SEAFDEC initiated the study with a view to introduce the structure and fishing techniques of main fishing gear commonly used in Myanmar since 2004 in collaboration with Department of Fisheries, Myanmar and with technical assistance from Department of Fisheries, Thailand. The study was a part of the ASEAN-SEAFDEC program on "Information Gathering for Capture Inland Fisheries in ASEAN Region," under the framework of the Special 5-year Program from 2001-2005. This first volume in the series of Inland Fishing Gear and Methods in Southeast Asia contains descriptions of 131 types of inland fishing gear presently employed in the inland fisheries of Myanmar. Fishing methods of eight important groups namely gill nets, hook and lines, traps, surrounding net, falling nets, lift nets, push nets and miscellaneous are also described.