Explainable, Interpretable, and Transparent AI Systems

Explainable, Interpretable, and Transparent AI Systems
Author: B. K. Tripathy
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 355
Release: 2024-08-23
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1040099939

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Transparent Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems facilitate understanding of the decision-making process and provide opportunities in various aspects of explaining AI models. This book provides up-to-date information on the latest advancements in the field of explainable AI, which is a critical requirement of AI, Machine Learning (ML), and Deep Learning (DL) models. It provides examples, case studies, latest techniques, and applications from domains such as healthcare, finance, and network security. It also covers open-source interpretable tool kits so that practitioners can use them in their domains. Features: Presents a clear focus on the application of explainable AI systems while tackling important issues of “interpretability” and “transparency”. Reviews adept handling with respect to existing software and evaluation issues of interpretability. Provides insights into simple interpretable models such as decision trees, decision rules, and linear regression. Focuses on interpreting black box models like feature importance and accumulated local effects. Discusses capabilities of explainability and interpretability. This book is aimed at graduate students and professionals in computer engineering and networking communications.

Interpretable Machine Learning

Interpretable Machine Learning
Author: Christoph Molnar
Publisher: Lulu.com
Total Pages: 320
Release: 2020
Genre: Artificial intelligence
ISBN: 0244768528

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This book is about making machine learning models and their decisions interpretable. After exploring the concepts of interpretability, you will learn about simple, interpretable models such as decision trees, decision rules and linear regression. Later chapters focus on general model-agnostic methods for interpreting black box models like feature importance and accumulated local effects and explaining individual predictions with Shapley values and LIME. All interpretation methods are explained in depth and discussed critically. How do they work under the hood? What are their strengths and weaknesses? How can their outputs be interpreted? This book will enable you to select and correctly apply the interpretation method that is most suitable for your machine learning project.

Explainable AI: Interpreting, Explaining and Visualizing Deep Learning

Explainable AI: Interpreting, Explaining and Visualizing Deep Learning
Author: Wojciech Samek
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 435
Release: 2019-09-10
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3030289540

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The development of “intelligent” systems that can take decisions and perform autonomously might lead to faster and more consistent decisions. A limiting factor for a broader adoption of AI technology is the inherent risks that come with giving up human control and oversight to “intelligent” machines. For sensitive tasks involving critical infrastructures and affecting human well-being or health, it is crucial to limit the possibility of improper, non-robust and unsafe decisions and actions. Before deploying an AI system, we see a strong need to validate its behavior, and thus establish guarantees that it will continue to perform as expected when deployed in a real-world environment. In pursuit of that objective, ways for humans to verify the agreement between the AI decision structure and their own ground-truth knowledge have been explored. Explainable AI (XAI) has developed as a subfield of AI, focused on exposing complex AI models to humans in a systematic and interpretable manner. The 22 chapters included in this book provide a timely snapshot of algorithms, theory, and applications of interpretable and explainable AI and AI techniques that have been proposed recently reflecting the current discourse in this field and providing directions of future development. The book is organized in six parts: towards AI transparency; methods for interpreting AI systems; explaining the decisions of AI systems; evaluating interpretability and explanations; applications of explainable AI; and software for explainable AI.

Interpretable AI

Interpretable AI
Author: Ajay Thampi
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Total Pages: 326
Release: 2022-07-26
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1638350426

