Coding and Redundancy

Coding and Redundancy
Author: Jack P. Hailman
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Total Pages: 280
Release: 2008-05-31
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 9780674027954
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This book explores the strikingly similar ways in which information is encoded in nonverbal man-made signals (e.g., traffic lights and tornado sirens) and animal-evolved signals (e.g., color patterns and vocalizations). The book also considers some coding principles for reducing certain unwanted redundancies and explains how desirable redundancies enhance communication reliability. Jack Hailman believes this work pioneers several aspects of analyzing human and animal communication. The book is the first to survey man-made signals as a class. It is also the first to compare such human-devised systems with signaling in animals by showing the highly similar ways in which the two encode information. A third innovation is generalizing principles of quantitative information theory to apply to a broad range of signaling systems. Finally, another first is distinguishing among types of redundancy and their separation into unwanted and desirable categories. This remarkably novel book will be of interest to a wide readership. Appealing not only to specialists in semiotics, animal behavior, psychology, and allied fields but also to general readers, it serves as an introduction to animal signaling and to an important class of human communication.

Fault-Tolerant Systems

Fault-Tolerant Systems
Author: Israel Koren
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 399
Release: 2010-07-19
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 0080492681
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Fault-Tolerant Systems is the first book on fault tolerance design with a systems approach to both hardware and software. No other text on the market takes this approach, nor offers the comprehensive and up-to-date treatment that Koren and Krishna provide. This book incorporates case studies that highlight six different computer systems with fault-tolerance techniques implemented in their design. A complete ancillary package is available to lecturers, including online solutions manual for instructors and PowerPoint slides. Students, designers, and architects of high performance processors will value this comprehensive overview of the field. The first book on fault tolerance design with a systems approach Comprehensive coverage of both hardware and software fault tolerance, as well as information and time redundancy Incorporated case studies highlight six different computer systems with fault-tolerance techniques implemented in their design Available to lecturers is a complete ancillary package including online solutions manual for instructors and PowerPoint slides

Software Architect’s Handbook

Software Architect’s Handbook
Author: Joseph Ingeno
Publisher: Packt Publishing Ltd
Total Pages: 584
Release: 2018-08-30
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1788627679
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A comprehensive guide to exploring software architecture concepts and implementing best practices Key Features Enhance your skills to grow your career as a software architect Design efficient software architectures using patterns and best practices Learn how software architecture relates to an organization as well as software development methodology Book Description The Software Architect’s Handbook is a comprehensive guide to help developers, architects, and senior programmers advance their career in the software architecture domain. This book takes you through all the important concepts, right from design principles to different considerations at various stages of your career in software architecture. The book begins by covering the fundamentals, benefits, and purpose of software architecture. You will discover how software architecture relates to an organization, followed by identifying its significant quality attributes. Once you have covered the basics, you will explore design patterns, best practices, and paradigms for efficient software development. The book discusses which factors you need to consider for performance and security enhancements. You will learn to write documentation for your architectures and make appropriate decisions when considering DevOps. In addition to this, you will explore how to design legacy applications before understanding how to create software architectures that evolve as the market, business requirements, frameworks, tools, and best practices change over time. By the end of this book, you will not only have studied software architecture concepts but also built the soft skills necessary to grow in this field. What you will learn Design software architectures using patterns and best practices Explore the different considerations for designing software architecture Discover what it takes to continuously improve as a software architect Create loosely coupled systems that can support change Understand DevOps and how it affects software architecture Integrate, refactor, and re-architect legacy applications Who this book is for The Software Architect’s Handbook is for you if you are a software architect, chief technical officer (CTO), or senior developer looking to gain a firm grasp of software architecture.

Beyond Redundancy

Beyond Redundancy
Author: Eric Bauer
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 330
Release: 2011-09-26
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 9781118104934
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While geographic redundancy can obviously be a huge benefit for disaster recovery, it is far less obvious what benefit is feasible and likely for more typical non-catastrophic hardware, software, and human failures. Georedundancy and Service Availability provides both a theoretical and practical treatment of the feasible and likely benefits of geographic redundancy for both service availability and service reliability. The text provides network/system planners, IS/IT operations folks, system architects, system engineers, developers, testers, and other industry practitioners with a general discussion about the capital expense/operating expense tradeoff that frames system redundancy and georedundancy.

Parameter Redundancy and Identifiability

Parameter Redundancy and Identifiability
Author: Diana Cole
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 273
Release: 2020-05-10
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 1498720900
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Statistical and mathematical models are defined by parameters that describe different characteristics of those models. Ideally it would be possible to find parameter estimates for every parameter in that model, but, in some cases, this is not possible. For example, two parameters that only ever appear in the model as a product could not be estimated individually; only the product can be estimated. Such a model is said to be parameter redundant, or the parameters are described as non-identifiable. This book explains why parameter redundancy and non-identifiability is a problem and the different methods that can be used for detection, including in a Bayesian context. Key features of this book: Detailed discussion of the problems caused by parameter redundancy and non-identifiability Explanation of the different general methods for detecting parameter redundancy and non-identifiability, including symbolic algebra and numerical methods Chapter on Bayesian identifiability Throughout illustrative examples are used to clearly demonstrate each problem and method. Maple and R code are available for these examples More in-depth focus on the areas of discrete and continuous state-space models and ecological statistics, including methods that have been specifically developed for each of these areas This book is designed to make parameter redundancy and non-identifiability accessible and understandable to a wide audience from masters and PhD students to researchers, from mathematicians and statisticians to practitioners using mathematical or statistical models.

