Canada and the United States explains, across fifteen diverse areas, why and how Canada and the United States are still so different. The book discusses whether or not these differences are growing, the key results of such differences, and the major challenges to be faced in each system. Focusing on institutions, political cultures, and social values, the book shows how both federal systems are extremely complex and how our institutions, cultures, and historical experiences often lead to very different outcomes. The fifth edition discusses the emergence of vital new issues, including the pandemic and its effects, climate change, energy requirements, increasing international tensions, and new trade problems. This book also reviews massive budgetary changes, new forms of protest emerging in Canada, and an ongoing political crisis in the US instigated bya former president convincing millions that the 2020 election was a hoax. Written by leading scholars in their field, Canada and the United States reveals how the two countries compare when dealing with similar problems that often spill across the border.