European Energy Policy and Its Effects on Gas Security

European Energy Policy and Its Effects on Gas Security
Author: Victorița Ștefana Anda Radu
Publisher:
Total Pages: 356
Release: 2017
Genre: Energy policy
ISBN:

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The goal of this study is to examine the effects of the energy policies of the European Union (EU) on its gas security in the period 2006 to 2016. While energy security is often given a broad meaning, this paper focuses on its external dimension: the EU's relations with external gas suppliers. It is grounded on four pillars drawing from the compounded institutionalist and liberal theoretical frameworks: regulatory state, rational-choice, external governance, and regime effectiveness. The research question was investigated through a qualitative methodology with two main components: a legislative analysis and four case studies representing the main gas supply options - Russia, North African exporting countries, Norway, and liquefied natural gas (LNG). They highlighted that the EU framed the need for gas security mainly in the context of political risks associated with Russian gas supply, but it almost never took into account other equally important risks. Moreover, the research revealed two main issues. First, that the deeper and the more numerous EU's energy policies were, the bigger was the magnitude of the effect. Specifically, competitiveness and infrastructure policies had the largest magnitude, while the sustainability and security of supply policies had the smallest effect. Second, EU energy policies only partially diminished the economic and political risks in relation to foreign gas suppliers. To conclude, to a certain extent the EU's efforts made a positive contribution to the external dimension of the EU's gas security, but the distinguishing trait remains that there is no consistency in terms of the magnitude of the effect and its nature.

European Energy and Climate Security

European Energy and Climate Security
Author: Rossella Bardazzi
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 297
Release: 2015-09-28
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 3319213024

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​As energy is becoming one of the crucial concerns in the EU, this volume provides an in-depth analysis and interdisciplinary perspective on European energy security. Given the multidimensional nature of energy security in terms of physical availability, affordability and geopolitical security, it brings together authors from different backgrounds pursuing a distinctly multidisciplinary approach. The authors' different perspectives correspond to the three sections of the book: international relations, which focuses on Eastern EU partners; energy economics, which highlights the current unconventional hydrocarbons revolution and its impact on EU energy and climate strategies; and public policy, which analyzes EU policies in the context.

Long-term Energy Security Risks for Europe

Long-term Energy Security Risks for Europe
Author: Arianna Checchi
Publisher: CEPS
Total Pages: 56
Release: 2009
Genre: Energy policy
ISBN: 9290798491

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The aim of the paper is to identify and evaluate existing and potential EU energy supply risks on the basis of a sector-specific approach. Moving away from common generalisations on security of energy supply as well as from those studies that focus only on one sector, it brings together all types of fuel and analyses the risks related to each of them. The result is a comprehensive picture of the energy security challenges faced by the EU in the long-term. The paper can be seen as a tool to avoid overlapping, incoherence and contradictions in the process of assessing security of supply and aims to formulate a consistent and more unified European energy policy.

EU Energy Security in the Gas Sector

EU Energy Security in the Gas Sector
Author: Filippos Proedrou
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 191
Release: 2016-04-22
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1317140311

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This book fills an important gap in the literature on energy security in the gas sector in the European Union. Whilst the emphasis is often on energy security in the oil sector, the gas sector has grown in importance in recent decades, with increasing liberalization raising critical questions for the security of gas supplies. The share of gas in Europe's energy mix is rising and the differences between the politics and economics of gas and oil supply are becoming more pronounced. The author sheds light on the state of EU energy security in the gas sector, its interdependence with external suppliers and the current gas strategy. He examines the role of energy companies, EU member-states and EU institutions, locates the main developments in the gas sector and focuses on the principal challenges posed by such fundamental changes. The author scrutinizes the EU's relations with its main gas supplier, Russia, as well as with alternative suppliers, elaborates on the key infrastructure projects on the table and their principal ramifications, and discusses the main policies that member-states pursue to achieve energy security as well as the EU's internal contradictions. The book concludes with policy recommendations, particularly in the light of tougher environmental regulation.

European Energy Policy

European Energy Policy
Author: Francesc Morata
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Total Pages: 257
Release: 2012
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0857939211

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'This book analyses a highly important topic. It is based on a comprehensive and empirically rich assessment of European energy policy, including both internal and external determinants. Its encompassing approach and the thoughtful combination of different analytical perspectives makes the book an important and fresh contribution to the field.' Christoph Knill, University of Konstanz, Germany 'Energy was one of the founding pillars of European integration, while environmental concerns have become an identity sign of today's European Union energy policy. However, notwithstanding the obvious links between both issues, little attention has been devoted to the complex relationship between the EU's environmental performance and the Europeanization of its energy policy. This book, carefully edited by Morata and Solorio, has come to fill this gap becoming a "must" to understand the interactions between these two fundamental drivers of EU policies.' José María Marín-Quemada, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, and Member of the Governing Council of the Spanish Central Bank, Spain This path-breaking book explores the new European energy policy, highlighting the significance of environmental policy concerns, instruments, and objectives vis-à-vis competing security and market dimensions in order to achieve an all-embracing EU energy policy perspective for the future. While the past years have witnessed unprecedented development of EU energy policy, the understanding of this process has lagged behind. Alongside the scarce literature on this emergent policy, there is also a gap regarding the attention paid to its different components. The study stems from the perception of a mismatch between the valuable debate that certain dimensions of energy policy namely, energy security and the market and competition framework have triggered and the neglect of its environmental and climate change dimensions. European Energy Policy will prove to be insightful for academics and postgraduate students interested in European integration, political science, international relations, public policy and environmental science. Energy stakeholders and governmental policymakers will also find plenty of invaluable information in this enriching resource.

