Many of the exhibited works are among Europe's major paintings from the Renaissance to the end of the 18th century. The beginnings of the Gemäldegalerie can be traced back to the Saxon electors' Kunstkammer, founded in 1560. Through extensive purchases, August III was able to make it into a unique collection. The inventory of Italian Renaissance paintings is exceptional, including Raphal's "Sistine Madonna," Giorgione's "Sleeping Venus" and Titian's "The Tribute Money." Dutch and Flemish painting of the 17th century, by artists such as Rembrandt, Vermeer, Ruben and van Dyck, are another focus of the collection. Spanish, French and German paintings are also among the museum's art treasures.