Derivatives Pricing and Model Calibration Using Continuous Time Markov Chain Approximation Model

Derivatives Pricing and Model Calibration Using Continuous Time Markov Chain Approximation Model
Author: Chia Lo
Publisher:
Total Pages: 43
Release: 2014
Genre:
ISBN:

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We propose a non-equidistant Q rate matrix setting formula such that a well-defined continuous time Markov chain can lead to excellent approximations to jump-diffusions with affine or non-affine functional specifications. This approach also accommodates state-dependent jump intensity and jump distribution, a fexibility that is very hard to achieve with traditional numerical methods. Our approach not only satisfies Kushner (1990) local consistency conditions but also resolves the approximation errors induced by Piccioni (1987) scheme. European stock option pricing examples based on jump-diffusions illustrate the ease of implementation of our model. The proposed algorithm for pricing American options highlights the speed and accuracy. Finally the empirical analysis using daily VIX data shows that the maximum likelihood estimates of the underlying jump-diffusions can be efficiently computed by the model proposed in this article.

Continuous-Time Markov Chain and Regime Switching Approximations with Applications to Options Pricing

Continuous-Time Markov Chain and Regime Switching Approximations with Applications to Options Pricing
Author: Zhenyu Cui
Publisher:
Total Pages: 32
Release: 2019
Genre:
ISBN:

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In this chapter, we present recent developments in using the tools of continuous-time Markov chains for the valuation of European and path-dependent financial derivatives. We also survey results on a newly proposed regime switching approximation to stochastic volatility, and stochastic local volatility models. The presented framework is part of an exciting recent stream of literature on numerical option pricing, and offers a new perspective that combines the theory of diffusion processes, Markov chains, and Fourier techniques. It is also elegantly connected to partial differential equation (PDE) approaches.

A General Continuous Time Markov Chain Approximation for Multi-Asset Option Pricing With Systems of Correlated Diffusions

A General Continuous Time Markov Chain Approximation for Multi-Asset Option Pricing With Systems of Correlated Diffusions
Author: Justin Kirkby
Publisher:
Total Pages: 29
Release: 2020
Genre:
ISBN:

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Continuous time Markov Chain (CTMC) approximation techniques have received increasing attention in the option pricing literature, due to their ability to solve complex pricing problems, although existing approaches are mostly limited to one or two dimensions. This paper develops a general methodology for modeling and pricing financial derivatives which depend on systems of stochastic diffusion processes. This is accomplished with a general de-correlation procedure, which reduces the system of correlated diffusions to an uncorrelated system. This enables simple and efficient approximation of the driving processes by uni-variate CTMC approximations. Weak convergence of the approximation is demonstrated, with second order convergence in space. Numerical experiments demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the method for various European and early-exercise options in two and three dimensions.

Option Pricing and Estimation of Financial Models with R

Option Pricing and Estimation of Financial Models with R
Author: Stefano M. Iacus
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 402
Release: 2011-02-23
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1119990203

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Presents inference and simulation of stochastic process in the field of model calibration for financial times series modelled by continuous time processes and numerical option pricing. Introduces the bases of probability theory and goes on to explain how to model financial times series with continuous models, how to calibrate them from discrete data and further covers option pricing with one or more underlying assets based on these models. Analysis and implementation of models goes beyond the standard Black and Scholes framework and includes Markov switching models, Lévy models and other models with jumps (e.g. the telegraph process); Topics other than option pricing include: volatility and covariation estimation, change point analysis, asymptotic expansion and classification of financial time series from a statistical viewpoint. The book features problems with solutions and examples. All the examples and R code are available as an additional R package, therefore all the examples can be reproduced.

Modeling, Stochastic Control, Optimization, and Applications

Modeling, Stochastic Control, Optimization, and Applications
Author: George Yin
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 599
Release: 2019-07-16
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 3030254984

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This volume collects papers, based on invited talks given at the IMA workshop in Modeling, Stochastic Control, Optimization, and Related Applications, held at the Institute for Mathematics and Its Applications, University of Minnesota, during May and June, 2018. There were four week-long workshops during the conference. They are (1) stochastic control, computation methods, and applications, (2) queueing theory and networked systems, (3) ecological and biological applications, and (4) finance and economics applications. For broader impacts, researchers from different fields covering both theoretically oriented and application intensive areas were invited to participate in the conference. It brought together researchers from multi-disciplinary communities in applied mathematics, applied probability, engineering, biology, ecology, and networked science, to review, and substantially update most recent progress. As an archive, this volume presents some of the highlights of the workshops, and collect papers covering a broad range of topics.

