Environmental Stresses in Soybean Production

Environmental Stresses in Soybean Production
Author: Mohammad Miransari
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 324
Release: 2016-06-14
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0128017287

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Environmental Stress Conditions in Soybean Production: Soybean Production, Volume Two, examines the impact of conditions on final crop yield and identifies core issues and methods to address concerns. As climate and soil quality changes and issues continue to manifest around the world, methods of ensuring sustainable crop production is imperative. The care and treatment of the soil nutrients, how water availability and temperature interact with both soil and plant, and what new means of crop protection are being developed make this an important resource for those focusing on this versatile crop. The book is a complement to volume one, Abiotic and Biotic Stresses in Soybean Production, providing further insights into crop protection. Presents insights for addressing specific environmental stress conditions in soybean production, including soil, atmospheric, and other contributing factors Facilitates translational methods based on stress factors from around the world Examines the future of soybean production challenges, including those posed by climate change Complements volume one, Abiotic and Biotic Stresses in Soybean Production, providing further insights into crop protection

World Development Report 2020

World Development Report 2020
Author: World Bank
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 511
Release: 2019-11-19
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1464814953

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Global value chains (GVCs) powered the surge of international trade after 1990 and now account for almost half of all trade. This shift enabled an unprecedented economic convergence: poor countries grew rapidly and began to catch up with richer countries. Since the 2008 global financial crisis, however, the growth of trade has been sluggish and the expansion of GVCs has stalled. Meanwhile, serious threats have emerged to the model of trade-led growth. New technologies could draw production closer to the consumer and reduce the demand for labor. And trade conflicts among large countries could lead to a retrenchment or a segmentation of GVCs. World Development Report 2020: Trading for Development in the Age of Global Value Chains examines whether there is still a path to development through GVCs and trade. It concludes that technological change is, at this stage, more a boon than a curse. GVCs can continue to boost growth, create better jobs, and reduce poverty provided that developing countries implement deeper reforms to promote GVC participation; industrial countries pursue open, predictable policies; and all countries revive multilateral cooperation.

The water environment of soybeans

The water environment of soybeans
Author: D. R. Laing
Publisher:
Total Pages: 420
Release: 1966
Genre:
ISBN:

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The economic yield of agricultural plants is determined by the genetic potential of the genotype and the interaction of this genotype with a wide spectrum of environmental factors. Crop yield may be considered the net result of the integrated effects of day-to-day changes in the level of these environmental factors during the growing season. The water factor in the crop ecosystem plays a leading role in yield determination in many regions of the world and for a wide range of species ...

Soybean

Soybean
Author: Minobu Kasai
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Total Pages: 192
Release: 2019-02-20
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1789853737

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Plants are important for a permanent ecosystem, because in the ecological pyramid plants support all the other living organisms at the base. Very important organization is thought to be the integral process of resource, transport, partitioning, metabolism, and production, which involves yield, biomass, and productivity in plants. Accordingly, it is important to obtain more information about the knowledge concerning yield, biomass, and productivity in plants. Soybean is one of the main crops largely contributing to our life, which is thought to be connected to our ecosystem through the above-mentioned integral process. This book focuses on the soybean, and reviews and research concerning the yield, biomass, and productivity of soybean are presented herein. This text updates the book published in 2017. Although there are many difficulties, the main aim of this book is to present a basis for the above-mentioned integral processes of resource, transport, partitioning, metabolism, and production, which involves yield, biomass, and productivity in plants (soybean), and to understand what supports this basis and the integral process. It is hoped that this and the preceding book will be essential reads.

Effects of Soil Moisture and Atmospheric Conditions on the Water Status of Soybean Plants (Glycine Max (L.) Merrill).

