Explorations into Urban Structure

Explorations into Urban Structure
Author: Melvin M. Webber
Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press
Total Pages: 248
Release: 2016-11-11
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1512808067

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The remarkable expansion in metropolitan growth rates has been nearly matched by the phenomenal expansion in the literature commenting upon it. Social scientists of every discipline and politicians of every persuasion have been straining to understand the changing urban scene and searching for effective ways of planning for change. However, these efforts have been typically handicapped by simplistic and unitary conceptions of the metropolis. Most of the commentaries have conceived the metropolis as mappable and discrete settlement, and metropolitan planning has been conceived as willful redesigning of spatial forms. In this volume, six students of metropolitan development present a challenging reappraisal and fresh conceptual approaches to the analysis of urban systems. Drawing upon the accumulating theory in economics, sociology, political science, geography, and city planning, they reconceptualize urban structure and function, refocusing attention from the forms of population density to the processes of human interaction. They see the urban system as a complex network of functional interdependencies that are reflected in the intricate processes of communication, intergovernmental competition, and market decision. The authors are concerned primarily with increasing the effectiveness of public policy in this field. The conceptual clarity they bring to that task leads them to approach metropolitan planning with a new respect for the pluralism and diversity that are the distinguishing marks of complex urban processes. It is only through the recognition of these processes that we can hope to overcome the seemingly insurmountable problems of urban planning and renewal. In an increasingly urban society these problems take on pressing urgency. Explorations into Urban Structure is a timely, thought-provoking, and direction­-setting book about some of the key conceptual and policy issues of our time. Contributors to this landmark volume include John W. Dyckman, Donald L. Foley, Albert Z. Guttenberg, William L. C. Wheaton, and Catherine Bauer Wurster.

Explorations Into Urban Structure

Explorations Into Urban Structure
Author: Melvin M. Webber
Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press Anniversary Collection
Total Pages: 246
Release: 1971
Genre: Cities and towns
ISBN: 9780812210156

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Six students of metropolitan development present a reappraisal and fresh approaches to the analysis of urban systems. Drawing on economics, sociology, political science, geography, and city planning, they reconceptualize urban structure and function, refocusing attention from the forms of population density to the processes of human interaction.

Explorations Into Urban Structure

Explorations Into Urban Structure
Author: Melvin M. Webber, John W. Dyckman, Donald L. Fole y, Albert Z. Guttenbertg, William L. C. Wheaton, Catherine Bauer Wurster
Publisher:
Total Pages: 250
Release: 1964
Genre:
ISBN:

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Visions of Community in the Post-Roman World

Visions of Community in the Post-Roman World
Author: Walter Pohl
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 639
Release: 2016-03-03
Genre: History
ISBN: 1317001354

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This volume looks at 'visions of community' in a comparative perspective, from Late Antiquity to the dawning of the age of crusades. It addresses the question of why and how distinctive new political cultures developed after the disintegration of the Roman World, and to what degree their differences had already emerged in the first post-Roman centuries. The Latin West, Orthodox Byzantium and its Slavic periphery, and the Islamic world each retained different parts of the Graeco-Roman heritage, while introducing new elements. For instance, ethnicity became a legitimizing element of rulership in the West, remained a structural element of the imperial periphery in Byzantium, and contributed to the inner dynamic of Islamic states without becoming a resource of political integration. Similarly, the political role of religion also differed between the emerging post-Roman worlds. It is surprising that little systematic research has been done in these fields so far. The 32 contributions to the volume explore this new line of research and look at different aspects of the process, with leading western Medievalists, Byzantinists and Islamicists covering a wide range of pertinent topics. At a closer look, some of the apparent differences between the West and the Islamic world seem less distinctive, and the inner variety of all post-Roman societies becomes more marked. At the same time, new variations in the discourse of community and the practice of power emerge. Anybody interested in the development of the post-Roman Mediterranean, but also in the relationship between the Islamic World and the West, will gain new insights from these studies on the political role of ethnicity and religion in the post-Roman Mediterranean.

Tokyoids

Tokyoids
Author: Francois Blanciak
Publisher: MIT Press
Total Pages: 217
Release: 2022-09-13
Genre: Architecture
ISBN: 0262370956

