Foreign Hostages in Lebanon

Foreign Hostages in Lebanon
Author: Maskit Burgin
Publisher:
Total Pages: 110
Release: 1988
Genre: Hostages
ISBN:

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Hizb'Allah in Lebanon

Hizb'Allah in Lebanon
Author: M. Ranstorp
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 274
Release: 1996-11-27
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0230377505

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The abduction of Western citizens by Hizb'Allah was motivated either by internal organisational requirements or in alignment with Syrian and Iranian interests, and mechanisms for the resolution of the hostage-crisis were subject to continuous interaction between Hizb'Allah, Iran, and Syria influenced by internal Lebanese, regional, and international events. The Western responses to the hostage-crisis showed limited effectiveness as the crisis management techniques were poorly adjusted in timing and direction to the actual crisis environment. With the exception of the French response, the overall employment of Western crisis management techniques showed disregard for the opportunities and constraints in the fluctuating relationship between Syria and Iran as well as the political environment within Lebanon which the Hizb'allah operates and exists. This was clear by their failure to rely on either Iran or Syria as the only channel in negotiations over hostages without regard to their individual ability to exert its influence over the Lebanese movement in accordance with shifts in their ties to Hizb'allah's command leadership between 1987-1991 and to the status of the Iranian-Syrian relationship over time, as displayed by the friction between 1986-92. This study provides a new approach in the study of terrorism by merging a case-study of the dynamics of the Lebanese hostage-crisis with an evaluation of Western responses through crisis management techniques in order to more closely resolve the dilemma of the fulfilment of these states' duty to protect their citizens taken hostage abroad, without major sacrifices in the conduct of foreign policy.

American Hostages in Lebanon

American Hostages in Lebanon
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on International Operations
Publisher:
Total Pages: 30
Release: 1990
Genre: Hostages
ISBN:

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Hizb'Allah in Lebanon

Hizb'Allah in Lebanon
Author: M. Ranstorp
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan
Total Pages: 257
Release: 1997-02-11
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 9780312164911

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The abduction of Western citizens by Hizb'Allah was motivated either by internal organisational requirements or in alignment with Syrian and Iranian interests, and mechanisms for the resolution of the hostage-crisis were subject to continuous interaction between Hizb'Allah, Iran, and Syria influenced by internal Lebanese, regional, and international events. The Western responses to the hostage-crisis showed limited effectiveness as the crisis management techniques were poorly adjusted in timing and direction to the actual crisis environment. With the exception of the French response, the overall employment of Western crisis management techniques showed disregard for the opportunities and constraints in the fluctuating relationship between Syria and Iran as well as the political environment within Lebanon which the Hizb'allah operates and exists. This was clear by their failure to rely on either Iran or Syria as the only channel in negotiations over hostages without regard to their individual ability to exert its influence over the Lebanese movement in accordance with shifts in their ties to Hizb'allah's command leadership between 1987-1991 and to the status of the Iranian-Syrian relationship over time, as displayed by the friction between 1986-92. This study provides a new approach in the study of terrorism by merging a case-study of the dynamics of the Lebanese hostage-crisis with an evaluation of Western responses through crisis management techniques in order to more closely resolve the dilemma of the fulfilment of these states' duty to protect their citizens taken hostage abroad, without major sacrifices in the conduct of foreign policy.

U.S. Policy Options to the Hostage Crisis in Lebanon

U.S. Policy Options to the Hostage Crisis in Lebanon
Author: Bruce Hoffman
Publisher:
Total Pages: 12
Release: 1989
Genre: Hostages
ISBN:

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The execution of American hostage Lt. Col. William Higgins has again underscored the power that a handful of Middle Eastern terrorists holds over the United States. The legacy of one presidency destroyed by its inability to free American diplomats held hostage in Teheran and another tarnished by its futile attempt to trade arms for the hostages in Lebanon are reminders of the U.S. failure to solve the problems of terrorism. This paper reviews the problems that past presidents have faced in responding to terrorist acts and provocations, and offers some thoughts on what types of military responses might prove most effective. The author suggests that Israel should not be condemned, but be praised for its bold move in apprehending Sheikh Obeid, the commander of the pro-Iranian Hezbollah terrorist organization; we should accept that no progress will be made in the struggle against terrorism until the terrorists' state sponsors are held accountable for their aid and encouragement; and the United States must have a clear and consistent policy on terrorism.

American Hostages in Lebanon

American Hostages in Lebanon
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on International Operations
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 1990
Genre: Hostages
ISBN:

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American hostages in Lebanon

American hostages in Lebanon
Author: US House Foreign Affairs
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release:
Genre:
ISBN:

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The Hostage's Daughter

The Hostage's Daughter
Author: Sulome Anderson
Publisher: HarperCollins
Total Pages: 195
Release: 2016-10-04
Genre: Biography & Autobiography
ISBN: 0062385518

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In this gripping blend of reportage, memoir, and analysis, a journalist and daughter of one of the world’s most famous hostages, Terry Anderson, takes an intimate look at her father’s captivity during the Lebanese Hostage Crisis and the ensuing political firestorm on both her family and the United States—as well as the far-reaching implications of those events on Middle Eastern politics today. In 1991, seven-year-old Sulome Anderson met her father, Terry, for the first time. While working as the Middle East bureau chief for the Associated Press covering the long and bloody civil war in Lebanon, Terry had been kidnapped in Beirut and held for more than six years by a Shiite Muslim militia associated by most with the Hezbollah movement. As the nation celebrated, the media captured a smiling Anderson family joyously reunited. But the truth was far darker. Plagued by PTSD, Terry was a moody, aloof, and distant figure to the young daughter who had long dreamed of his return—and while she smiled for the cameras all the same, she absorbed his trauma as her own. Years later, after long battles with drug abuse and mental illness, Sulome would travel to the Middle East as a reporter, seeking to understand her father, the men who had kidnapped him, and ultimately, herself. What she discovered was shocking—not just about Terry, but about the international political machinations that occurred during the years of his captivity. The Hostage’s Daughter is an intimate look at the effect of the Lebanese Hostage Crisis on Anderson’s family, the United States, and the Middle East today. Sulome tells moving stories from her experiences as a reporter in the region and challenges our understanding of global politics, the forces that spawn terrorism and especially Lebanon, the beautiful, devastated, and vitally important country she came to love. Powerful and eye-opening The Hostage’s Daughter is essential reading for anyone interested in international relations, this violent, haunted region, and America's role in its fate.

Hostage

Hostage
Author: Con Coughlin
Publisher: Warner Futura
Total Pages: 506
Release: 1993-01-01
Genre: Beruit (Lebanon)
ISBN: 9780751502442

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This expose documents how a small group of Westerners came to be the victims of a form of diplomacy which was widely believed to have died out in the Middle Ages. The origins of the Lebanese hostage affair were as recent as February 1984, when the newly-enfranchized Shi'ite Muslims decided they had had enough political double-talk and seized control of West Beirut, by tradition the city's Muslim enclave.