Federalism and Ethnic Conflict in Ethiopia

Federalism and Ethnic Conflict in Ethiopia
Author: Asnake Kefale
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 230
Release: 2013-07-31
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1135017980
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This book examines the impact of the federal restructuring of Ethiopia on ethnic conflicts. The adoption of ethnic federalism in Ethiopia was closely related with the problem of creating a state structure that could be used as instrument of managing the complex ethno-linguistic diversity of the country. Ethiopia is a multinational country with about 85 ethno-linguistic groups and since the 1960s, it suffered from ethno-regional conflicts. The book considers multiple governance and state factors that could explain the difficulties Ethiopian federalism faces to realise its objectives. These include lack of political pluralism and the use of ethnicity as the sole instrument of state organisation. Federalism and Ethnic Conflict in Ethiopia will be of interest to students and scholars of federal studies, ethnic conflict and regionalism.

Federalism and Ethnic Conflict Management in Ethiopia

Federalism and Ethnic Conflict Management in Ethiopia
Author: Girum Kinfemichael
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Total Pages: 180
Release: 2012
Genre:
ISBN: 9783847337331
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Ethiopia witnessed a defining moment in the arena of national politics since the early 1990s. One of the most significant features of the political changes in the post-1991 period has been the recasting of the Ethiopian state structure into an ethnic federation. The government has constitutionally formalized ethnicity as the fundamental criterion of political organisation, inducing many changes in both ethnicity and governance. The political changes that are closely associated with the federalization of the country along ethnic lines pose sets of opportunities and challenges in managing inter-ethnic relations. This book aims at examining the shifting local inter-ethnic relations in Ethiopia, taking the conflicts between the Guji and Gedeo peoples of southern Ethiopia as a case study. It explores the root causes and the federal dispensation capacity in managing those conflicts, with the aim that settlement of the conflicts would contribute to the prevalence of peaceful relations in those contested areas. The author believes that the book would be useful for policy and decision makers', students of federalism and researchers who study in federalism and conflict management.

Unity in Diversity

Unity in Diversity
Author: Christophe van der Beken
Publisher: LIT Verlag Münster
Total Pages: 363
Release: 2012
Genre: Law
ISBN: 3643901720
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This book argues that the development of federalism in Ethiopia fits in with a global trend towards increased attention to ethnic minority rights and to federalism as a mechanism for ethnic conflict prevention and management. The Ethiopian federation is designed as a framework within which the Ethiopian ethnic groups can protect their rights and within which they are stimulated to develop a cooperative relationship. To put it differently, the constitutional objective of the federal structure is the creation of 'unity in diversity.' The book evaluates the capacity of Ethiopian federalism to achieve this objective by investigating the relevant historical, political, and legal aspects. (Series: Recht und Politik in Afrika/Law and Politics in Africa - Vol. 10)

Conflict Management and Resolution in the SNNPRS (Ethiopia). The Role of Council of Nationalities As Panacea?

Conflict Management and Resolution in the SNNPRS (Ethiopia). The Role of Council of Nationalities As Panacea?
Author: Yideg Munana
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Total Pages: 84
Release: 2021-01-04
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 3346321894
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Master's Thesis from the year 2012 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict Studies, Security, grade: 3.50, Addis Ababa University (INSTITUTE FOR PEACE AND SECURITY), course: conflict resolution, language: English, abstract: After the collapse of the Derg regime in 1991, Ethiopia adopted, its first Federal Democratic Constitution in 1995. Since then, Ethiopia is declared as a federal state encompassing various ethno-linguistic groups. Accordingly, the federation has comprised nine regional states and two city administrations. One of the members of the federation is the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Regional State. The Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region witnessed interethnic disputes such as identity, border and resource conflicts that caused unnecessary consequence. In the 2001constitution adopted by the Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples of the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region, the Council of Nationalities was institutionalized with a number of constitutional mandates of which dispute management and resolution is the prominent one. It is in light of this power that aims at examining how the Council fulfils this constitutional mandate. For the accomplishment of the objective of the study, largely secondary data and primary data obtained through unstructured interviews were used. In doing so, some cases entertained by the Council of Nationalities is analysed. The Council of Nationalities entertained a number of interethnic conflicts and resolved them accordingly. With regard to this, the Council of Nationalities engaged in numerous inter-ethnics conflict resolutions submitted to it by the respective contending ethnic groups. The conflicts have been managed and resolved mainly through deploying security force and round the table discussion in collaboration with indigenous conflict resolution institutions. But when we see its achievement in discharging its mandate properly, delays to make decision timely, late to intervene in conflicts, and absence of early warning system to provide information timely are some among the failures of CoN. Therefore, though there are some achievements in rendering peace education in some parts of the region, the Council of Nationalities has deficiencies in discharging its duties; conflict management and resolution aspects of its responsibilities in particular.

Ethnic Federalism

Ethnic Federalism
Author: David Turton
Publisher:
Total Pages: 264
Release: 2006
Genre: Literary Collections
ISBN:
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Since 1991, Ethiopia has gone further than any other country in using ethnicity as the fundamental organizing principle of a federal system of government. And yet this pioneering experiment in 'ethnic federalism' has been largely ignored in the growing literature on democratization and ethnicity in Africa and on the accommodation of ethnic diversity in democratic states. Apart from giving close examination to aspects of the Ethiopian case, the book asks why the use of territorial decentralization to accommodate ethnic differences has been generally unpopular in Africa, while it is growing in popularity in the West. The book includes case studies of Nigerian and Indian federalism and suggests how Ethiopia might learn from both the failures and successes of these older federations. In the light of these broader issues and cases, it identifies the main challenges facing Ethiopia over the next few years, as it struggles to bring political practice into line with constitutional theory, and thereby achieve a genuinely federal division of powers. North America: Ohio U Press; Ethiopia: Addis Ababa U Press

