Free Trade And The Mediterranean
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Author | : Giulia Delogu |
Publisher | : Taylor & Francis |
Total Pages | : 291 |
Release | : 2024-07-12 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1040093493 |
Download Free Trade and Free Ports in the Mediterranean Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
How did free trade emerge in early-modern times? How did the Mediterranean as a specific region – with its own historical characteristics – produce a culture in which the free port appeared? What was the relation between the type of free trade created in early-modern Italy and the development of global trade and commercial competition between states for hegemony in the eighteenth century? And how did the position of the free port, originally a Mediterranean ‘invention’, develop over the course of time? The contributions to this volume address these questions and explain the institutional genealogy of the free port. Free Trade and Free Ports in the Mediterranean analyses the atypical history and conditions of the Mediterranean region in contradistinction with other regions as an explanation for how and why free ports arose there. This volume engages with the diffusion of free ports from a Mediterranean to a global phenomenon, whilst staying focused on how this diffusion was experienced in the Mediterranean itself. The contributions to this volume bring together the traditional issues of religious openness and tolerance in physically separated areas and the role of consuls and governors, via fiscal techniques, architectural and administrative aspects, with questions about geopolitical balance and primacy. The book will be of interest to scholars in a wide range of historical sub-disciplines (early modern, Mediterranean, global economic, political, and institutional, just to mention a few) and to students wishing to perfect their knowledge of the Mediterranean and its global interconnections, and of the origins of free trade.
Author | : Corey Tazzara |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 362 |
Release | : 2017-10-20 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 0192509241 |
Download The Free Port of Livorno and the Transformation of the Mediterranean World Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
In the twilight of the Renaissance, the grand duke of Tuscany-a scion of the fabled Medici family of bankers-invited foreign merchants, artisans, and ship captains to settle in his port city of Livorno. The town quickly became one of the most bustling port cities in the Mediterranean, presenting a rich tableau of officials, merchants, mariners, and slaves. Nobody could have predicted in 1600 that their activities would contribute a chapter in the history of free trade. Yet by the late seventeenth century, the grand duke's invitation had evolved into a general program of hospitality towards foreign visitors, the liberal treatment of goods, and a model for the elimination of customs duties. Livorno was the earliest and most successful example of a free port in Europe. The story of Livorno shows the seeds of liberalism emerging, not from the studies of philosophers such as Adam Smith, but out of the nexus between commerce, politics, and identity in the early modern Mediterranean.
Author | : E. George H. Joffé |
Publisher | : Taylor & Francis |
Total Pages | : 292 |
Release | : 1999 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9780714644998 |
Download Perspectives on Development Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Looks at the provisions and potential for the Partnership, which formally established in November 1995 as a series of bilateral free trade agreements between the European Union and individual countries of on the southern shore of the Mediterranean. Among the perspectives are who will benefit, the global Euro-Mediterranean partnership, regionalism and the Mediterranean, social feasibility and the costs of the free trade zone, lessons from southeast Asia, and security implications. The 17 articles first appeared in the Journal of North African Studies 3/2 (summer 1998). Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author | : Bernard M. Hoekman |
Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
Total Pages | : 44 |
Release | : 1996 |
Genre | : Acuerdos internacionales - Europa oriental |
ISBN | : |
Download Catching Up with Eastern Europe? Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Author | : Bernard M. Hoekman |
Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
Total Pages | : 44 |
Release | : 1999 |
Genre | : Bilateral Free Trade Agreement |
ISBN | : |
