The Kemp0́9s ridley sea turtle, Lepidochelys kempii, is recovering from devastating declines that reduced nesting activity from a single-day estimate of 10,000- 40,000 females in 1947 to fewer than 300 during all of 1985. Nesting beach monitoring is crucial to estimating population size and reproductive activity, but in-water data are essential for understanding population dynamics and evaluating management strategies. Hook-and-line, stranding, and nesting records, satellite telemetry, and diet analyses were used to characterize ridley population dynamics and movements in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico during 2003-2007. Recreational hook-and-line captures comprised approximately one third of non-nesting encounters along Galveston and Jefferson Counties, Texas. The hook-and-line dataset displayed similar geographical and monthly trends to that of strandings, but was devoid of pelagic-stage, subadult, and adult ridleys. Coastal and bay waters along the upper Texas and western Louisiana coasts were utilized by immature ridleys during warmer months. Nesting occurred along Galveston Island on both armored and unarmored beaches. Inter-nesting females exhibited fidelity to Galveston during nesting season and subsequently migrated to federal waters offshore Louisiana. Crabs were important components of benthic-stage (>25 cm SCL) ridley diet, while worm tubes were targeted by some individuals. Short satellite track durations for immature ridleys precipitated examinations of biofouling, attachment protocols, and turtle excluder device (TED) interactions. Antifouling paints drastically reduced fouling of transmitters. A less-rigid neoprene attachment method was developed to increase transmitter retention on fast-growing juveniles, but further trials are necessary. Transmitters were not damaged or lost during TED trials, but turtle escape times increased when transmitters wedged between TED bars. Projected population growth will increase numbers of Kemp0́9s ridleys utilizing the Gulf of Mexico and interacting with human activities. Future research should examine year-round distribution and abundance of all life history stages and further characterize recreational hook-and-line capture, nesting activity, movements, and diet. Education efforts targeting the beach-going public, beach residents and workers, and the recreational fishing sector should be employed to promote sea turtle reporting and minimize negative interactions. State and federal managers should examine anthropogenic impacts within the region and determine the need for mitigation and/or regulations to promote continued species recovery.