Home after Fascism

Home after Fascism
Author: Anna Koch
Publisher: Indiana University Press
Total Pages: 352
Release: 2023-10-03
Genre: History
ISBN: 0253066980

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Home after Fascism draws on a rich array of memoirs, interviews, correspondence, and archival research to tell the stories of Italian and German Jews who returned to their home countries after the Holocaust. The book reveals Jews' complex and often changing feelings toward their former homes and highlights the ways in which three distinct national contexts—East German, West German, and Italian—shaped their answers to the question, is this home? Returning Italian and German Jews renegotiated their place in national communities that had targeted them for persecution and extermination. While most Italian Jews remained deeply attached to their home country, German Jews struggled to feel at home in the "country of murderers." Yet, some retained a sense of belonging through German culture and language or felt attached to a specific region or city. Still others looked to the future; socialist and communists of Jewish origin hoped to build a better Germany in the Soviet Occupied Zone. In all three postwar states, surviving Jews fought against persistent antisemitism, faced the challenge of recovering lost homes and possessions, struggled to make sense of their persecution, and tried to find ways to reclaim a sense of belonging. Wide ranging and moving, Home after Fascism enriches our understanding of Jews' homecoming experiences after 1945. It reveals the deep affection and persistent love people feel for their homes, the suffering that comes with losing them, and the challenges of a return.

A House in the Mountains

A House in the Mountains
Author: Caroline Moorehead
Publisher: HarperCollins
Total Pages: 485
Release: 2020-01-28
Genre: History
ISBN: 0062686380

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"Dramatic, heartbreaking and sweeping in scope." —Wall Street Journal The acclaimed author of A Train in Winter returns with the "moving finale" (The Economist) of her Resistance Quartet—the powerful and inspiring true story of the women of the partisan resistance who fought against Italy’s fascist regime during World War II. In the late summer of 1943, when Italy broke with the Germans and joined the Allies after suffering catastrophic military losses, an Italian Resistance was born. Four young Piedmontese women—Ada, Frida, Silvia and Bianca—living secretly in the mountains surrounding Turin, risked their lives to overthrow Italy’s authoritarian government. They were among the thousands of Italians who joined the Partisan effort to help the Allies liberate their country from the German invaders and their Fascist collaborators. What made this partisan war all the more extraordinary was the number of women—like this brave quartet—who swelled its ranks. The bloody civil war that ensued pitted neighbor against neighbor, and revealed the best and worst in Italian society. The courage shown by the partisans was exemplary, and eventually bound them together into a coherent fighting force. But the death rattle of Mussolini’s two decades of Fascist rule—with its corruption, greed, and anti-Semitism—was unrelentingly violent and brutal. Drawing on a rich cache of previously untranslated sources, prize-winning historian Caroline Moorehead illuminates the experiences of Ada, Frida, Silvia, and Bianca to tell the little-known story of the women of the Italian partisan movement fighting for freedom against fascism in all its forms, while Europe collapsed in smoldering ruins around them.

Growing in the Shadow of Antifascism

Growing in the Shadow of Antifascism
Author: Kata Bohus
Publisher: Central European University Press
Total Pages: 376
Release: 2022-07-26
Genre: History
ISBN: 9633866820

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Reined into the service of the Cold War confrontation, antifascist ideology overshadowed the narrative about the Holocaust in the communist states of Eastern Europe. This led to the Western notion that in the Soviet Bloc there was a systematic suppression of the memory of the mass murder of European Jews. Going beyond disputing the mistaken opposition between “communist falsification” of history and the “repressed authentic” interpretation of the Jewish catastrophe, this work presents and analyzes the ways as the Holocaust was conceptualized in the Soviet-ruled parts of Europe. The authors provide various interpretations of the relationship between antifascism and Holocaust memory in the communist countries, arguing that the predominance of an antifascist agenda and the acknowledgment of the Jewish catastrophe were far from mutually exclusive. The interactions included acts of negotiation, cross-referencing, and borrowing. Detailed case studies describe how both individuals and institutions were able to use anti-fascism as a framework to test and widen the boundaries for discussion of the Nazi genocide. The studies build on the new historiography of communism, focusing on everyday life and individual agency, revealing the formation of a great variety of concrete, local memory practices.

Italy's Jews from Emancipation to Fascism

Italy's Jews from Emancipation to Fascism
Author: Shira Klein
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 382
Release: 2018-01-18
Genre: History
ISBN: 1108337376

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How did Italy treat Jews during World War II? Historians have shown beyond doubt that many Italians were complicit in the Holocaust, yet Italy is still known as the Axis state that helped Jews. Shira Klein uncovers how Italian Jews, though victims of Italian persecution, promoted the view that Fascist Italy was categorically good to them. She shows how the Jews' experience in the decades before World War II - during which they became fervent Italian patriots while maintaining their distinctive Jewish culture - led them later to bolster the myth of Italy's wartime innocence in the Fascist racial campaign. Italy's Jews experienced a century of dramatic changes, from emancipation in 1848, to the 1938 Racial Laws, wartime refuge in America and Palestine, and the rehabilitation of Holocaust survivors. This cultural and social history draws on a wealth of unexplored sources, including original interviews and unpublished memoirs.

