The violence of the old testament is well known. Judaic laws that require the eradication of evil by violent means exists in the Jewish tradition. As in most of the monotheistic religions, laws for both peace and violence exist in the Judaic tradition. One doctrine that prevails is the so-called golden rule to 'love thy neighbor as thyself'. In Judaism however there is also a historic tradition of writings and interpretations from the Talmud that make distinct violent and demeaning references to the gentile or non-jew. This primarily occurred during the later second temple period. Some critics of religion such as Jack Nelson-Pallmeyer argue that all monotheistic religions are inherently violent. For example, Nelson-Pallmeyer writes that "Judaism, Christianity and Islam will continue to contribute to the destruction of the world until and unless each challenges violence in "sacred texts" and until each affirms nonviolent power of God." Bruce Feiler writes of ancient history that "Jews and Christians who smugly console themselves that Islam is the only violent religion are willfully ignoring their past. Nowhere is the struggle between faith and violence described more vividly, and with more stomach-turning details of ruthlessness, than in the Hebrew Bible." Similarly, Burggraeve and Vervenne describe the Old Testament as full of violence and evidence of both a violent society and a violent god. They write that, "in numerous Old Testament texts the power and glory of Israel's God is described in the language of violence." They assert that more than one thousand passages refer to YHWH as acting violently or supporting the violence of humans and that more than one hundred passages involve divine commands to kill humans. This book make a deliberately objective effort to discuss the issues surrounding violence in Judaism.