Download Deep Integration, Nondiscrimination, and Euro-Mediterranean Free Trade Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Abstract: May 1999 - Preferential trade agreements that are limited to the elimination of tariffs for merchandise trade flows are of limited value at best and may be as easily welfare-reducing as welfare-enhancing. It is important that preferential trade agreements go beyond eliminating tariffs and quotas to eliminating regulatory and red tape costs and opening up service markets to foreign competition. Deep integration-explicit government actions to reduce the market-segmenting effect of domestic regulatory policies through coordination and cooperation-is becoming a major dimension of some regional integration agreements, led by the European Union. Health and safety regulations, competition laws, licensing and certification regimes, and administrative procedures such as customs clearance can affect trade (in ways analogous to nontariff barriers) even though their underlying intent may not be to discriminate against foreign suppliers of goods and services. Whether preferential trade agreements (PTAs) can be justified in a multilateral trading system depends on the extent to which formal intergovernmental agreements are technically necessary to achieve the deep integration needed to make markets more contestable. The more need for formal cooperation, the stronger the case for regional integration. Whether PTAs are justified regionally also depends on whether efforts to reduce market segmentation are applied on a nondiscriminatory basis. If innovations to reduce transaction or market access costs extend to both members and nonmembers of a PTA, regionalism as an instrument of trade and investment becomes more attractive. Using a standard competitive general equilibrium model of the Egyptian economy, Hoekman and Konan find that the static welfare impact of a deep free trade agreement is far greater than the impact that can be expected from a classic shallow agreement. Under some scenarios, welfare may increase by more than 10 percent of GDP, compared with close to zero under a shallow agreement. Given Egypt's highly diversified trading patterns, a shallow PTA with the European Union could be merely diversionary, leading to a small decline in welfare. Egypt already has duty-free access to the European Union for manufactures, so the loss in tariff revenues incurred would outweigh any new trade created. Large gains in welfare from the PTA are conditional on eliminating regulatory barriers and red tape-in which case welfare gains may be substantial: 4 to 20 percent growth in real GNP. This paper-a product of the Development Research Group-is part of a larger effort in the group to analyze regional integration agreements. The authors may be contacted at bhoekman@@worldbank.org or konan@@hawaii.edu.
Author | : Sevket Pamuk |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 592 |
Release | : 2000-03-23 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1134592094 |
Download The Mediterranean Response to Globalization before 1950 Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
The studies in this exceptional volume explore the challenges and opportunities presented by globalization events prior to 1950, and identify how countries around the Mediterranean responded to them. In addition to comparative assessments of regional performance, the volume offers detailed case studies of Spain, Italy, the Balkans, Turkey, Israel a
Author | : Mr.Henri C. Ghesquière |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 27 |
Release | : 1998-08-01 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1451942478 |
Download Impact of European Union Assocation Agreements on Mediterranean Countries Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
By establishing free trade for industrial products in 12 years, the European Union’s Association Agreements with countries in the Mediterranean region seek to promote accelerated economic growth. This paper reviews the literature and evaluates the economic benefits and costs for Tunisia, Morocco, Lebanon, Egypt, and Jordan. It concludes that the benefits could be substantial, but only if accompanied by deep supplementary reforms, including extending trade liberalization to services and agriculture and on a multilateral basis, improving the environment for foreign direct investment, ensuring an adequate fiscal and exchange rate policy response, and strengthening European Union assistance.
Author | : Joey Raymond Ghaleb |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 318 |
Release | : 1998 |
Genre | : European Union countries |
ISBN | : |
Download The European-Mediterranean Free Trade Agreement with Lebanon Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Author | : Angeliki E. Laiou |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 241 |
Release | : 2007-09-20 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1139465759 |
Download The Byzantine Economy Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
This is a concise survey of the economy of the Byzantine Empire from the fourth century AD to the fall of Constantinople in 1453. Organised chronologically, the book addresses key themes such as demography, agriculture, manufacturing and the urban economy, trade, monetary developments, and the role of the state and ideology. It provides a comprehensive overview of the economy with an emphasis on the economic actions of the state and the productive role of the city and non-economic actors, such as landlords, artisans and money-changers. The final chapter compares the Byzantine economy with the economies of western Europe and concludes that the Byzantine economy was one of the most successful examples of a mixed economy in the pre-industrial world. This is the only concise general history of the Byzantine economy and will be essential reading for students of economic history, Byzantine history and medieval history more generally.
Author | : Richard Pomfret |
Publisher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 141 |
Release | : 1986-04-14 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 1349079782 |
Download Mediterranean Policy of the European Community Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle