Free- Surface Turbulence and Air- Water Gas Exchange
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Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 312 |
Release | : 2000 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
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Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 312 |
Release | : 2000 |
Genre | : |
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Author | : Sean Patrick McKenna |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 616 |
Release | : 2000 |
Genre | : Gas dynamics |
ISBN | : |
This thesis investigates the physical mechanisms of air-water gas transfer through direct measurements of turbulence at the air-water interface. To enable this study, a new approach to the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique is developed in order to quantify free-surface flows. PIV measurements of free-surface turbulence are performed with concurrent measurements of gas transfer in a specially constructed oscillating grid-stirred tank for a range of turbulent mixing and surface conditions. Surface turbulence, vorticity, divergence, and gas transfer are all affected by the presence of a surface film, with significant effects realized for relatively small surface pressures. Results show that while a relationship between surface turbulence and the gas-transfer velocity is an obvious improvement over that found using an estimate of the bulk flow turbulence, this relationship is dependent on the flow regime. However, the data from the grid turbulence experiments, and additional data from experiments with waves, can be reconciled by a single relationship between the gas-transfer velocity and the 1/2-power of the surface divergence, which agrees with previous conceptual models. These results demonstrate the important role of surface divergence in air-water gas exchange, and relate, in a physically meaningful way, the interactions between surface renewal, surfactants, and gas transfer.
Author | : Steven C. Wilhelms |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 820 |
Release | : 1991 |
Genre | : Chemistry, Physical and theoretical |
ISBN | : |
Very Good,No Highlights or Markup,all pages are intact.
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 256 |
Release | : 1990 |
Genre | : Diffusion |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Enrico Zambianchi |
Publisher | : BoD – Books on Demand |
Total Pages | : 168 |
Release | : 2013-07-10 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9535111795 |
Oceanography is the par excellence interdisciplinary science thanks to its peculiar setting within a fluid environment that makes connections extremely efficient. The oceans connections are well mirrored in the chapters of this book that share a quite explicit multidisciplinary and multi-environmental character. The book provides chapters on very different topics under very different settings, some with a focused angle, others with a broader approach, yet all sharing the idea that we need to understand the small pieces in order to put together the big picture for a much larger mechanism, the functioning of the ocean as a whole.
Author | : W. Brutsaert |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 666 |
Release | : 1983-12-31 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9789027716972 |
The transfer across the surface of environmental waters is of interest as an important phase in the geophysical and natural biochemical cycles of numer ous substances; indeed it governs the transition, one way or the other, be tween the dissolved state in the water and the gaseous state in the atmo sphere. Especially with increasing population and industrialization, gas transfer at water surfaces has become a critical factor in the understanding of the various pathways of wastes in the environment and of their engineering management. This interfacial mass transfer is, by its very nature, highly complex. The air and the water are usually in turbulent motion, and the interface be tween them is irregular, and disturbed by waves, sometimes accompanied by breaking, spray and bubble formation. Thus the transfer involves a wide variety of physical phenomena occurring over a wide range of scales. As a consequence, scientists and engineers from diverse disciplines and problem areas, have approached the problem, often with greatly differing analytical and experimental techniques and methodologies.
Author | : M. A. Donelan |
Publisher | : American Geophysical Union |
Total Pages | : 410 |
Release | : 2002-01-21 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : |
The book discusses the complex phenomena of gas transfer processes within the sciences of fluid dynamics and biogeochemistry. It covers: 1.) Effects of surface waves and turbulence on gas transfer. 2.) Effects of buoyancy and surfactants on gas transfer. 3.) Gas gransfer in strong turbulent flows. 4.) Remote sensing for large-scale gas transfer. 5.) gas transfer by aeration.
Author | : M. Brocchini |
Publisher | : World Scientific |
Total Pages | : 160 |
Release | : 2002 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 9810249527 |
A useful source of ideas and information for scientists whose work involves understanding and modelling turbulent flows with free surfaces.
Author | : Peter S. Liss |
Publisher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 315 |
Release | : 2013-12-18 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3642256430 |
The oceans and atmosphere interact through various processes, including the transfer of momentum, heat, gases and particles. In this book leading international experts come together to provide a state-of-the-art account of these exchanges and their role in the Earth-system, with particular focus on gases and particles. Chapters in the book cover: i) the ocean-atmosphere exchange of short-lived trace gases; ii) mechanisms and models of interfacial exchange (including transfer velocity parameterisations); iii) ocean-atmosphere exchange of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide; iv) ocean atmosphere exchange of particles and v) current and future data collection and synthesis efforts. The scope of the book extends to the biogeochemical responses to emitted / deposited material and interactions and feedbacks in the wider Earth-system context. This work constitutes a highly detailed synthesis and reference; of interest to higher-level university students (Masters, PhD) and researchers in ocean-atmosphere interactions and related fields (Earth-system science, marine / atmospheric biogeochemistry / climate). Production of this book was supported and funded by the EU COST Action 735 and coordinated by the International SOLAS (Surface Ocean- Lower Atmosphere Study) project office.
Author | : James Robert Ledwell |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 246 |
Release | : 1989 |
Genre | : Gas dynamics |
ISBN | : |