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A photographic survey of the robotic face of Tokyo buildings and an argument that robot aesthetics plays a central role in architectural history. In Tokyoids, architect François Blanciak surveys the robotic faces omnipresent in Tokyo buildings, offering an architectural taxonomy based not on the usual variables—size, material, historical style—but on the observable expressions of buildings. Are the eyes (windows) twinkling, the mouth (door) laughing? Is that balcony a howl of distress? Investigating robot aesthetics through his photographs of fifty buildings, Blanciak argues that the robot face originated in architecture—before the birth of robotics—and has played a central role in architectural history. Blanciak first puts the robot face into historical perspective, examining the importance of the face in architectural theory and demonstrating that the construction of architecture’s emblematic portraits triggered the emergence of a robot aesthetics. He then explores the emotions conveyed by the photographed buildings’ robot faces, in chapters titled “Awe,” “Wrath,” “Mirth,” “Pain,” “Angst,” and “Hunger.” As he does so he considers, among other things, the architectural relevance of Tokyo’s ordinary buildings; the repression of the figural in contemporary architecture; an aesthetic of dismemberment, linked to the structure of the Japanese language and local building design; and the influence of automation technology upon human interaction. Part photographic survey, part theoretical inquiry, Tokyoids upends the usual approach to robotics in architecture by considering not the automation of architectural output but the aesthetic properties of the robot.

The Routledge Companion to Urban Imaginaries

The Routledge Companion to Urban Imaginaries
Author: Christoph Lindner
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 466
Release: 2018-09-28
Genre: Architecture
ISBN: 1351672681

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The Routledge Companion to Urban Imaginaries delves into examples of urban imaginaries across multiple media and geographies: from new visions of smart, eco, and resilient cities to urban dystopias in popular culture; from architectural renderings of starchitecture and luxury living to performative activism for new spatial justice; and from speculative experiments in urban planning, fiction, and photography to augmented urban realities in crowd-mapping and mobile apps. The volume brings various global perspectives together and into close dialogue to offer a broad, interdisciplinary, and critical overview of the current state of research on urban imaginaries. Questioning the politics of urban imagination, the companion gives particular attention to the role that urban imaginaries play in shaping the future of urban societies, communities, and built environments. Throughout the companion, issues of power, resistance, and uneven geographical development remain central. Adopting a transnational perspective, the volume challenges research on urban imaginaries from the perspective of globalization and postcolonial studies, inviting critical reconsiderations of urbanism in its diverse current forms and definitions. In the process, the companion explores issues of Western-centrism in urban research and design, and accommodates current attempts to radically rethink urban form and experience. This is an essential resource for scholars and graduate researchers in the fields of urban planning and architecture; art, media, and cultural studies; film, visual, and literary studies; sociology and political science; geography; and anthropology.

Small Cities, Big Issues

Small Cities, Big Issues
Author: Christopher Walmsley
Publisher: Athabasca University Press
Total Pages: 344
Release: 2018-07-20
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1771991631

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Small Canadian cities confront serious social issues as a result of the neoliberal economic restructuring practiced by both federal and provincial governments since the 1980s. Drastic spending reductions and ongoing restraint in social assistance, income supports, and the provision of affordable housing, combined with the offloading of social responsibilities onto municipalities, has contributed to the generalization of social issues once chiefly associated with Canada’s largest urban centres. As the investigations in this volume illustrate, while some communities responded to these issues with inclusionary and progressive actions others were more exclusionary and reactive—revealing forms of discrimination, exclusion, and “othering” in the implementation of practices and policies. Importantly, however their investigations reveal a broad range of responses to the social issues they face. No matter the process and results of the proposed solutions, what the contributors uncovered were distinctive attributes of the small city as it struggles to confront increasingly complex social issues. If local governments accept a social agenda as part of its responsibilities, the contributors to Small Cities, Big Issues believe that small cities can succeed in reconceiving community based on the ideals of acceptance, accommodation, and inclusion.

Readings in Urban Analysis

Readings in Urban Analysis
Author: Robert W. Lake
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 351
Release: 2017-07-05
Genre: Architecture
ISBN: 1351494716

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This important work brings together a range of perspectives in contemporary urban analysis. The field of urban analysis is characterized by the multiplicity of approaches, philosophies, and methodologies employed in the examination of urban structure and urban problems. This fragmentation of perspectives is not simply a reflection of the multifaceted and complex nature of the city as subject matter. Nor is it a function of the variety of disciplines such as geography, planning, economics, history, and sociology. Cross-cutting all of these issues and allegiances has been the emergence in recent years of a debate on fundamental issues of philosophy, ideology, and basic assumptions underlying the analysis of urban form and structure. The notion of urban analysis Robert W. Lake discusses focuses on the spatial structure of the city, its causes, and its consequences. At issue is the city as a spatial fact: a built environment with explicit characteristics and spatial dimensions, a spatial distribution of population and land uses, a nexus of locational decisions, an interconnected system of locational advantages and disadvantages, amenities and dis-amenities. Beginning with landmark articles in neo-classical and ecological theory, the reader covers the latest departures and developments. Separate sections cover political approaches to locational conflict, institutional influences on urban form, and recent Marxist approaches to urban analysis. Among the topics included are community strategies in locational conflict, the political economy of place, the role of government and the courts, institutional influences in the housing market, and the relationship between urban form and capitalist development. This is a valuable introductory text for courses in urban planning, urban geography, and urban sociology.