Analysis of Markov Chain Approximation for Option Pricing and Hedging

Analysis of Markov Chain Approximation for Option Pricing and Hedging
Author: Lingfei Li
Publisher:
Total Pages: 38
Release: 2017
Genre:
ISBN:

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Continuous time Markov chain (CTMC) approximation is an intuitive and powerful method for pricing options in general Markovian models. This paper analyzes how grid design affects the convergence behavior of barrier and European options in general diffusion models. Using the spectral method, we obtain sharp estimates for the convergence rate of option price for non-uniform grids. We propose to calculate an option's delta and gamma by taking central difference of option prices on the grid. For this simple method, we prove that, surprisingly, delta and gamma converge at the same rate as option price does. Our analysis allows us to develop principles that are sufficient and necessary for designing nonuniform grids that can achieve second order convergence for option price, delta and gamma. Based on these principles, we propose a novel class of non-uniform grids, which ensures that convergence is not only second order, but also smooth. This further allows extrapolation to be applied to achieve even higher convergence rate. Our grids enable the CTMC approximation method to price and hedge a large number of options with different strikes fast and accurately. Applicability of our results to jump models is discussed through numerical examples.

The Oxford Handbook of Credit Derivatives

The Oxford Handbook of Credit Derivatives
Author: Alexander Lipton
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Total Pages: 704
Release: 2013-01-17
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0191648248

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From the late 1990s, the spectacular growth of a secondary market for credit through derivatives has been matched by the emergence of mathematical modelling analysing the credit risk embedded in these contracts. This book aims to provide a broad and deep overview of this modelling, covering statistical analysis and techniques, modelling of default of both single and multiple entities, counterparty risk, Gaussian and non-Gaussian modelling, and securitisation. Both reduced-form and firm-value models for the default of single entities are considered in detail, with extensive discussion of both their theoretical underpinnings and practical usage in pricing and risk. For multiple entity modelling, the now notorious Gaussian copula is discussed with analysis of its shortcomings, as well as a wide range of alternative approaches including multivariate extensions to both firm-value and reduced form models, and continuous-time Markov chains. One important case of multiple entities modelling - counterparty risk in credit derivatives - is further explored in two dedicated chapters. Alternative non-Gaussian approaches to modelling are also discussed, including extreme-value theory and saddle-point approximations to deal with tail risk. Finally, the recent growth in securitisation is covered, including house price modelling and pricing models for asset-backed CDOs. The current credit crisis has brought modelling of the previously arcane credit markets into the public arena. Lipton and Rennie with their excellent team of contributors, provide a timely discussion of the mathematical modelling that underpins both credit derivatives and securitisation. Though technical in nature, the pros and cons of various approaches attempt to provide a balanced view of the role that mathematical modelling plays in the modern credit markets. This book will appeal to students and researchers in statistics, economics, and finance, as well as practitioners, credit traders, and quantitative analysts

Financial Derivatives Modeling

Financial Derivatives Modeling
Author: Christian Ekstrand
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 320
Release: 2011-08-26
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 3642221556

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This book gives a comprehensive introduction to the modeling of financial derivatives, covering all major asset classes (equities, commodities, interest rates and foreign exchange) and stretching from Black and Scholes' lognormal modeling to current-day research on skew and smile models. The intended reader has a solid mathematical background and is a graduate/final-year undergraduate student specializing in Mathematical Finance, or works at a financial institution such as an investment bank or a hedge fund.

Credit Derivatives Pricing Models

Credit Derivatives Pricing Models
Author: Philipp J. Schönbucher
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 403
Release: 2003-06-13
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0470842911

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The credit derivatives market is booming and, for the first time, expanding into the banking sector which previously has had very little exposure to quantitative modeling. This phenomenon has forced a large number of professionals to confront this issue for the first time. Credit Derivatives Pricing Models provides an extremely comprehensive overview of the most current areas in credit risk modeling as applied to the pricing of credit derivatives. As one of the first books to uniquely focus on pricing, this title is also an excellent complement to other books on the application of credit derivatives. Based on proven techniques that have been tested time and again, this comprehensive resource provides readers with the knowledge and guidance to effectively use credit derivatives pricing models. Filled with relevant examples that are applied to real-world pricing problems, Credit Derivatives Pricing Models paves a clear path for a better understanding of this complex issue. Dr. Philipp J. Schönbucher is a professor at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, and has degrees in mathematics from Oxford University and a PhD in economics from Bonn University. He has taught various training courses organized by ICM and CIFT, and lectured at risk conferences for practitioners on credit derivatives pricing, credit risk modeling, and implementation.