Benevolence and Betrayal

Benevolence and Betrayal
Author: Alexander Stille
Publisher: Macmillan
Total Pages: 370
Release: 2003-04
Genre: History
ISBN: 9780312421533

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This history of Italy's Jews under the shadow of the Holocaust examines the lives of five Jewish families: the Ovazzas, who propered under Mussolini and whose patriarch became a prominent fascist; the Foas, whose children included both an antifascist activist and a Fascist Party member, the DiVerolis who struggled for survival in the ghetto; the Teglios, one of whom worked with the Catholic Church to save hundreds of Jews; and the Schonheits, who were sent to Buchenwald and Ravensbruck.

From Milano to New York by Way of Hell

From Milano to New York by Way of Hell
Author: Giulio L. Cantoni
Publisher: iUniverse
Total Pages: 134
Release: 2000
Genre: Biography & Autobiography
ISBN: 059500475X

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This is the story of a young Italian Jew who in 1938 in response to the enactment by the Fascist government of antisemitic legislation decided that he should leave his comfortable home in Milano with his mother and sister and seek refuge first in England and later in the United States. However, as the result of Italy's entry in the war, he faced unexpected obstacles and real dangers. On June 11, 1940 when he was ready to board the Britannic and sail to New York from Liverpool, he was arrested as an enemy alien. A few days laer he was shipped behind barbed wire across the Atlantic, then infested with German U boats, interned in Canada for fourteen months as a prisoner of war. Eventually his status as a "refugee" was recognized by the British Government but legal technicalities prevented his immigration to the US from Canada and imposed a detour to Cuba. Finally after a long wait and with the sponsorship of Arturo Toscanini he was able to rejoin his mother and sister in New York just a few days before Pearl Harbor. Giulio L. Cantoni, an internationally known biochemist, has served for forty years as Laboratory Chief at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda. He has published more than 150 papers and is a co-author of several scientific books. He is a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the Italian Academy of Science. In 1968 he founded and now directs the FAES Chamber of Music Concert Series at NIH, generally regarded as the best in the Washington area. He lives in Bethesda with his wife of 35 years.

British Fascism After the Holocaust

British Fascism After the Holocaust
Author: Joe Mulhall
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 182
Release: 2020-10-21
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 042984025X

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This book explores the policies and ideologies of a number of individuals and groups who attempted to relaunch fascist, antisemitic and racist politics in the wake of World War II and the Holocaust. Despite the leading architects of fascism being dead and the newsreel footage of Jewish bodies being pushed into mass graves seared into societal consciousness, fascism survived World War II and, though changed, survives to this day. Britain was the country that ‘stood alone’ against fascism, but it was no exception. This book treads new historical ground and shines a light onto the most understudied period of British fascism, whilst simultaneously adding to our understanding of the evolving ideology of fascism, the persistent nature of antisemitism and the blossoming of Britain’s anti-immigration movement. This book will primarily appeal to scholars and students with an interest in the history of fascism, antisemitism and the Holocaust, racism, immigration and postwar Britain.

Jews in Italy Under Fascist and Nazi Rule, 1922-1945

Jews in Italy Under Fascist and Nazi Rule, 1922-1945
Author: Joshua D. Zimmerman
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 408
Release: 2005-06-27
Genre: History
ISBN: 9780521841016

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Publisher Description

They Thought They Were Free

They Thought They Were Free
Author: Milton Mayer
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Total Pages: 391
Release: 2017-11-28
Genre: History
ISBN: 022652597X

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National Book Award Finalist: Never before has the mentality of the average German under the Nazi regime been made as intelligible to the outsider.” —The New York TImes They Thought They Were Free is an eloquent and provocative examination of the development of fascism in Germany. Milton Mayer’s book is a study of ten Germans and their lives from 1933-45, based on interviews he conducted after the war when he lived in Germany. Mayer had a position as a research professor at the University of Frankfurt and lived in a nearby small Hessian town which he disguised with the name “Kronenberg.” These ten men were not men of distinction, according to Mayer, but they had been members of the Nazi Party; Mayer wanted to discover what had made them Nazis. His discussions with them of Nazism, the rise of the Reich, and mass complicity with evil became the backbone of this book, an indictment of the ordinary German that is all the more powerful for its refusal to let the rest of us pretend that our moment, our society, our country are fundamentally immune. A new foreword to this edition by eminent historian of the Reich Richard J. Evans puts the book in historical and contemporary context. We live in an age of fervid politics and hyperbolic rhetoric. They Thought They Were Free cuts through that, revealing instead the slow, quiet accretions of change, complicity, and abdication of moral authority that quietly mark the rise of evil.

Race in Post-Fascist Italy

Race in Post-Fascist Italy
Author: Silvana Patriarca
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 221
Release: 2022-02-03
Genre: History
ISBN: 1108845908

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Explores the untold stories of biracial children born to Italian women and Black Allied soldiers in the aftermath of World War Two.