals. Vast numbers of postwar houses--located in every American city, town, suburb, and rural area--are either currently more than 50 years old or will soon become 50 years old, and are thus potentially eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (National Register). Because of the passage of time, the number of potentially eligible houses will increase dramatically in the next decade, presenting a major challenge to DOT decision makers and preservation planners. The sheer number and ubiquitous nature of postwar houses, which number in the hundreds of thousands and are present in every state, presents an opportunity to develop a national framework for identifying and evaluating their eligibility for federal protection, thereby minimizing the potentially significant administrative burden for DOTs and State Historic Preservation Offices (SHPOs) that would be associated with conducting the National Register eligibility reviews of every transportation project with the potential to impact these houses. Under NCHRP Project 08-77, Mead & Hunt, Inc. of Madison, Wisconsin was asked to develop a methodology for identifying and evaluating the National Register eligibility and non-eligibility of postwar single-family housing built between 1946 and 1975 that is or is not part of a planned or unplanned subdivision or neighborhood. They were also asked to develop a historic context for postwar development at the national level, and to field test the model historic context and evaluation methodology in Arlington County, Virginia; Arlington, Texas; and Madison, Wisconsin. The research report also contains a substantial bibliography, a model outline for a regional or local historic context, and the historic context developed for the Arlington County, Virginia, primary test location. In addition to FHWA, state DOTs, and SHPOs, the results of this research should be of interest to the National Trust for Historic Preservation, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, and the National Conference of State Historic Preservation Offices"--Foreword.