Conversion Of Absorbed Dose Calibration For Graphite Into Water
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Author | : J. E. Burns |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : 1990 |
Genre | : Measurement |
ISBN | : |
Download Conversion of Absorbed-dose Calibration for Graphite Into Water Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Author | : nist |
Publisher | : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform |
Total Pages | : 54 |
Release | : 2013-12-11 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 9781494461591 |
Download Absorbed Dose to Water Calibration of Ionization Chambers in a 60co Gamma-ray Beam Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Absorbed-dose-to-water calibrations are important to the medical community to facilitate the accurate determination of doses delivered to tumors during external-beam cancer therapy. The first version of this document offered an absorbed-dose-to-water calibration service based on a graphite calorimeter as the primary standard. However, the use of this calorimeter necessitated calculations to convert the measurement from graphite to water. In 1989, a water calorimeter was introduced at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), which was to replace the graphite calorimeter as the primary standard. Though the calculations necessary for conversion factors were eliminated with this new technology, a calibration service based on the water calorimeter was not developed at this time. Despite the fact that the service was available, the medical physics community did not take advantage of it and used chambers calibrated in terms of exposure (in units of roentgen) to calibrate their radiotherapy 60Co and high-energy electron accelerator x-ray. A protocol, commonly known as TG21, developed by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM), involves many calculations to arrive at the quantity desired by the medical physicist in the practicing clinic, cGy/MU (centiGray/monitor unit). The AAPM has initiated a new protocol through Task Group 51 which involves absorbed-dose-to-water calibrations of ion chambers commonly used in the calibration of the clinical radiotherapy photon and electron beams.NIST has developed and is now prepared to offer the absorbed-dose-towater calibration service for ionization chambers based on a water calorimeter standard developed by Steve Domen at NIST. This document outlines the steps that have been taken to develop this service including a brief description of the Domen water calorimeter. The procedures that are involved in the calibration of an ionization chamber for this quantity are presented along with results from recent comparisons of the NIST with the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) in France and the National Radiation Council Canada (NRCC).
Author | : Gad Shani |
Publisher | : CRC Press |
Total Pages | : 506 |
Release | : 2000-12-28 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 0849315050 |
Download Radiation Dosimetry Instrumentation and Methods Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Radiation dosimetry has made great progress in the last decade, mainly because radiation therapy is much more widely used. Since the first edition, many new developments have been made in the basic methods for dosimetry, i.e. ionization chambers, TLD, chemical dosimeters, and photographic films. Radiation Dosimetry: Instrumentation and Methods, Second Edition brings to the reader these latest developments. Written at a high level for medical physicists, engineers, and advanced dosimetrists, it concentrates only on evolvement during the last decade, relying on the first edition to provide the basics.
Author | : Gad Shani |
Publisher | : CRC Press |
Total Pages | : 500 |
Release | : 2017-11-22 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 1351358626 |
Download Radiation Dosimetry Instrumentation and Methods (2001) Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Radiation dosimetry has made great progress in the last decade, mainly because radiation therapy is much more widely used. Since the first edition, many new developments have been made in the basic methods for dosimetry, i.e. ionization chambers, TLD, chemical dosimeters, and photographic films. Radiation Dosimetry: Instrumentation and Methods, Second Edition brings to the reader these latest developments. Written at a high level for medical physicists, engineers, and advanced dosimetrists, it concentrates only on evolvement during the last decade, relying on the first edition to provide the basics.
Author | : Dinesh Kumar Aswal |
Publisher | : Springer Nature |
Total Pages | : 776 |
Release | : |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9819727995 |
Download Handbook on Radiation Environment, Volume 2 Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Author | : International Atomic Energy Agency |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 712 |
Release | : 1994 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : |
Download Measurement Assurance in Dosimetry Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Proceedings of a symposium, Vienna, 24-27 May 1993. Accurate dosimetry is of great importance for applications of radiation in medicine. The symposium covered all the various steps required in the calibration chain to determine the absorbed dose in radiotherapy. Different calibration procedures at primary and secondary standard laboratories were discussed, and reports were presented on dose intercomparisons based on different national and international protocols. Analyses of the accuracy of various interaction coefficients were also presented. The final session dealt with the special problems of diagnostic X ray dosimetry.
Author | : Andreas Kling |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 1200 |
Release | : 2014-02-22 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3642182119 |
Download Advanced Monte Carlo for Radiation Physics, Particle Transport Simulation and Applications Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
This book focuses on the state of the art of Monte Carlo methods in radiation physics and particle transport simulation and applications. Special attention is paid to algorithm development for modeling, and the analysis of experiments and measurements in a variety of fields.
Author | : Eva Bezak |
Publisher | : Charles C Thomas Publisher |
Total Pages | : 1384 |
Release | : 2021-03-01 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 039809294X |
Download Johns and Cunningham's The Physics of Radiology Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
The fifth edition of this respected book encompasses all the advances and changes that have been made since it was last revised. It not only presents new ideas and information, it shifts its emphases to accurately reflect the inevitably changing perspectives in the field engendered by progress in the understanding of radiological physics. The rapid development of computing technology in the three decades since the publication of the fourth edition has enabled the equally rapid expansion of radiology, radiation oncology, nuclear medicine and radiobiology. The understanding of these clinical disciplines is dependent on an appreciation of the underlying physics. The basic radiation physics of relevance to clinical oncology, radiology and nuclear medicine has undergone little change over the last 70 years, so much of the material in the introductory chapters retains the essential flavour of the fourth edition, updated as required. This book is written to help the practitioners in these fields understand the physical science, as well as to serve as a basic tool for physics students who intend working as medical radiation physicists in these clinical fields. It is the authors’ hope that students and practitioners alike will find the fifth edition of The Physics of Radiology lucid and straightforward.
Author | : United States. National Bureau of Standards |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 784 |
Release | : 1988 |
Genre | : Chemistry |
ISBN | : |
Download Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Author | : International Atomic Energy Agency |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 260 |
Release | : 2000 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : |
Download Absorbed Dose Determination in External Beam Radiotherapy Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
This Code of Practice, which has also been endorsed by WHO, PAHO and ESTRO, fulfils the need for a systematic and internationally unified approach to the calibration of ionization chambers in terms of absorbed dose to water and to the use of these detectors in determining the absorbed dose to water for the radiation beams used in radiotherapy. It provides a methodology for the determination of absorbed dose to water in the low, medium and high energy photon beams, electron beams, proton beams and heavy ion beams used for external radiation therapy.