Conflict Management in the Ethiopian Multi-national Federation

Conflict Management in the Ethiopian Multi-national Federation
Author: Alemayehu F Weldemariam
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2009
Genre:
ISBN:
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Both policy-makers and scholars have turned their attention to federalism - or decentralized governance - as a means for managing conflict between central governments and sub-national groups as well as conflict among sub-national groups themselves. Both the theoretical literature and the empirical track record of federations point to federalism's ability to manage conflicts of diversity and preserve peace. More particularly, multi-national federalism has considerable, albeit critical support, among contemporary academics (Hechter 2000, Linz 1997, Keating 2001, Kymlicka, 1998, Kymlicka 2001, Moore 2001, Stepan 1999, Watts 1999, McGarry and O'Leary 1993, O'Leary 2001).This paper argues that multi-national federalism is the sure way to peace and development in Ethiopia, as it is the only way to manage the Ethiopian ethnic diversity peacefully, democratically and respectfully. The paper attempts to explore the evolution of Ethiopian multi-national federation against the back drop of its recent political and legal history. Given its history of gross and systematic group domination and discrimination (ethnic, religious, linguistic, etc.), the adoption of a multi-national federation is not a luxury that Ethiopia can afford but a necessity. The adoption of a multi-national federation was necessitated by the urgency and intensity of the need to address the claims of the country's ethnic groups of historic discrimination and inequality, and to build a multi-national democracy. The multi-national nature of the new Ethiopian federation can be gathered from the following three sites. First, the 1995 Federal constitution vests sovereign powers with the nations, nationalities, and peoples of the country (Article 8). Second, the Federal constitution entitles the nations, nationalities, and peoples the right to self-determination including and up to secession (Article 39). Third, all Ethiopia's nations, nationalities, and peoples have equal representation in the House of Federation (HoF), which is vested with the ultimate power to interpret the constitution (Article 39 cum 61-62). The paper aims to explore the institutions, policies, and practices of conflict management in the context of Ethiopian multi-national federation.

Inter-ethnic conflict in southern Ethiopia. The case of Guji-Oromo and Koore

Inter-ethnic conflict in southern Ethiopia. The case of Guji-Oromo and Koore
Author: Tilahun Wakgari
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Total Pages: 83
Release: 2023-11-07
Genre: History
ISBN: 3346964388
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Master's Thesis from the year 2023 in the subject African Studies - Culture and Applied Geography, Dilla University (College of social science and humanities), language: English, abstract: Inter-ethnic conflict is one of the serious challenges in any multi-ethnic federation like Ethiopia. This study deals with the inter-ethnic conflict between the Guji and Koore ethnic groups. The main aim of this thesis is to examine the underlying causes, contributing factors, actors, dynamics, and impacts of the inter-ethnic conflict in the study area. The findings of this study reveal that the Guji and Koore have had a long history of friendly coexistence and occasional conflict. In earlier times, the Guji-Koore conflict was caused by competition over land resources for farming and grazing. Nevertheless, after three decades, conflicts have intensified and changed due to a range of factors, including the formal creation of NNPs and changes in the federal structure of Ethiopia. The actors involved in the conflict were individual agriculturalists and agro-pastoralists, youth and adults, the OLF fighters, the political elites and women, who played a role by aggravating and encouraging the people. Indeed, the study revealed and analyzed the consequences and impacts of the Guji-Koore conflict: socially, the previous mutual relationship is being eroded; free movement of the people in the conflicted Kebeles is restricted; economically, individual houses of both Guji and Koore were burned and people were displaced from their residences; and politically, the accountability and responsibility of government officials in making decisions related to managing and resolving the inter-ethnic conflict are reduced. To manage the conflict and build peace in the study area, formal and indigenous mechanisms of conflict management and peacebuilding were undertaken. However, the attempts failed to address the root causes of the conflict and build lasting peace. In the study area, weak local government institutions, a lack of effective illegal arms control, a lack of trust and communication, a lack of involvement of all actors, and hybrid peace in conflict resolution are obstacles to sustainable peace between the Guji and Koore ethnic groups. The current study shows that the area needs immediate attention from all concerned bodies and should implement different mechanisms and strategies to bring peace to the study area.

The Politics of Ethnicity in Ethiopia

The Politics of Ethnicity in Ethiopia
Author: Lovise Aalen
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 231
Release: 2011-06-22
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 9004207295
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Ethiopia s unique system of ethnic-based federalism claims to minimise conflict by organising political power along ethnic lines. This empirical study shows that the system eases conflict at some levels but also sharpens inter-ethnic and intra-ethnic divides on the ground.

The Pitfall of Referendum in the Ethiopian Federal System

The Pitfall of Referendum in the Ethiopian Federal System
Author: Abeba Tadesse
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Total Pages: 148
Release: 2012-07
Genre:
ISBN: 9783659176517
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The post-1991 period in Ethiopia witnessed the major change in its political landscape by reconstituting the country into an ethnic federation. With the aim of reorganizing the state structure and state-society relations, ethnicity has been declared the ideological basis of political organization and administration of the 'new Ethiopia'. Following the formation of the federal structure, however, the most noticeable change regarding conflict in Ethiopia has been the emergence of localized violent conflicts involving several of the ethnically constituted regions. In this respect, Guji-Gedeo conflict, which did not have a history of protracted conflict, can be a case in point. Therefore, this book tries to examine the root causes of Guji-Gedeo ethnic conflict as a case study. It explores the device used in managing the conflict. It also looks at the post-conflict situation in those contested areas and reviews the effect of referendum in the future relations of the two ethnic communities. The author believes that the book would contribute for policy makers, students of federalism and researchers who work in or study in the area of federalism and ethnic conflict management.