Choosing Sensitive Agricultural Products in Trade Negotiations

Choosing Sensitive Agricultural Products in Trade Negotiations
Author: Sebastien Jean
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2012
Genre:
ISBN:

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The formula approach used in many trade negotiations involves large formula cuts in high tariffs, with flexibilities that allow smaller cuts for selected products. Difficulties in evaluating the effects of these exceptions can create major problems. We use a political-economy welfare function and detailed data on the current WTO agricultural negotiations to assess the implications of this approach for welfare and for market access. We find that some previous rules of thumb greatly underestimate the impacts of such exceptions. Indeed, treating even a small number of tariff lines as sensitive and subjecting them to reduced cuts has a sharply adverse impact on welfare, and a smaller but still negative impact on market access.

Formulas and Flexibility in Trade Negotiations

Formulas and Flexibility in Trade Negotiations
Author: Sebastien Jean
Publisher:
Total Pages: 36
Release: 2017
Genre:
ISBN:

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Many trade negotiations involve large cuts in high tariffs, with flexibilities allowing much smaller cuts for an agreed number of politically-sensitive products. The effects of these flexibilities on market access opportunities are difficult to predict, creating particular problems for developing countries in assessing whether to support a proposed agreement. Some widely-used ad hoc approaches to identifying likely sensitive products -- such as the highest-bound-tariff rule -- suggest that the impacts of a limited number of such exceptions on average tariffs and on market access are likely to be minor. This paper uses a rigorous specification based on the apparent objectives of policy makers in setting the pre-negotiation tariff. Applying this approach with detailed data allows the authors to assess the implications of sensitive-product provisions for average agricultural tariffs, economic welfare, and market access under the Doha negotiations. The authors conclude that highest-tariff rules are likely to seriously underestimate the impacts on average tariffs, and that treating even 2 percent of tariff lines as sensitive is likely to have a sharply adverse impact on economic welfare. The impacts on market access are also adverse, but much smaller, perhaps reflecting the mercantilist focus of the negotiating process.

International Trade in Agricultural Products

International Trade in Agricultural Products
Author: Michael Reed
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2016-01-07
Genre: Agriculture and state
ISBN: 9781519738097

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International Trade is vital to the agricultural sector in many countries of the world, especially the United States. International trade allows productive capacity in agriculture to expand without seriously eroding prices, and there is no question that trade will become more critical to many nations in the future. It is surprising, then, that there is no up-to-date text book at the undergraduate or graduate level that provides a complete treatment of the major issues in international agricultural trade. This book is an effort to provide that complete treatment.This book covers all the essential topics for an agricultural trade policy course: gains from trade, agricultural trade policies (of exporters and importers), exchange rates, and multilateral trade negotiations. These have been key elements in agricultural trade classes for decades. These topics are fundamental to understanding how the current trade regime works and which parties benefit and lose as the regime changes.The book also presents concepts on issues that have become more important to a fundamental understanding of agricultural trade: the environment, preferential trade agreements, technical barriers, and flexible exchange rates. Without a clear understanding of these new issues in agricultural trade, one cannot fathom where world agriculture has been and is going.The final four chapters of the book cover company issues that shed light on what helps firms succeed in international markets. This should help instructors who teach in programs that are more agribusiness oriented. The chapters on foreign direct investment and competitiveness take a large-picture view of factors influencing firm behavior and success, while the chapters on export analysis and strategy are oriented toward steps that firms must take in entering and expanding their international markets.The chapters on Europe and China are quite different than the others. The European Union is mentioned throughout the book, so it is important to understand the unique E.U. context. China has been such a large focus for food markets in recent years that it also merits a chapter. One cannot understand world agricultural markets without understanding these important countries.This text is written for those who have had an intermediate microeconomics class because trade issues can be understood best through extensive graphical analysis. The book attempts to make linkages back to everyday life through examples and case studies so that the learning experience is enhanced. Any professor can find numerous current events that support the chapters during a typical semester.

Negotiating Free-trade Agreements

Negotiating Free-trade Agreements
Author: Walter Goode
Publisher:
Total Pages: 208
Release: 2009
Genre: Australia
ISBN: 9781921244957

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Agricultural Trade Policy and Food Security in the Caribbean

Agricultural Trade Policy and Food Security in the Caribbean
Author: Deep Ford
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Total Pages: 372
Release: 2007
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9789251057476

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Agricultural trade is a major factor determining food security in Caribbean countries. In these small open economies, exports are essential, whilst imports provide a large part of the food supply. This book examines various dimensions of trade policy and related issues and suggests policies to address trade and food security and rural development linkages. It is as a guide and reference documents for agricultural trade policy analysts, trade negotiators, policy-makers and planners in both the public and private sectors.

Agricultural Trade Reform and the Doha Development Agenda

Agricultural Trade Reform and the Doha Development Agenda
Author: Kym Anderson
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 442
Release: 2005-11-16
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0821362402

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Providing the most complete and up to date analysis of the range of agricultural issues under negotiation in the multilateral trade negotiations underway in the World Trade Organization (WTO), this title is a valuable resource to policymakers, agricultural private sector, and academics in developing and assessing the negotiating options.