Fracture Analysis of Cracks in Complete Cylindrical Shells

Fracture Analysis of Cracks in Complete Cylindrical Shells
Author: J. L Sanders (Jr)
Publisher:
Total Pages: 3
Release: 1984
Genre:
ISBN:

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This final tech report discusses fracture analysis contributions in the context of other activity on the problem of circumferential cracks in pipes or cylindrical shells. The circumferential through-crack problem in shallow cylindrical shells had been investigated by a succession of authors (Folias, Erdogan and Delale, Duncan and Sanders, and Simmonds). The solution, i.e. the determination of the stress intensity factors and/or the energy release rate had been established for the complete range of the parameters involved according to linear elastic fracture mechanics. However, it was not known how long the crack might be in relation to the circumference for the results to be valid, since the analyses were all based on shallow shell theory. In 1979 Barsoum et al. obtained results for long circumferential cracks in the complete cylinder by finite element methods. The calculations were necessarily for pipes of finite length and some unknown end effects were present. The present investigator published results (1982) obtained by a new analytical method for long circumferential through cracks in a pipe under axial tension. These results were in closed form and applied to pipes of infinite length. Research under the present contract began with similar calculations made for the pipe under combined bending and tension. Results obtained by this means agree quite well (in an overlap range) with previous results from shallow shell theory, and since the results were in closed form no 'parameter studies' were necessary.

Plates and shells with cracks

Plates and shells with cracks
Author: George C. Sih
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 344
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 940101292X

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This third volume of a series on Mechanies of Fraeture deals with eraeks in plates and shelIs. It was noted in Volume 2 on three-dimensional eraek problems that additional free surfaees can lead to substantial mathematical complexities, often making the analysis unmanageable. The theory of plates and shelIs forms a part of the theory of elasticity in which eertain physieal assumptions are made on the basis that the distanee between two bounded surfaees, either fiat or eurved, is small in eomparison with the overall dimen sions of the body. In modern times, the broad and frequent applieations of plate- and shell-like struetural members have aeted as a stimulus to whieh engineers and researchers in the field of fracture meehanies have responded with a wide variety of solutions of teehnieal importanee. These eontributions are covered in this book so that the reader may gain an understanding of how analytieal treat me nt s ofplates and shells containing initial imperfeetions in the form of eraeks are earried out. The development of plate and shell theories has involved long standing controversy on the eonsisteney of omitting eertain small terms and at the same time retaining others of the same order of magnitude. This defieieney depends on the ratio of the plate or shell thiekness, h, to other eharaeteristie dimensions and eannot be eompletely resolved in view of the approximations inherent in the transverse dependence of the extensional and bending stresses.

A Study of Failure in Small Pressurized Cylindrical Shells Containing a Crack

A Study of Failure in Small Pressurized Cylindrical Shells Containing a Crack
Author: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Total Pages: 34
Release: 2018-06-28
Genre:
ISBN: 9781722033187

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The deformation in the vicinity of axial cracks in thin pressurized cylinders is examined using small experimental The deformation in the vicinity of axial cracks in thin pressurized cylinders is examined using small experimental models. The loading applied was either symmetric or unsymmetric about the crack plane, the latter being caused by structural constraints such as stringers. The objective was two fold - one, to provide the experimental results which will allow computer modeling techniques to be evaluated for deformations that are significantly different from that experienced by flat plates, and the other to examine the deformations and conditions associated with the onset of crack kinking which often precedes crack curving. The stresses which control crack growth in a cylindrical geometry depend on conditions introduced by the axial bulging, which is an integral part of this type of failure. For the symmetric geometry, both the hoop and radial strain just ahead off the crack, r = a, were measured and these results compared with those obtained from a variety of structural analysis codes, in particular STAGS [1], ABAQUS and ANSYS. In addition to these measurements, the pressures at the onset of stable and unstable crack growth were obtained and the corresponding crack deformations measured as the pressures were increased to failure. For the unsymmetric cases, measurements were taken of the crack kinking angle, and the displacements in the vicinity of the crack. In general, the strains ahead of the crack showed good agreement between the three computer codes and between the codes and the experiments. In the case of crack behavior, it was determined that modeling stable tearing with a crack-tip opening displacement fracture criterion could be successfully combined with the finite-element analysis techniques as used in structural analysis codes. The analytic results obtained in this study were very compatible with the experimental observations of crack growth. Me...

The Stress Analysis of Cracks Handbook

The Stress Analysis of Cracks Handbook
Author: Hiroshi Tada
Publisher: Wiley
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2000-07-26
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9781860583049

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In a convenient hardcover format this extensive source of crack stress analysis has been brought up-to-date with the addition of 150 new pages of analysis and information. The book is an excellent reference, as well as a text for in-house training courses, in various industrial and academic settings. CONTENTS INCLUDE: Introductory Information: Crack-tip stress fields for linear-elastics bodies Alternate expressions for crack-tip elastic fields Energy rate analysis of crack extension Stress analysis results for common test specimen configurations: The center cracked test specimen The single edge notch test specimen Other common specimen configurations Two-dimensional stress solutions for various configurations with cracks: A finite crack in an infinite plane A periodic array of cracks in an infinite plane Opposing parallel semi-infinite cracks in an infinite plane A semi-infinite crack parallel to edges of an infinite strip Three-dimensional cracked configurations: An embedded circular crack in an infinite body A half-circular surface crack in a semi-infinite body Strip yield model solutions: Three-dimensional strip yielding solutions A circumferential crack in a cylindrical shell A crack in a spherical shell.