Studying turbulent combustion at the fundamental level is a primary requirement to construct robust, accurate, efficient models to predict the performance of complex combustion systems. Laser based diagnostics offer significant advantage of probing multiple facets of the combustion processes simultaneously and are capable of providing quantitative information of the highly coupled phenomenon. Design of a vitiated co-flow burner is presented for laser diagnostics of turbulent flames. A foundation was laid to be able to perform Rayleigh scattering, Coherent Ani-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy, Heterodyne velocimetry and Particle scattering. Experiment facilities were developed and tests were performed for feasibility, and performance of test equipment. The present work focused on developing facilities for combined diagnostics of, temperature, species, concentration and velocity measurement. Machine vision cameras were studied for their performance with Rayleigh scattering for temperature, high resolution spectrometer is put to test to resolve rotational/vibrational bands from chemiluminesence for species concentration. An optical design for Narrowband CARS is presented. An experimental setup for multiphase turbulent flow is presented and methods were developed for image analysis in a multiphase turbulent flow. An experimental setup for simultaneous measurement of gas species concentration, particle concentration and particle velocity is presented. The final section discusses analysis of diode lasers and optics to perform seedless Laser Heterodyne Velocimetry. The current work also discusses some of the common problems and solutions for laboratory experiments using laser diagnostics.