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AI doesn’t have to be a black box. These practical techniques help shine a light on your model’s mysterious inner workings. Make your AI more transparent, and you’ll improve trust in your results, combat data leakage and bias, and ensure compliance with legal requirements. In Interpretable AI, you will learn: Why AI models are hard to interpret Interpreting white box models such as linear regression, decision trees, and generalized additive models Partial dependence plots, LIME, SHAP and Anchors, and other techniques such as saliency mapping, network dissection, and representational learning What fairness is and how to mitigate bias in AI systems Implement robust AI systems that are GDPR-compliant Interpretable AI opens up the black box of your AI models. It teaches cutting-edge techniques and best practices that can make even complex AI systems interpretable. Each method is easy to implement with just Python and open source libraries. You’ll learn to identify when you can utilize models that are inherently transparent, and how to mitigate opacity when your problem demands the power of a hard-to-interpret deep learning model. About the technology It’s often difficult to explain how deep learning models work, even for the data scientists who create them. Improving transparency and interpretability in machine learning models minimizes errors, reduces unintended bias, and increases trust in the outcomes. This unique book contains techniques for looking inside “black box” models, designing accountable algorithms, and understanding the factors that cause skewed results. About the book Interpretable AI teaches you to identify the patterns your model has learned and why it produces its results. As you read, you’ll pick up algorithm-specific approaches, like interpreting regression and generalized additive models, along with tips to improve performance during training. You’ll also explore methods for interpreting complex deep learning models where some processes are not easily observable. AI transparency is a fast-moving field, and this book simplifies cutting-edge research into practical methods you can implement with Python. What's inside Techniques for interpreting AI models Counteract errors from bias, data leakage, and concept drift Measuring fairness and mitigating bias Building GDPR-compliant AI systems About the reader For data scientists and engineers familiar with Python and machine learning. About the author Ajay Thampi is a machine learning engineer focused on responsible AI and fairness. Table of Contents PART 1 INTERPRETABILITY BASICS 1 Introduction 2 White-box models PART 2 INTERPRETING MODEL PROCESSING 3 Model-agnostic methods: Global interpretability 4 Model-agnostic methods: Local interpretability 5 Saliency mapping PART 3 INTERPRETING MODEL REPRESENTATIONS 6 Understanding layers and units 7 Understanding semantic similarity PART 4 FAIRNESS AND BIAS 8 Fairness and mitigating bias 9 Path to explainable AI

Explainable AI: Foundations, Methodologies and Applications

Explainable AI: Foundations, Methodologies and Applications
Author: Mayuri Mehta
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 273
Release: 2022-10-19
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3031128079

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This book presents an overview and several applications of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). It covers different aspects related to explainable artificial intelligence, such as the need to make the AI models interpretable, how black box machine/deep learning models can be understood using various XAI methods, different evaluation metrics for XAI, human-centered explainable AI, and applications of explainable AI in health care, security surveillance, transportation, among other areas. The book is suitable for students and academics aiming to build up their background on explainable AI and can guide them in making machine/deep learning models more transparent. The book can be used as a reference book for teaching a graduate course on artificial intelligence, applied machine learning, or neural networks. Researchers working in the area of AI can use this book to discover the recent developments in XAI. Besides its use in academia, this book could be used by practitioners in AI industries, healthcare industries, medicine, autonomous vehicles, and security surveillance, who would like to develop AI techniques and applications with explanations.

Explainable and Interpretable Models in Computer Vision and Machine Learning

Explainable and Interpretable Models in Computer Vision and Machine Learning
Author: Hugo Jair Escalante
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 299
Release: 2018-11-29
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3319981315

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This book compiles leading research on the development of explainable and interpretable machine learning methods in the context of computer vision and machine learning. Research progress in computer vision and pattern recognition has led to a variety of modeling techniques with almost human-like performance. Although these models have obtained astounding results, they are limited in their explainability and interpretability: what is the rationale behind the decision made? what in the model structure explains its functioning? Hence, while good performance is a critical required characteristic for learning machines, explainability and interpretability capabilities are needed to take learning machines to the next step to include them in decision support systems involving human supervision. This book, written by leading international researchers, addresses key topics of explainability and interpretability, including the following: · Evaluation and Generalization in Interpretable Machine Learning · Explanation Methods in Deep Learning · Learning Functional Causal Models with Generative Neural Networks · Learning Interpreatable Rules for Multi-Label Classification · Structuring Neural Networks for More Explainable Predictions · Generating Post Hoc Rationales of Deep Visual Classification Decisions · Ensembling Visual Explanations · Explainable Deep Driving by Visualizing Causal Attention · Interdisciplinary Perspective on Algorithmic Job Candidate Search · Multimodal Personality Trait Analysis for Explainable Modeling of Job Interview Decisions · Inherent Explainability Pattern Theory-based Video Event Interpretations

Explainable and Transparent AI and Multi-Agent Systems

Explainable and Transparent AI and Multi-Agent Systems
Author: Davide Calvaresi
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 345
Release: 2021-07-16
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3030820173

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This book constitutes the proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Explainable, Transparent AI and Multi-Agent Systems, EXTRAAMAS 2021, which was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 19 long revised papers and 1 short contribution were carefully selected from 32 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: XAI & machine learning; XAI vision, understanding, deployment and evaluation; XAI applications; XAI logic and argumentation; decentralized and heterogeneous XAI.

