English Criminal Justice in the 19th Century

English Criminal Justice in the 19th Century
Author: David Bentley
Publisher: A&C Black
Total Pages: 335
Release: 1998-01-01
Genre: Law
ISBN: 185285135X

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While it is easy to assume that the system of criminal justice in nineteenth-century England was not unlike the modern one, in many ways it was very different, particularly before the series of Victorian reforms that gradually codified a system dependent on judge-made precedent. In the first half of the century capital cases often tried almost summarily, with the accused not being adequately represented and without a system of appeal. There were also fundamental differences in procedure and in the rules of evidence, as indeed there were in attitudes towards crime and criminals. David Bentley has provided an account of the nineteenth-century criminal justice system as a whole, from the crimes committed and the classification of offences to the different courts and their procedure. He describes the stages of criminal prosecution -- committal, indictment, trial, verdict and punishment -- and the judges, lawyers and juries, highlighting significant changes in the rules of evidence during the century. He looks at the reform of the old system and assesses how far it was brought about by lawyers themselves and how far by external forces. Finally, he considers the fairness of the system, both as seen by contemporaries and in modern terms.

Policing and Punishment in Nineteenth Century Britain

Policing and Punishment in Nineteenth Century Britain
Author: Victor Bailey
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 251
Release: 2015-08-20
Genre: History
ISBN: 1317374894

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In the years between 1750 and 1868, English criminal justice underwent significant changes. The two most crucial developments were the gradual establishment of an organised, regular police, and the emergence of new secondary punishments, following the restriction in the scope of the death penalty. In place of an ill-paid parish constabulary, functioning largely through a system of rewards and common informers, professional police institutions were given the task of executing a speedy and systematic enforcement of the criminal law. In lieu of the severe and capriciously-administered capital laws, a penalty structure based on a proportionality between the gravity of crimes and the severity of punishments was erected as arguably a more effective deterrent of crime. This book, first published in 1981, examines the impact of these two important developments and casts new light on the way in which law enforcement evolved during the nineteenth century. This title will be of interest to students of history and criminology.

Crime and Law in England, 1750–1840

Crime and Law in England, 1750–1840
Author: Peter King
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 380
Release: 2006-12-07
Genre: History
ISBN: 9781139459495

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How was law made in England in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries? Through detailed studies of what the courts actually did, Peter King argues that parliament and the Westminster courts played a less important role in the process of law making than is usually assumed. Justice was often remade from the margins by magistrates, judges and others at the local level. His book also focuses on four specific themes - gender, youth, violent crime and the attack on customary rights. In doing so it highlights a variety of important changes - the relatively lenient treatment meted out to women by the late eighteenth century, the early development of the juvenile reformatory in England before 1825, i.e. before similar changes on the continent or in America, and the growing intolerance of the courts towards everyday violence. This study is invaluable reading to anyone interested in British political and legal history.

Nineteenth-Century Crime and Punishment

Nineteenth-Century Crime and Punishment
Author: Victor Bailey
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 355
Release: 2021-07-25
Genre: History
ISBN: 0429995687

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This four volume collection looks at the essential issues concerning crime and punishment in the long nineteenth-century. Through the presentation of primary source documents, it explores the development of a modern pattern of crime and a modern system of penal policy and practice, illustrating the shift from eighteenth century patterns of crime (including the clash between rural custom and law) and punishment (unsystematic, selective, public, and body-centred) to nineteenth century patterns of crime (urban, increasing, and a metaphor for social instability and moral decay, before a remarkable late-century crime decline) and punishment (reform-minded, soul-centred, penetrative, uniform and private in application). The first two volumes focus on crime itself and illustrate the role of the criminal courts, the rise and fall of crime, the causes of crime as understood by contemporary investigators, the police ways of ‘knowing the criminal,’ the role of ‘moral panics,’ and the definition of the ‘criminal classes’ and ‘habitual offenders’. The final two volumes explore means of punishment and look at the shift from public and bodily punishments to transportation, the rise of the penitentiary, the convict prison system, and the late-century decline in the prison population and loss of faith in the prison.

Crime in England 1815-1880

Crime in England 1815-1880
Author: Helen Johnston
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 182
Release: 2015-03-03
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1317669347

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Crime in England, 1815-1880 provides a unique insight into views on crime and criminality and the operation of the criminal justice system in England from the early to the late nineteenth century. This book examines the perceived problem and causes of crime, views about offenders and the consequences of these views for the treatment of offenders in the criminal justice system. The book explores the perceived causes of criminality, as well as concerns about particular groups of offenders, such as the 'criminal classes' and the 'habitual offender', the female offender and the juvenile criminal. It also considers the development of policing, the systems of capital punishment and the transportation of offenders overseas, as well as the evolution of both local and convict prison systems. The discussion primarily investigates those who were drawn into the criminal justice system and the attitudes towards and mechanisms to address crime and offenders. The book draws together original research by the author to locate these broader developments and provides detailed case studies illuminating the lives of those who experienced the criminal justice system and how these changes were experienced in provincial England. With an emphasis on the penal system and case studies on offenders' lives and on provincial criminal justice, this book will be useful to academics and students interested in criminal justice, history and penology, as well as being of interest to the general reader.

Crime in England 1815-1880

Crime in England 1815-1880
Author: Helen Johnston
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2015
Genre: Crime
ISBN: 9781843929536

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'Crime in England, 1815-1880' provides a unique insight into crime and the criminal justice system from the early to the late 19th century. It examines crime, criminality and punishment in nineteenth-century England by providing an overview of the key issues with regard to views about and subsequent treatment of crime and offenders by the criminal justice system. It covers important developments and changes across the period, in policing and the disposal of offenders, such as the decline of public execution, the transportation of convicts overseas and emergence of local and convict system of imprisonment.

A General View of the Criminal Law of England

A General View of the Criminal Law of England
Author: James Fitzjames Stephen
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 519
Release: 2014-07-17
Genre: History
ISBN: 1108060935

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This 1863 work aimed to provide an 'intelligible and interesting' account of the main principles of the English criminal justice system.

Men of Blood

Men of Blood
Author: Martin J. Wiener
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 314
Release: 2004-01-12
Genre: Family & Relationships
ISBN: 0521831989

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Criminality and the Common Law Imagination in the 18th and 19th Centuries

Criminality and the Common Law Imagination in the 18th and 19th Centuries
Author: Erin Sheley
Publisher: Edinburgh University Press
Total Pages: 264
Release: 2020-04-02
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1474450121

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Through interdisciplinary readings of a range of literary and legal texts across a 200-year period, this book uncovers how the cultural narrative affected the development of the law itself in the 18th and 19th centuries in three case studies: adultery, child criminality and rape testimony.