Disinfection of Water Wells and Water Service Lines
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 1 |
Release | : 1997* |
Genre | : Wells |
ISBN | : |
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Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 1 |
Release | : 1997* |
Genre | : Wells |
ISBN | : |
Author | : National Research Council |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 405 |
Release | : 2007-01-22 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0309103061 |
Protecting and maintaining water distributions systems is crucial to ensuring high quality drinking water. Distribution systems-consisting of pipes, pumps, valves, storage tanks, reservoirs, meters, fittings, and other hydraulic appurtenances-carry drinking water from a centralized treatment plant or well supplies to consumers' taps. Spanning almost 1 million miles in the United States, distribution systems represent the vast majority of physical infrastructure for water supplies, and thus constitute the primary management challenge from both an operational and public health standpoint. Recent data on waterborne disease outbreaks suggest that distribution systems remain a source of contamination that has yet to be fully addressed. This report evaluates approaches for risk characterization and recent data, and it identifies a variety of strategies that could be considered to reduce the risks posed by water-quality deteriorating events in distribution systems. Particular attention is given to backflow events via cross connections, the potential for contamination of the distribution system during construction and repair activities, maintenance of storage facilities, and the role of premise plumbing in public health risk. The report also identifies advances in detection, monitoring and modeling, analytical methods, and research and development opportunities that will enable the water supply industry to further reduce risks associated with drinking water distribution systems.
Author | : AWWA. |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2022 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9781647170837 |
Author | : William C. Lauer |
Publisher | : American Water Works Association |
Total Pages | : 147 |
Release | : 2011-01-12 |
Genre | : Water |
ISBN | : 161300060X |
Author | : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 291 |
Release | : 2020-02-20 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 030949382X |
Legionnaires' disease, a pneumonia caused by the Legionella bacterium, is the leading cause of reported waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States. Legionella occur naturally in water from many different environmental sources, but grow rapidly in the warm, stagnant conditions that can be found in engineered water systems such as cooling towers, building plumbing, and hot tubs. Humans are primarily exposed to Legionella through inhalation of contaminated aerosols into the respiratory system. Legionnaires' disease can be fatal, with between 3 and 33 percent of Legionella infections leading to death, and studies show the incidence of Legionnaires' disease in the United States increased five-fold from 2000 to 2017. Management of Legionella in Water Systems reviews the state of science on Legionella contamination of water systems, specifically the ecology and diagnosis. This report explores the process of transmission via water systems, quantification, prevention and control, and policy and training issues that affect the incidence of Legionnaires' disease. It also analyzes existing knowledge gaps and recommends research priorities moving forward.
Author | : |
Publisher | : DIANE Publishing |
Total Pages | : 104 |
Release | : |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 1428927158 |
Author | : John E. Dyksen |
Publisher | : American Water Works Association |
Total Pages | : 316 |
Release | : 2007 |
Genre | : Water |
ISBN | : 1583215352 |
In response to many U.S. water utilities that are considering changing disinfectants from chlorine to alternative disinfectants, this research has been undertaken to gain knowledge of long-term effects.
Author | : United States. Public Health Service. Division of Environmental Engineering and Food Protection |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 136 |
Release | : 1963 |
Genre | : Water-supply engineering |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Abigail F. Cantor |
Publisher | : CRC Press |
Total Pages | : 232 |
Release | : 2009-03-10 |
Genre | : Nature |
ISBN | : 1439800537 |
A typical water distribution system is complex and chaotic with varying piping configurations, water flows, chemical reactions, and microbiological activity. It is therefore no surprise that monitoring water quality can be a daunting task, not to mention dealing with the devastating and costly effects of: Noncompliance with the Lead and Copper Rule Pinhole leaks in water service lines and private plumbing Vulnerability to microorganisms in the water distribution system Unwanted side effects from treatment chemicals Mistakes in treatment chemicals and dosage amounts These common water quality issues can be avoided by routinely monitoring key water quality parameters in the distribution system in a controlled and standardized manner. While proactive monitoring costs money, having water quality problems is even more costly. Water Distribution System Monitoring: A Practical Approach for Evaluating Drinking Water Quality provides a practical step-by-step approach and open-source technology for proactive water quality management. It describes a method for routinely monitoring the water distribution system by: Assembling a standardized monitoring station Planning a monitoring strategy, and Interpreting and using the water quality data Deliver safe and economical drinking water to your customers. Why wait three years to find out if the water system is in compliance with the Lead and Copper Rule? Why guess which corrosion control chemical is the right one? Why guess how much disinfection is needed in the water distribution system? Optimize your chemical usage, minimize your operational expenses, and confirm that the water is safe. Laying out a path to quality control and process improvement, this book provides the tools for well-defined and measurable control of water quality.
Author | : John H. Schnieders |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 227 |
Release | : 2003-01-01 |
Genre | : Wells |
ISBN | : 9780972675000 |