Designing Secure Software

Designing Secure Software
Author: Loren Kohnfelder
Publisher: No Starch Press
Total Pages: 330
Release: 2021-12-21
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1718501935
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What every software professional should know about security. Designing Secure Software consolidates Loren Kohnfelder’s more than twenty years of experience into a concise, elegant guide to improving the security of technology products. Written for a wide range of software professionals, it emphasizes building security into software design early and involving the entire team in the process. The book begins with a discussion of core concepts like trust, threats, mitigation, secure design patterns, and cryptography. The second part, perhaps this book’s most unique and important contribution to the field, covers the process of designing and reviewing a software design with security considerations in mind. The final section details the most common coding flaws that create vulnerabilities, making copious use of code snippets written in C and Python to illustrate implementation vulnerabilities. You’ll learn how to: • Identify important assets, the attack surface, and the trust boundaries in a system • Evaluate the effectiveness of various threat mitigation candidates • Work with well-known secure coding patterns and libraries • Understand and prevent vulnerabilities like XSS and CSRF, memory flaws, and more • Use security testing to proactively identify vulnerabilities introduced into code • Review a software design for security flaws effectively and without judgment Kohnfelder’s career, spanning decades at Microsoft and Google, introduced numerous software security initiatives, including the co-creation of the STRIDE threat modeling framework used widely today. This book is a modern, pragmatic consolidation of his best practices, insights, and ideas about the future of software.

Characterizing the Redundancy of Universal Source Coding for Finite-length Sequences

Characterizing the Redundancy of Universal Source Coding for Finite-length Sequences
Author: Ahmad Beirami
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2011
Genre: Communication
ISBN:
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In this thesis, we first study what is the average redundancy resulting from the universal compression of a single finite-length sequence from an unknown source. In the universal compression of a source with d unknown parameters, Rissanen demonstrated that the expected redundancy for regular codes is asymptotically d/2 log n + o(log n) for almost all sources, where n is the sequence length. Clarke and Barron also derived the asymptotic average minimax redundancy for memoryless sources. The average minimax redundancy is concerned with the redundancy of the worst parameter vector for the best code. Thus, it does not provide much information about the effect of the different source parameter values. Our treatment in this thesis is probabilistic. In particular, we derive a lower bound on the probability measure of the event that a sequence of length n from an FSMX source chosen using Jeffreys' prior is compressed with a redundancy larger than a certain fraction of d/2 log n. Further, our results show that the average minimax redundancy provides good estimate for the average redundancy of most sources for large enough n and d. On the other hand, when the source parameter d is small the average minimax redundancy overestimates the average redundancy for small to moderate length sequences. Additionally, we precisely characterize the average minimax redundancy of universal coding when the coding scheme is restricted to be from the family of two--stage codes, where we show that the two--stage assumption incurs a negligible redundancy for small and moderate length n unless the number of source parameters is small.\r : %We show that redundancy is significant in the compression of small sequences. Our results, collectively, help to characterize the non-negligible redundancy resulting from the compression of small and moderate length sequences. Next, we apply these results to the compression of a small to moderate length sequence provided that the context present in a sequence of length M from the same source is memorized. We quantify the achievable performance improvement in the universal compression of the small to moderate length sequence using context memorization.

Visual Media Coding and Transmission

Visual Media Coding and Transmission
Author: Ahmet Kondoz
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 588
Release: 2009-04-01
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0470740655
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This book presents the state-of-the-art in visual media coding and transmission Visual Media Coding and Transmission is an output of VISNET II NoE, which is an EC IST-FP6 collaborative research project by twelve esteemed institutions from across Europe in the fields of networked audiovisual systems and home platforms. The authors provide information that will be essential for the future study and development of visual media communications technologies. The book contains details of video coding principles, which lead to advanced video coding developments in the form of Scalable Coding, Distributed Video Coding, Non-Normative Video Coding Tools and Transform Based Multi-View Coding. Having detailed the latest work in Visual Media Coding, networking aspects of Video Communication is detailed. Various Wireless Channel Models are presented to form the basis for both link level quality of service (QoS) and cross network transmission of compressed visual data. Finally, Context-Based Visual Media Content Adaptation is discussed with some examples. Key Features: Contains the latest advances in this important field covered by VISNET II NoE Addresses the latest multimedia signal processing and coding algorithms Covers all important advance video coding techniques, scalable and multiple description coding, distributed video coding and non-normative tools Discusses visual media networking with various wireless channel models QoS methods by way of link adaptation techniques are detailed with examples Presents a visual media content adaptation platform, which is both context aware and digital rights management enabled Contains contributions from highly respected academic and industrial organizations Visual Media Coding and Transmission will benefit researchers and engineers in the wireless communications and signal processing fields. It will also be of interest to graduate and PhD students on media processing, coding and communications courses.

Fundamentals of Data Visualization

Fundamentals of Data Visualization
Author: Claus O. Wilke
Publisher: O'Reilly Media
Total Pages: 390
Release: 2019-03-18
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1492031054
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Effective visualization is the best way to communicate information from the increasingly large and complex datasets in the natural and social sciences. But with the increasing power of visualization software today, scientists, engineers, and business analysts often have to navigate a bewildering array of visualization choices and options. This practical book takes you through many commonly encountered visualization problems, and it provides guidelines on how to turn large datasets into clear and compelling figures. What visualization type is best for the story you want to tell? How do you make informative figures that are visually pleasing? Author Claus O. Wilke teaches you the elements most critical to successful data visualization. Explore the basic concepts of color as a tool to highlight, distinguish, or represent a value Understand the importance of redundant coding to ensure you provide key information in multiple ways Use the book’s visualizations directory, a graphical guide to commonly used types of data visualizations Get extensive examples of good and bad figures Learn how to use figures in a document or report and how employ them effectively to tell a compelling story