Energy Security in Europe

Energy Security in Europe
Author: Kacper Szulecki
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 355
Release: 2017-10-13
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 3319649647

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This edited collection highlights the different meanings that have been attached to the notion of energy security and how it is taken to refer to different objects. Official policy definitions of energy security are broadly similar across countries and emphasize the reliability and affordability of access to sufficient energy resources for a community to uphold its normal economic and social functions. However, perceptions of energy security vary between states causing different actions to be taken, both in international relations and in domestic politics. Energy Security in Europe moves the policy debates on energy security beyond a consideration of its seemingly objective nature. It also provides a series of contributions that shed light on the conditions under which similar material factors are met with very different energy security policies and divergent discourses across Europe. Furthermore, it problematizes established notions prevalent in energy security studies, such as whether energy security is ‘geopolitical’, and an element of high politics, or purely ‘economic’, and should be left for the markets to regulate. This book will be of particular relevance to students and academics in the fields of energy studies and political science seeking to understand the divergence in perspectives and understandings of energy security challenges between EU member states and in multilateral relationships between the EU as a whole.

Energy Security, Trade and the EU

Energy Security, Trade and the EU
Author: Rafael Leal-Arcas
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Total Pages: 487
Release: 2016-10-28
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1785366742

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Energy security is a burning issue in a world where 1.4 billion people still have no access to electricity. This book is about finding solutions for energy security through the international trading system. Focusing mainly on the European Union as a case study, this holistic and comprehensive analysis of the existing legal and geopolitical instruments strives to identify the shortcomings of the international and EU energy trade governance systems, concluding with the notion of a European Energy Union and what the EU is politically prepared to accept as part of its unified energy security.

Research Handbook on EU Energy Law and Policy

Research Handbook on EU Energy Law and Policy
Author: Rafael Leal-Arcas
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Total Pages: 563
Release: 2017-10-27
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 178643105X

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This authoritative Research Handbook presents, for the first time, a comprehensive overview of the most important research and latest trends in EU energy law and policy. It offers high-quality original contributions that provide state-of-the-art research in this rapidly evolving area, situated in the broader context of international economic law and governance.

Energy Security and Natural Gas Markets in Europe

Energy Security and Natural Gas Markets in Europe
Author: Tim Boersma
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 172
Release: 2015-08-27
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1317636635

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Moving beyond most conventional thinking about energy security in Europe which revolves around stability of supplies and the reliability of suppliers, this book presents the history of European policy-making regarding energy resources, including recent controversies about shale gas and fracking. Using the United States as a benchmark, the author tests the hypothesis that EU energy security is at risk primarily because of a lack of market integration and cooperation between member states. This lack of integration still prohibits natural gas to flow freely throughout the continent, which makes parts of Europe vulnerable in case of supply disruptions. The book demonstrates that the EU gas market has been developing at different speeds, leaving the Northwest of the continent reasonably well integrated, with sufficient trade and liquidity and different supplies, whereas other parts are less developed. In these parts of Europe there is a structural lack of investments in infrastructure, interconnectors, reverse flow options and storage facilities. Thus, even though substantial progress has been made in parts of the EU, single source dependency often prevails, leaving the relevant member states vulnerable to market power abuse. Detailed comparisons are made of the situations in the Netherlands and Poland, and of energy policy in the USA. The book dismantles some of the existing assumptions about the concept of energy security, and touches upon the level of rhetoric that features in most energy security and policy debates in Europe.

The Security of Energy Supply in the European Union

The Security of Energy Supply in the European Union
Author: Jean-Arnold Vinois
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2012
Genre: Energy industries
ISBN: 9789081690423

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This book examines the latest developments of the European Union's energy policy and, particularly, the way security of its energy supply is taken into account and handled. As one of the three objectives of the EU energy policy, the security of supply emerged as a central element of the policy, following the January 2009 gas crisis and now with the consequences of the Fukushima events. The contributions to the book analyze the extensive developments toward energy security, the impact of the third internal market package on its reinforcement, and the major role to be played by infrastructures in physically ensuring the security of supply. It discusses the most recent and relevant instruments adopted by the European Union in the fields of oil (the so-called oil stocks directive) and gas (the regulation on security of gas supply). In the field of electricity, the book reports on the experience of the transmission system operators working together in the European Network (ENTSO-E) to guara