Detention by Non-State Armed Groups under International Law

Detention by Non-State Armed Groups under International Law
Author: Ezequiel Heffes
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 313
Release: 2022-02-17
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1108495664

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Explores how international law deals with detention conducted by non-State armed groups and the motivations behind these practices.

Detention by Non-State Armed Groups under International Law

Detention by Non-State Armed Groups under International Law
Author: Ezequiel Heffes
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2024-06-13
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9781108797337

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During armed conflict, non-State armed groups deprive individuals of their liberty. While this is not a new phenomenon, its pervasiveness is reflected by recent examples in Colombia, Libya, Syria, Ukraine, Mali and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Yet, examining these activities goes beyond its mere acknowledgment. It involves questions concerning their legality and the non-State armed groups' motivations when depriving individuals of their liberty. Drawing on his personal experiences while working for various humanitarian organizations, Ezequiel Heffes aims at elucidating how international law can be used as a protective tool in relation to individuals placed in detention by non-State armed groups. Based on case studies of selected groups and a normative and doctrinal analysis, he proposes minimum humanitarian principles applicable to those situations. By addressing a contemporary issue that touches upon a number of legal regimes, this study makes a valuable contribution to the law applicable in armed conflict.

Detention in Non-international Armed Conflict

Detention in Non-international Armed Conflict
Author: Lawrence Hill-Cawthorne
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 305
Release: 2016
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0198749929

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International law has long differentiated between international and non-international armed conflicts, traditionally regulating the former far more comprehensively than the latter. This is particularly stark in the case of detention, where the law of non-international armed conflict contains no rules on who may be detained, what processes must be provided to review their detention, and when they must be released. Given that non-international armed conflicts are now the most common form of conflict, this is especially worrying, and the consequences of this have been seen in the detention practices of states such as the US and UK in Iraq and Afghanistan. This book provides a comprehensive examination of the procedural rules that apply to detention in non-international armed conflict, with the focus on preventive security detention, or 'internment'. All relevant areas of international law, most notably international humanitarian law and international human rights law, are analysed in detail and the interaction between them explored. The book gives an original account of the relationship between the relevant rules of IHL and IHRL, which is firmly grounded in general international law scholarship, treating the issue as a matter of treaty interpretation. With that in mind, and with reference to State practice in specific non-international armed conflicts - including those in Sri Lanka, Colombia, Nepal, Afghanistan, and Iraq - it is demonstrated that the customary and treaty obligations of States under human rights law continue, absent derogation, to apply to detention in non-international armed conflicts. The practical operation of those rules is then explored in detail. The volume ends with a set of concrete proposals for developing the law in this area, in a manner that builds upon, rather than replaces, the existing obligations of States and non-State armed groups.

Unravelling Unlawful Confinement in Contemporary Armed Conflicts

Unravelling Unlawful Confinement in Contemporary Armed Conflicts
Author: Jelena Plamenac
Publisher: International Humanitarian Law
Total Pages: 296
Release: 2021-12-02
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9789004470538

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"It is generally accepted that detention in armed conflicts is an inevitable security measure that all warring parties use extensively in their daily operations. In such violent contexts, the legal protection afforded to detainees may be lifesaving. International humanitarian law (IHL) treaties recognise this reality in international armed conflicts by incorporating safeguards from unlawful and arbitrary detention in formulated legal grounds and procedural guarantees that the detaining powers are obliged to follow. The same guarantees are, however, not afforded to people affected by non-international armed conflicts under IHL. Instead, in the absence of a clearly defined international normative framework, security detention remains among the least regulated aspects of military behaviour in this type of armed conflict"--

Detention in Non-International Armed Conflict

Detention in Non-International Armed Conflict
Author: Lawrence Hill-Cawthorne
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 424
Release: 2016-03-24
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0191067016

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International law has long differentiated between international and non-international armed conflicts, traditionally regulating the former far more comprehensively than the latter. This is particularly stark in the case of detention, where the law of non-international armed conflict contains no rules on who may be detained, what processes must be provided to review their detention, and when they must be released. Given that non-international armed conflicts are now the most common form of conflict, this is especially worrying, and the consequences of this have been seen in the detention practices of states such as the US and UK in Iraq and Afghanistan. This book provides a comprehensive examination of the procedural rules that apply to detention in non-international armed conflict, with the focus on preventive security detention, or 'internment'. All relevant areas of international law, most notably international humanitarian law and international human rights law, are analysed in detail and the interaction between them explored. The book gives an original account of the relationship between the relevant rules of IHL and IHRL, which is firmly grounded in general international law scholarship, treating the issue as a matter of treaty interpretation. With that in mind, and with reference to State practice in specific non-international armed conflicts - including those in Sri Lanka, Colombia, Nepal, Afghanistan, and Iraq - it is demonstrated that the customary and treaty obligations of States under human rights law continue, absent derogation, to apply to detention in non-international armed conflicts. The practical operation of those rules is then explored in detail. The volume ends with a set of concrete proposals for developing the law in this area, in a manner that builds upon, rather than replaces, the existing obligations of States and non-State armed groups.

