Japan, South Korea, and the United States Nuclear Umbrella

Japan, South Korea, and the United States Nuclear Umbrella
Author: Terence Roehrig
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Total Pages: 368
Release: 2017-09-19
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0231527837

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For close to sixty years, the United States has maintained alliances with Japan and South Korea that have included a nuclear umbrella, guaranteeing their security as part of a strategy of extended deterrence. Yet questions about the credibility of deterrence commitments have always been an issue, especially when nuclear weapons are concerned. Would the United States truly be willing to use these weapons to defend an ally? In this book, Terence Roehrig provides a detailed and comprehensive look at the nuclear umbrella in northeast Asia in the broader context of deterrence theory and U.S. strategy. He examines the role of the nuclear umbrella in Japanese and South Korean defense planning and security calculations, including the likelihood that either will develop its own nuclear weapons. Roehrig argues that the nuclear umbrella is most important as a political signal demonstrating commitment to the defense of allies and as a tool to prevent further nuclear proliferation in the region. While the role of the nuclear umbrella is often discussed in military terms, this book provides an important glimpse into the political dimensions of the nuclear security guarantee. As the security environment in East Asia changes with the growth of North Korea's capabilities and China's military modernization, as well as Donald Trump's early pronouncements that cast doubt on traditional commitments to allies, the credibility and resolve of U.S. alliances will take on renewed importance for the region and the world.

Extended Deterrence in Korea

Extended Deterrence in Korea
Author: Terence Jerome Roehrig
Publisher:
Total Pages: 374
Release: 1995
Genre: Deterrence (Strategy)
ISBN:

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North Korea and Nuclear Weapons

North Korea and Nuclear Weapons
Author: Sung Chull Kim
Publisher: Georgetown University Press
Total Pages: 237
Release: 2017
Genre: Korea (North)
ISBN: 1626164533

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North Korea is perilously close to developing strategic nuclear weapons capable of hitting the United States and its East Asian allies. The volume contributors contend that the time to prevent North Korea from achieving this capability is virtually over; scholars and policymakers must turn their attention to how to deter a nuclear North Korea.

A Tattered Nuclear Umbrella?

A Tattered Nuclear Umbrella?
Author: Christopher Willey
Publisher:
Total Pages: 36
Release: 2020
Genre: Deterrence (Strategy)
ISBN:

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"This paper seeks to answer several critical questions regarding South Korean extended deterrence. How credible is the United States’ extended deterrence umbrella with South Korea? If the credibility of the extended deterrent umbrella is faltering, why is faltering? And finally, how can the United States bolster the strength of its extended deterrence guarantees to South Korea? With all that said, in spite of a dynamic environment and wavering perceptions, the effectiveness and credibility of the United States extended deterrence relationship with South Korea remains strong. Even so, there are several ways in which the United States may be able to bolster its extended deterrent credibility going forward. The analysis in this paper utilizes an assurance assessment model and criteria proposed by Brad Roberts in his book The Case for U.S. Nuclear Weapons in the 21st Century in order to conduct a case study on the recent perceptions and credibility of the United States extended deterrence promises with respect to South Korea. This paper begins with a brief background that lays the foundation of the geopolitical situation in the Indo-Pacific. This section highlights the strategic importance of the region and the importance of the United States-Republic of Korea alliance. The second section will provide an overview of the literature utilized to inform the analysis contained in this paper. The third section covers the theory behind the paper and deterrence. The fourth section will cover the methodology and data utilized to assess the status of the United States-South Korea nuclear umbrella. The fifth section will describe the analysis of the data and the results of that analysis. The final section of the paper will present conclusions and recommendations for the United States to bolster its extended nuclear deterrence and assurance with South Korea."--Page 2.

From Deterrence to Engagement

From Deterrence to Engagement
Author: Terence Roehrig
Publisher: Lexington Books
Total Pages: 302
Release: 2006
Genre: History
ISBN: 9780739121566

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From Deterrence to Engagement provides a comprehensive examination of the U.S.-South Korea defense relationship from 1945 to the present. Using deterrence theory as its framework, this work explores the evolving nature of U.S. interests in a region that became a focal point only after the North Korean invasion in 1950. Author Terence Roehrig addresses the changing nature of the threats to U.S. interests in Korea, especially North Korea's buildup and its efforts to acquire nuclear weapons, and examines specific measures utilized by the United States to implement its deterrence policy. While U.S. policy regarding Korea has changed over the years, this timely and important work argues that although the U.S. commitment to protect its ally has been credible and effective the same cannot be said for its attempts to prevent North Korean nuclear proliferation. From Deterrence to Engagement is certain to find an audience amongst scholars of defense policy, national security, and Korean security relations.