Effects of Soil Moisture and Atmospheric Conditions on the Water Status of Soybean Plants (Glycine Max (L.) Merrill).
Author: Cleber Morais Guimares
Publisher:
Total Pages: 180
Release: 1979
Genre: Soybean
ISBN:

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Two experiments were conducted in the field to study the effects of soil moisture and atmospheric conditions on the water status of soybeans. Leaf diffusive resistance at midday, and leaf water potential early in the morning and at midday correlated with soil moisture and atmospheric parameters. The atmospheric parameters studied were: solar radiation, potential evapotranspiration, pan evaporation and maximum air temperature. In addition leaf temperatures were correlated with leaf diffusive resistance. Atmospheric conditions explained the variations of non-stressed plants better than in the stressed plants in 1977 were explained better than in 1978. Probably factors associated with limited volume of soil, and different soil structure inside the soil containers used in 1978 were the reason for those variations of results. The highest yields were obtained from plants not stressed during the entire season. Treatments A (water stress initiated during the flowering), B (water stress initiated during early pod formation), and C (water stress initiated during later pod filling) reduced A and the control were the same. However, the seeds on plants of treatments B and C were significantly smaller. Stress applied during the late pod filling stage produced the smallest seeds. Information obtained from this experiment illustrated two points: (1) the importance of studying plant water status under natural environmental conditions, and (2) water stress during late pod filling is more deleterious on soybean yield than water stress imposed at any other stage.

Genetically Engineered Crops

Genetically Engineered Crops
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 607
Release: 2017-01-28
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309437385

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Genetically engineered (GE) crops were first introduced commercially in the 1990s. After two decades of production, some groups and individuals remain critical of the technology based on their concerns about possible adverse effects on human health, the environment, and ethical considerations. At the same time, others are concerned that the technology is not reaching its potential to improve human health and the environment because of stringent regulations and reduced public funding to develop products offering more benefits to society. While the debate about these and other questions related to the genetic engineering techniques of the first 20 years goes on, emerging genetic-engineering technologies are adding new complexities to the conversation. Genetically Engineered Crops builds on previous related Academies reports published between 1987 and 2010 by undertaking a retrospective examination of the purported positive and adverse effects of GE crops and to anticipate what emerging genetic-engineering technologies hold for the future. This report indicates where there are uncertainties about the economic, agronomic, health, safety, or other impacts of GE crops and food, and makes recommendations to fill gaps in safety assessments, increase regulatory clarity, and improve innovations in and access to GE technology.

Coping with Water Scarcity

Coping with Water Scarcity
Author: Jean-Marc Faurès
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO)
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2012
Genre: Food security
ISBN: 9789251073049

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The report aims to provide a conceptual framework to address food security under conditions of water scarcity in agriculture. It has been prepared by a team of FAO staff and consultants in the framework of the project "Coping with water scarcity - the role of agriculture", and has been discussed at an Expert Consultation meeting organized in FAO, Rome, during the period 14-16 December 2009 on the same subject. It was subsequently edited and revised, taking account of discussions in the Expert Consultation and materials presented to the meeting. The purpose of the Expert Consultation was to assist FAO to better design its water scarcity programme. In particular, the experts were requested to provide recommendations on the range of technical and policy options and associated principles that FAO should promote as part of an agricultural response to water scarcity in member countries. The document offers views on the conceptual framework on which FAO's water scarcity programme should be based, proposes a set of definitions associated with the concept of water scarcity, and indicates the main principles on which FAO should base its action in support to its member countries. At the meeting, experts were requested to review the draft document and provide feedback and recommendations for its finalization. Issues that were addressed in discussions included: 3⁄4 Water scarcity: agreement on key definitions. 3⁄4 The conceptualisation of water scarcity in ways that are meaningful for policy development and decision-making. 3⁄4 The quantification of water scarcity. . 3⁄4 Policy and technical response options available to ensure food security in conditions of water scarcity. . 3⁄4 Criteria and principles that should be used to establish priorities for action in response to water scarcity in agriculture and ensure effective and efficient water scarcity coping strategies.