Basic Physics Data

Basic Physics Data
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 32
Release: 2015
Genre:
ISBN:

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From October 1 to October 17 a team of researchers from UM visited the LANSCE facility for an experiment during beam-time allotted from October 4 to October 17. A total of 24 detectors were used at LANSCE including liquid organic scintillation detectors (EJ-309), NaI scintillation detectors, and Li-6 enriched glass detectors. It is a double time-offlight (TOF) measurement using spallation neutrons generated by a target bombarded with pulsed high-energy protons. The neutrons travel to an LLNL-manufactured parallel plate avalanche chamber (PPAC) loaded with thin U-235 foils in which fission events are induced. The generated fission neutrons and photons are then detected in a detector array designed and built at UM and shipped to LANSCE. Preparations were made at UM, where setup and proposed detectors were tested. The UM equipment was then shipped to LANSCE for use at the 15L beam of the weapons neutron research (WNR) facility.

Fission and Properties of Neutron-rich Nuclei

Fission and Properties of Neutron-rich Nuclei
Author: Joseph H. Hamilton
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 859
Release: 2003
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9812383867

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This book presents more than 100 papers devoted to the understanding of fission processes and neutron-rich nuclei. All forms of fission, from spontaneous fission of 252Cf to high-energy fragmentation, are included. Together with studies on properties of neutron-rich nuclei and astrophysics, the book also features new experimental techniques, directions and the emerging new radioactive beam facilities.

Fission And Properties Of Neutron-rich Nuclei - Proceedings Of The Sixth International Conference On Icfn6

Fission And Properties Of Neutron-rich Nuclei - Proceedings Of The Sixth International Conference On Icfn6
Author: Joseph H Hamilton
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 684
Release: 2017-09-28
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9813229438

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The aim and scope of the conference and book were to bring world leaders in the areas of fission, structure of neutron-rich nuclei, superheavy elements, astrophysics and new facilities for these research areas to present the latest developments in both theory and experiment to serve as benchmarks for future research.World leaders describe the latest research including development of new facilities under construction to point out the latest and future direction in research. These proceedings are published following the conferences every four to five years since 1997.

The Epithermal Neutron Multiplicity Counter at Hanford

The Epithermal Neutron Multiplicity Counter at Hanford
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 7
Release: 2002
Genre:
ISBN:

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The Epithermal Neutron Multiplicity Counter (ENMC) and the associated Advanced Multiplicity Shift register (AMSR) electronics package, developed at Los Alamos under the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Safeguards and Security Technology Development Program, was evaluated at the Hanford Plutonium Finishing Plant earlier this year. Initial demonstration measurements involved Hanford facility personnel and two International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) inspectors who measured selected IAEA standards and items the IAEA had experienced problems with previously. Items were measured in the ENMC and also in the Plutonium Scrap Multiplicity Counter (PSMC), which belongs to the IAEA but is also used by the facility. Each item was measured for 15 minutes. The Pu mass ranged from 250 to 1700 g. Alpha (the ratio of alpha, n to spontaneous fission neutrons) ranged from 0.5 to (almost equal to)15. In all cases, the precision of the ENMC measurements was far superior to that of the PSMC and provided 8.3 to 42.5 faster measurements, with the larger factors coming from the high-alpha items. The seven IAEA standards had alpha values ranging from 0.5 to 13, and the average bias was 0.75% with a standard deviation of 3.18% for the ENMC. The mean bias for the PSMC measurements is 4.02% with a standard deviation of 8.27%. In addition, the ENMC was used to assay 17 process residues with alpha values ranging from 2 to 20. The facility and the IAEA were impressed with the performance of the ENMC, and the facility is attempting to procure a unit for its use. The IAEA would also like to use the ENMC for its inspections once the facility has acquired the device.

