This report presents decennial census data on the population by race and Hispanic origin for 306 large cities and other places in the United States, based on the 21 decennial censuses taken from 1790 to 1990. As of 1990, the vast majority of these places were incorporated (all as cities), but a few unincorporated places were included as well. The 306 places include all 224 places that ever had a census population of 100,000 or more in the period 1790 to1990 and, to provide some geographic balance, an additional 82 places that historically were among the largest places in their state. The categories used in this report to classify the population by race and Hispanic origin are the major categories used in 1990 census reports. The racial categories are White; Black; American Indian, Eskimo, and Aleut; Asian and Pacific Islander; and Other race. The Hispanic population may be of any race. In addition, data are shown for the White non-Hispanic (i.e., White, not of Hispanic origin) population.