Human Rights Obligations of Non-State Armed Groups

Human Rights Obligations of Non-State Armed Groups
Author: Daragh Murray
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Total Pages: 346
Release: 2016-05-05
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1509901655

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This book is concerned with the international regulation of non-state armed groups. Specifically, it examines the possibility of subjecting armed groups to international human rights law obligations. First addressed is the means by which armed groups may be bound by international law. Of particular interest is the de facto control theory and the possibility that international law may be applied in the absence of direct treaty regulation. Application of this theory is dependent upon an armed group's establishment of an independent existence, as demonstrated by the displacement of state authority. This means that armed groups are treated as a vertical authority, thereby maintaining the established hierarchy of international regulation. At issue therefore is not a radical approach to the regulation of non-state actors, but rather a modification of the traditional means of application in response to the reality of the situation. The attribution of international human rights law obligations to armed groups is then addressed in light of potential ratione personae restrictions. International human rights law treaties are interpreted in light of the contemporary international context, on the basis that an international instrument has to be applied within the framework of the entire legal system prevailing at the time of interpretation. Armed groups' status as vertical authorities facilitates the vertical application of international human rights law in a manner consistent with both the object and purpose of the law and its foundation in human dignity. Finally, if international human rights law is to be applied to armed groups, its application must be effective in practice. A context-dependent division of responsibility between the territorial state and the armed group is proposed. The respect, protect, fulfil framework is adapted to facilitate the application of human rights obligations in a manner consistent with the control exerted by both the state and the armed group. ''Daragh Murray's book analyses the practical and theoretical difficulties associated with the topic of the international human rights obligations of non-state armed groups by considering the latest developments in this field and suggesting ways forward. His proposals are realistic and carefully argued; this book should be essential reading for anyone grappling with this subject.'' Andrew Clapham, Professor of International Law at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies.

Detention of Non-State Actors Engaged in Hostilities

Detention of Non-State Actors Engaged in Hostilities
Author: Gregory Rose
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 451
Release: 2016-08-01
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9004310649

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Detention of Non-State Actors engaged in Hostilities: The Future Law explores legal dilemmas facing detention management during military missions overseas. Armed forces increasingly find themselves facing non-international armed conflict with non-state actors, such as insurgents, terrorists or other civilians, whom they might be permitted to kill or capture in some circumstances. The book considers the legal powers of military forces to apprehend non-State actors and to hold them in ongoing detention or to transfer them to judicial authorities for prosecution. It deals with both theoretical approaches and practical case studies concerning management and treatment of detainees. It concludes by synthesizing the options and delivering a detailed set of guidelines that are proposed as emerging norms for the detention of non-state actors in an armed conflict.

The Treatment of Prisoners Under International Law

The Treatment of Prisoners Under International Law
Author: Nigel Rodley
Publisher: Oxford University Press on Demand
Total Pages: 750
Release: 2009-08-13
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0199215073

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This book deals with a specialized area of international law relating to prisoners, especially as regards the worst abuses to which they may be subject, such as torture, enforced disappearance and summary or arbitrary executions.

International Humanitarian Law and Non-State Actors

International Humanitarian Law and Non-State Actors
Author: Ezequiel Heffes
Publisher: T.M.C. Asser Press
Total Pages: 451
Release: 2021-01-06
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9789462653412

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This book challenges the traditional approach to international law by concentrating on international hThis book challenges the traditional approach to international law by concentrating on international humanitarian law and placing the focus beyond States: it reflects on current legal, policy and practical issues that concern non-State actors in and around situations of armed conflict. With the emergence of the nation-State, international law was almost entirely focused on inter-State relations, thus excluding - for the most part - non-State entities. In the modern era, such a focus needs to be adjusted, in order to encompass the various types of functions and interactions that those entities perform throughout numerous international decision-making processes. The contributions that comprise this volume are oriented towards a broad readership audience in the academic and professional fields related to international humanitarian law, international criminal law, international human rights law and general public international law. Ezequiel Heffes, LLM, is a Thematic Legal Adviser in the Policy and Legal Unit at Geneva Call in Geneva, Switzerland, Marcos D. Kotlik, LLM, is Academic Coordinator at the Observatory of International Humanitarian Law of the University of Buenos Aires, School of Law and was a Judicial Fellow at the International Court of Justice between 2018-2019, and Manuel J. Ventura, LLM (Hons), is an Associate Legal Officer in the Office of the Prosecutor at the International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals, an Adjunct Fellow at the School of Law at Western Sydney University, and a Director of The Peace and Justice Initiative.