Fission And Properties Of Neutron-rich Nuclei - Proceedings Of The Third International Conference

Fission And Properties Of Neutron-rich Nuclei - Proceedings Of The Third International Conference
Author: Joseph H Hamilton
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 859
Release: 2003-10-16
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9814485446

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This book presents more than 100 papers devoted to the understanding of fission processes and neutron-rich nuclei. All forms of fission, from spontaneous fission of 252Cf to high-energy fragmentation, are included. Together with studies on properties of neutron-rich nuclei and astrophysics, the book also features new experimental techniques, directions and the emerging new radioactive beam facilities.

Fluka

Fluka
Author: Alfredo Ferrari
Publisher:
Total Pages: 410
Release: 2005
Genre: Particles (Nuclear physics)
ISBN:

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Uncertainty Budget and Efficiency Analysis for the 239Pu (n,2ny) Partial Reaction Cross-Section Measurements

Uncertainty Budget and Efficiency Analysis for the 239Pu (n,2ny) Partial Reaction Cross-Section Measurements
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2002
Genre:
ISBN:

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The[sup 239]Pu(n,2n[gamma])[sup 238]Pu partial reaction cross-section, [sigma][sub (n,2n[gamma])], has been measured as a function of neutron energy for several transitions in[sup 238]Pu. Partial[gamma]-ray cross sections for yrast, ''collector'' transitions, can provide especially valuable constraints on the magnitude and shape of the total (n,2n) reaction cross-section. In essence, nuclear reaction models will be used to infer the shape and magnitude of the total (n,2n) reaction cross-section from the measured partial[gamma]-ray cross-sections. The reason for undertaking this somewhat indirect approach is that previous measurements of the[sup 239]Pu(n,2n[gamma]) have been hampered by a variety of constraints. Activation measurements have several hurdles: (1) intense flux and long counting times are required to overcome the relatively long half-life of[sup 238]Pu (87 years) and (2) isotopically pure samples of[sup 239]Pu in an environment free of[sup 238]Pu contamination are difficult to come by. Neutron counting experiments are subject to significant uncertainties because (1) large background statistics from fission neutrons and (2) the experimental fission neutron multiplicity spectrum is subject to systematic errors because the flux of low-energy neutrons which induce fissions in thermally-fissile[sup 239]Pu is very difficult to characterize. In this measurement, spallation neutrons are provided by the LANSCE/WNR facility, and reaction neutron energies are determined via time-of-flight. Neutron flux is monitored in-beam with one[sup 235]U fission chamber and one[sup 238]U fission chamber. The[sup 238]U is not sensitive to background from low-energy neutrons, whereas the[sup 235]U fission chamber has better statistics. Hence, in essence the partial[gamma]-ray cross sections are normalized to the evaluated fission cross sections of[sup 235]U and[sup 238]U. As a check of our normalization to provide additional constraints to the nuclear reaction modeling, benchmark measurements of[sup nat]Fe(n, n[prime][gamma]) and[sup 235]U(n,2n[gamma]) have also been undertaken. The secondary[gamma]-rays are measured with the GEANIE array. GEANIE consists of eleven Compton-suppressed planar detectors, nine suppressed and six unsuppressed co-axial detectors. Any absolute cross section measurement requires a complete understanding of array performance, flux normalization, and target effects. Important items to consider in this experiment include intrinsic detector efficiency, beam and detector geometry corrections, target attenuation, and deadtime. Radioactive targets give rise to significant counting rates in the GEANIE array resulting a large deadtime. The magnitude, energy dependence, and uncertainties of these effects and other corrections are the subject of this paper.

Nuclear Fission

Nuclear Fission
Author: Patrick Talou
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 487
Release: 2023-01-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3031145453

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This book provides advanced students and postdocs, as well as current practitioners of any field of nuclear physics involving fission an understanding of the nuclear fission process. Key topics covered are: fission cross sections, fission fragment yields, neutron and gamma emission from fission and key nuclear technologies and applications where fission plays an important role. It addresses both fundamental aspects of the fission process and fission-based technologies including combining quantitative and microscopic modeling.