Genomic Approaches for Cross-Species Extrapolation in Toxicology

Genomic Approaches for Cross-Species Extrapolation in Toxicology
Author: William H. Benson
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 218
Release: 2006-12-13
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 1420043641

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The latest tools for investigating stress response in organisms, genomic technologies provide great insight into how different organisms respond to environmental conditions. However, their usefulness needs to be tested, verified, and codified. Genomic Approaches for Cross-Species Extrapolation in Toxicology provides a balanced discussion drawn from

Application of Toxicogenomics to Cross-Species Extrapolation

Application of Toxicogenomics to Cross-Species Extrapolation
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 58
Release: 2006-05-24
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309100844

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Some of what we know about the health effects of exposure to chemicals from food, drugs, and the environment come from studies of occupational, inadvertent, or accident-related exposures. When there is not enough human data, scientists rely on animal data to assess risk from chemical exposure and make health and safety decisions. However, humans and animals can respond differently to chemicals, including the types of adverse effects experienced and the dosages at which they occur. Scientists in the field of toxicogenomics are using new technologies to study the effects of chemicals. For example, in response to a particular chemical exposure, they can study gene expression ("transcriptomics"), proteins ("proteomics") and metabolites ("metabolomics"), and they can also look at how individual and species differences in the underlying DNA sequence itself can result in different responses to the environment. Based on a workshop held in August 2004, this report explores how toxicogenomics could enhance scientists' ability to make connections between data from experimental animal studies and human health.

Genomics in Regulatory Ecotoxicology

Genomics in Regulatory Ecotoxicology
Author: Gerald Ankley
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 198
Release: 2007-11-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1420066838

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Fueled partially by large, well-publicized efforts such as the Human Genome Project, genomic research is a rapidly growing area in multiple biological disciplines, including toxicology. Much of this potential, however, has been discussed in the literature and at technical meetings only in relatively broad terms, making it difficult to assess exactl

Applications of Toxicogenomic Technologies to Predictive Toxicology and Risk Assessment

Applications of Toxicogenomic Technologies to Predictive Toxicology and Risk Assessment
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 300
Release: 2007-12-19
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309112982

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The new field of toxicogenomics presents a potentially powerful set of tools to better understand the health effects of exposures to toxicants in the environment. At the request of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the National Research Council assembled a committee to identify the benefits of toxicogenomics, the challenges to achieving them, and potential approaches to overcoming such challenges. The report concludes that realizing the potential of toxicogenomics to improve public health decisions will require a concerted effort to generate data, make use of existing data, and study data in new waysâ€"an effort requiring funding, interagency coordination, and data management strategies.

Application of Toxicogenomics to Cross-species Extrapolation

Application of Toxicogenomics to Cross-species Extrapolation
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2005
Genre: Genetic toxicology
ISBN: 9780309656160

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Considers strategies for communicating toxicogenomic information to the public and other non-expert audiences, specifically addressing the communication of some key social, ethical, and legal issues related to toxicogenomics and addressing how information related to the social implications of toxicogenomics might be perceived by nonexperts.

Computational Toxicology

Computational Toxicology
Author: Edward J. Perkins
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Total Pages: 39
Release: 2013-06-04
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0128060484

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New concepts in toxicology facilitate the use of nonmammalian vertebrate species (e.g., fish) and nonanimal models (nonvertebrates, early embryo vertebrates, or cell-based) as surrogates for mammals. We present a strategy to translate nonmammalian species data to estimate potential impact of chemicals on mammalian species based on highly conserved proteins and biological pathways linked to a defined adverse effect. Protein “targets” and pathway-level information can be mapped across species through identification of orthologs in mammals. Nonmammalian pathway data can be used to identify potential modes of action across species, establish toxicological dose-response relationships, and be used to estimate possible hazard levels of chemicals. Systems-level approaches are identified that offer unique opportunities to incorporate dynamic events such as homeostasis, effects over time, and species-specific parameters relevant to mammals. Ultimately, a pathway-centric focus enables use of alternative models to support protection of mammalian species.

Chemometrics and Cheminformatics in Aquatic Toxicology

Chemometrics and Cheminformatics in Aquatic Toxicology
Author: Kunal Roy
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 596
Release: 2022-01-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1119681596

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CHEMOMETRICS AND CHEMINFORMATICS IN AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY Explore chemometric and cheminformatic techniques and tools in aquatic toxicology Chemometrics and Cheminformatics in Aquatic Toxicology delivers an exploration of the existing and emerging problems of contamination of the aquatic environment through various metal and organic pollutants, including industrial chemicals, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, biocides, nanomaterials, pesticides, surfactants, dyes, and more. The book discusses different chemometric and cheminformatic tools for non-experts and their application to the analysis and modeling of toxicity data of chemicals to various aquatic organisms. You’ll learn about a variety of aquatic toxicity databases and chemometric software tools and webservers as well as practical examples of model development, including illustrations. You’ll also find case studies and literature reports to round out your understanding of the subject. Finally, you’ll learn about tools and protocols including machine learning, data mining, and QSAR and ligand-based chemical design methods. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to chemometric and cheminformatic tools and techniques, including machine learning and data mining An exploration of aquatic toxicity databases, chemometric software tools, and webservers Practical examples and case studies to highlight and illustrate the concepts contained within the book A concise treatment of chemometric and cheminformatic tools and their application to the analysis and modeling of toxicity data Perfect for researchers and students in chemistry and the environmental and pharmaceutical sciences, Chemometrics and Cheminformatics in Aquatic Toxicology will also earn a place in the libraries of professionals in the chemical industry and regulators whose work involves chemometrics.

Data Analysis for Omic Sciences: Methods and Applications

Data Analysis for Omic Sciences: Methods and Applications
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 732
Release: 2018-09-22
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0444640452

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Data Analysis for Omic Sciences: Methods and Applications, Volume 82, shows how these types of challenging datasets can be analyzed. Examples of applications in real environmental, clinical and food analysis cases help readers disseminate these approaches. Chapters of note include an Introduction to Data Analysis Relevance in the Omics Era, Omics Experimental Design and Data Acquisition, Microarrays Data, Analysis of High-Throughput RNA Sequencing Data, Analysis of High-Throughput DNA Bisulfite Sequencing Data, Data Quality Assessment in Untargeted LC-MS Metabolomic, Data Normalization and Scaling, Metabolomics Data Preprocessing, and more. Presents the best reference book for omics data analysis Provides a review of the latest trends in transcriptomics and metabolomics data analysis tools Includes examples of applications in research fields, such as environmental, biomedical and food analysis

Applications of Toxicogenomic Technologies to Predictive Toxicology and Risk Assessment

Applications of Toxicogenomic Technologies to Predictive Toxicology and Risk Assessment
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 300
Release: 2007-11-19
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309178894

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The new field of toxicogenomics presents a potentially powerful set of tools to better understand the health effects of exposures to toxicants in the environment. At the request of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the National Research Council assembled a committee to identify the benefits of toxicogenomics, the challenges to achieving them, and potential approaches to overcoming such challenges. The report concludes that realizing the potential of toxicogenomics to improve public health decisions will require a concerted effort to generate data, make use of existing data, and study data in new waysâ€"an effort requiring funding, interagency coordination, and data management strategies.