Recommendations on North Korea Policy and Extended Deterrence

Recommendations on North Korea Policy and Extended Deterrence
Author: Center for Strategic and International Studies (Washington, D.C.). Commission on the Korean Peninsula
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2023
Genre: Deterrence (Strategy)
ISBN:

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North Korea policy is famously known as the "land of lousy options." Currently, North Korea's nuclear weapons and ballistic missile programs look unstoppable. Decades of failed denuclearization diplomacy, however, cannot deter the allies from seeking new avenues of engagement with the modest goal of slowing down the program's growth. Failing that objective, the United States must be cognizant that contingency planning, enhanced military readiness, and strengthened extended deterrence measures with South Korea and Japan serve to make U.S. alliances in Asia stronger, which in turn impose costs on North Korea for its proliferation behavior.

The Future of Extended Deterrence

The Future of Extended Deterrence
Author: Stéfanie von Hlatky
Publisher: Georgetown University Press
Total Pages: 276
Release: 2015-08-04
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1626162654

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Are NATO’s mutual security commitments strong enough today to deter all adversaries? Is the nuclear umbrella as credible as it was during the Cold War? Backed by the full range of US and allied military capabilities, NATO’s mutual defense treaty has been enormously successful, but today’s commitments are strained by military budget cuts and antinuclear sentiment. The United States has also shifted its focus away from European security during the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq and more recently with the Asia rebalance. Will a resurgent Russia change this? The Future of Extended Deterrence brings together experts and scholars from the policy and academic worlds to provide a theoretically rich and detailed analysis of post–Cold War nuclear weapons policy, nuclear deterrence, alliance commitments, nonproliferation, and missile defense in NATO but with implications far beyond. The contributors analyze not only American policy and ideas but also the ways NATO members interpret their own continued political and strategic role in the alliance. In-depth and multifaceted, The Future of Extended Deterrence is an essential resource for policy practitioners and scholars of nuclear deterrence, arms control, missile defense, and the NATO alliance.

Non-Nuclear Threats to Nuclear Deterrence and Stability: The Case of South Korea

Non-Nuclear Threats to Nuclear Deterrence and Stability: The Case of South Korea
Author: Seiyeon Ji
Publisher:
Total Pages: 64
Release: 2020
Genre: Asia
ISBN:

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The United States’ most vulnerable allies in East Asia are beginning to rethink their security strategies. Historically, “nuclear umbrella” states in East Asia, or major non-nuclear U.S. allies who are threatened by the nuclear forces of regional adversaries, have relied primarily on U.S. extended deterrence to counter security threats. More recently, however, South Korea, Taiwan and Japan have begun to take advantage of new advances in manufacturing and satellite-based modeling technologies in order to independently develop, or consider developing, advanced military capabilities, which were previously only available to nuclear-armed states. In light of these developments, this research explores the implications of new and emerging technologies on nuclear deterrence and stability. It does so by examining why non-nuclear allies, who are guaranteed protection by the nuclear forces of a major-power ally, are seeking enhanced conventional capabilities. Using the Republic of Korea (ROK) as a case study, this project explores the question: why is South Korea, despite being protected by the U.S. nuclear umbrella, acquiring independent strategic military capabilities? I argue that South Korea’s decision to acquire independent strategic weapons is driven by its perception of the inadequacy of current forms of extended deterrence to ensure its security and that it allows South Korea to affect outcomes regarding strategic stability in the Korean peninsula. By extension, this research also argues that new and emerging technologies are offering non-nuclear allies like South Korea the means through which to reshape the asymmetrical relationship between the patron state providing extended deterrence and the client state, with implications for regional and international security dynamics.

Arms and Influence

Arms and Influence
Author: Thomas C. Schelling
Publisher: Yale University Press
Total Pages: 337
Release: 2020-03-17
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0300253486

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“This is a brilliant and hardheaded book. It will frighten those who prefer not to dwell on the unthinkable and infuriate those who have taken refuge in stereotypes and moral attitudinizing.”—Gordon A. Craig, New York Times Book Review Originally published more than fifty years ago, this landmark book explores the ways in which military capabilities—real or imagined—are used, skillfully or clumsily, as bargaining power. Anne-Marie Slaughter’s new introduction to the work shows how Schelling’s framework—conceived of in a time of superpowers and mutually assured destruction—still applies to our multipolar world, where wars are fought as much online as on the ground.