Knowledge Graphs for eXplainable Artificial Intelligence: Foundations, Applications and Challenges

Knowledge Graphs for eXplainable Artificial Intelligence: Foundations, Applications and Challenges
Author: I. Tiddi
Publisher: IOS Press
Total Pages: 314
Release: 2020-05-06
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1643680811

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The latest advances in Artificial Intelligence and (deep) Machine Learning in particular revealed a major drawback of modern intelligent systems, namely the inability to explain their decisions in a way that humans can easily understand. While eXplainable AI rapidly became an active area of research in response to this need for improved understandability and trustworthiness, the field of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KRR) has on the other hand a long-standing tradition in managing information in a symbolic, human-understandable form. This book provides the first comprehensive collection of research contributions on the role of knowledge graphs for eXplainable AI (KG4XAI), and the papers included here present academic and industrial research focused on the theory, methods and implementations of AI systems that use structured knowledge to generate reliable explanations. Introductory material on knowledge graphs is included for those readers with only a minimal background in the field, as well as specific chapters devoted to advanced methods, applications and case-studies that use knowledge graphs as a part of knowledge-based, explainable systems (KBX-systems). The final chapters explore current challenges and future research directions in the area of knowledge graphs for eXplainable AI. The book not only provides a scholarly, state-of-the-art overview of research in this subject area, but also fosters the hybrid combination of symbolic and subsymbolic AI methods, and will be of interest to all those working in the field.

Embedded Systems and Artificial Intelligence

Embedded Systems and Artificial Intelligence
Author: Vikrant Bhateja
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 880
Release: 2020-04-07
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9811509476

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This book gathers selected research papers presented at the First International Conference on Embedded Systems and Artificial Intelligence (ESAI 2019), held at Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco, on 2–3 May 2019. Highlighting the latest innovations in Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence, Information Technologies, and Embedded Systems, the respective papers will encourage and inspire researchers, industry professionals, and policymakers to put these methods into practice.

Explainable Artificial Intelligence: An Introduction to Interpretable Machine Learning

Explainable Artificial Intelligence: An Introduction to Interpretable Machine Learning
Author: Uday Kamath
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 310
Release: 2021-12-16
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 9783030833558

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This book is written both for readers entering the field, and for practitioners with a background in AI and an interest in developing real-world applications. The book is a great resource for practitioners and researchers in both industry and academia, and the discussed case studies and associated material can serve as inspiration for a variety of projects and hands-on assignments in a classroom setting. I will certainly keep this book as a personal resource for the courses I teach, and strongly recommend it to my students. --Dr. Carlotta Domeniconi, Associate Professor, Computer Science Department, GMU This book offers a curriculum for introducing interpretability to machine learning at every stage. The authors provide compelling examples that a core teaching practice like leading interpretive discussions can be taught and learned by teachers and sustained effort. And what better way to strengthen the quality of AI and Machine learning outcomes. I hope that this book will become a primer for teachers, data Science educators, and ML developers, and together we practice the art of interpretive machine learning. --Anusha Dandapani, Chief Data and Analytics Officer, UNICC and Adjunct Faculty, NYU This is a wonderful book! I’m pleased that the next generation of scientists will finally be able to learn this important topic. This is the first book I’ve seen that has up-to-date and well-rounded coverage. Thank you to the authors! --Dr. Cynthia Rudin, Professor of Computer Science, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Statistical Science, and Biostatistics & Bioinformatics Literature on Explainable AI has up until now been relatively scarce and featured mainly mainstream algorithms like SHAP and LIME. This book has closed this gap by providing an extremely broad review of various algorithms proposed in the scientific circles over the previous 5-10 years. This book is a great guide to anyone who is new to the field of XAI or is already familiar with the field and is willing to expand their knowledge. A comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art Explainable AI methods starting from visualization, interpretable methods, local and global explanations, time series methods, and finishing with deep learning provides an unparalleled source of information currently unavailable anywhere else. Additionally, notebooks with vivid examples are a great supplement that makes the book even more attractive for practitioners of any level. Overall, the authors provide readers with an enormous breadth of coverage without losing sight of practical aspects, which makes this book truly unique and a great addition to the library of any data scientist. Dr. Andrey Sharapov, Product Data Scientist, Explainable AI Expert and Speaker, Founder of Explainable AI-XAI Group