Basic Studies of Nonlinear Optical Materials for Eye and Sensor Protection

Basic Studies of Nonlinear Optical Materials for Eye and Sensor Protection
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 34
Release: 2000
Genre:
ISBN:
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We have studied the basic spectroscopy, kinetics and nonlinear optical properties of a set of power limiting materials, which include six metallobenzoporphyrins and ten donor-acceptor azulenic molecules. These compounds are known to have highly polarizable it-electrons, and therefore are expected to have nonlinear coefficients suitable for utilization in optical limiting devices. In order to diagnose the optical limiting properties of the materials, we developed new two-dimensional Z-scan technique. This technique allows us to measure separately real and imaginary parts of the third order nonlinear susceptibility X(3) of the materials, using arbitrarily beam shaped laser pulse and arbitrary sample thickness. In addition, the beam profile evolution anywhere inside the optical limiting material can be extracted accurately using 2D Z-scan technique. We have tested this technique using Gaussian and non-Gaussian special beam distributions, thin and thick samples, and applied it to the molecules studied. Some of the molecules showed high nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction at the wavelength of the experiment 527 nm.

Eye/Sensor Protection Against Laser Irradiation Organic Nonlinear Optical Materials

Eye/Sensor Protection Against Laser Irradiation Organic Nonlinear Optical Materials
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 99
Release: 1989
Genre:
ISBN:
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Recent developments in organic nonlinear optical materials for application to eye and sensor protection are reviewed. This compendium includes a brief discussion of the functioning of the eye, delineation of some of the important eye protection parameters and an introduction to the origin of nonlinear optical effects and how they are measured. Specific examples of proposed or prototyped protection devices are also presented. A compilation of noteworthy organic third-order nonlinear optical materials is included as an appendix. Lasers are playing an important and increasing role in modern society. Their present uses range from compact disc players to optical data-storage and communication systems. Because of this wide-spread use, the continuing expansion of lasers into other arenas and the low damage thresholds of human eyes and electro-optic sensors, there is increasing concern about eye and sensor protection from laser irradiation.

New Materials and Structures for Nonlinear Optics

New Materials and Structures for Nonlinear Optics
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2001
Genre:
ISBN:
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The goal of this research project is to develop novel optical materials and related structures with superior properties for use in nonlinear optics. This work is motivated by the need for high quality materials with large nonlinear coefficients for use in nonlinear and photonics devices and by the realization that new structures developed in recent years provide the possibility for new types of nonlinear optical devices and interactions. Devices that could benefit from these new and improved materials include eye/sensor protect ion devices, optical switches, and phase conjugating aberration correction devices.

Directory of Research Grants 2008

Directory of Research Grants 2008
Author: Schoolhouse Partners Llc
Publisher: AuthorHouse
Total Pages: 594
Release: 2008-05
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1434384489
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It was the 50s and life was simple, until September 25, 1954. That was the night that would be etched in the memory of the citizens of Stanfield, Massachusetts. The Chief of Police described the brutal savagery of the double homicide as "the most atrocious crime in the history of the city." A fourteen-year-old girl, and the four-year-old boy in her care were murdered at the hands of a deranged, depraved killer. A Thread of Evidence places the reader at the scene of the crime, an eye witness to the senseless stabbing of two innocent children. With a piece of crochet thread as their only clue, the entire police department, lead by detectives Steven Logan and Raymond Gage, scour the city in search of a maniacal savage. When all tips and leads have been exhausted, they review all evidence. They come back to the thread. The only real evidence. With tenacity and perseverance of Logan and Gage the killer is apprehended. The reader experiences the twists and turns of the investigation, and ultimately occupies a reserved seat in the Superior Court as the trial proceedings commence. A Thread of Evidence has been written as fiction, but inspired by an actual event. Fifty years later, it remains etched in the minds of all who had lived in the area. The author has researched court records, newspapers, interviewed neighbors, police and has drawn on personal recollections of the crime. The story has been recounted over and over and to this day, it continues to be discussed. A Thread of Evidence is a compelling account of superb detective work, and unprecedented dedication of an entire police department.

Nonlinear Optical Materials: Principles and Applications

Nonlinear Optical Materials: Principles and Applications
Author: Società italiana di fisica
Publisher: IOS Press
Total Pages: 512
Release: 1995
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1614992126
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Nonlinear optical materials play a pivotal role in the future evolution of nonlinear optics in general and its impact in technology and industrial applications in particular. The progress in nonlinear optics has been tremendous since the first demonstration of an all-optical nonlinear effect in the early sixties, but until recently the main visible emphasis was on the physical aspects of the nonlinear radiation matter interaction. In the last decade, however, this effort has also brought its fruits in applied aspects of nonlinear optics. This can be essentially traced to the improvement of the performances of the nonlinear optical materials. Our understanding of the nonlinear polarization mechanisms and their relation to the structural characteristics of the materials has been considerably improved. In addition, the new development of techniques for the fabrication and growth of artificial materials has dramatically contributed to this evolution. The goal is to find and develop materials presenting large nonlinearities and satisfying at the same time all the technological requirements for applications such as wide transparency range, fast response, high damage threshold but also processability, adaptability and interfacing with other materials. Improvements, besides rendering possible the implementation of nonlinear effects in devices, open the way to the study of new nonlinear optical effects and the introduction of new concepts. This book describes new concepts which are emerging in the field of nonlinear optical materials, concentrating the attention on materials which seem more promising for applications in the technology of information transmission and processing.

2007-2008 Assessment of the Army Research Laboratory

2007-2008 Assessment of the Army Research Laboratory
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 132
Release: 2009-12-03
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 030914390X
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This volume is the latest in a series of biennial assessments of the scientific and technical quality of the Army Research Laboratory (ARL). The current report summarizes findings for the 2007-2008 period, during which 95 volunteer experts in fields of science and engineering participated in the following activities: visiting ARL annually, receiving formal presentations of technical work, examining facilities, engaging in technical discussions with ARL staff, and reviewing ARL technical materials. The overall quality of ARL's technical staff and their work continues to be impressive, as well as the relevance of their work to Army needs. ARL continues to exhibit a clear, passionate concern for the end user of its technology-the soldier in the field. While two directorates have large program-support missions, there is considerable customer-support work across the directorates, which universally demonstrate mindfulness of the importance of transitioning technology to support immediate and near-term Army needs. ARL staff also continue to expand their involvement with the wider scientific and engineering community. This involvement includes monitoring relevant developments elsewhere, engaging in significant collaborative work (including the Collaborative Technology Alliances), and sharing work through peer reviews. In general, ARL is working very well within an appropriate research and development niche and has been demonstrating significant accomplishments.

Organic Nonlinear Optical Materials

Organic Nonlinear Optical Materials
Author: Ch. Bosshard
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 266
Release: 2001-08-24
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9782884490078
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Organic Nonlinear Optical Materials provides an extensive description of the preparation and characterization of organic materials for applications in nonlinear and electro-optics. The book discusses the fundamental optimization and practical limitations of a number of figures of merit for various optical parameters and gives a clinical appraisal of the potential of organic materials for applicators in optical technology. Among the topics addressed are the basic molecular design of ;nonlinear optical chromophores, fundamentals and novel techniques of organic crystal growth, preparation and characterization of Langmuir-Blodgett and polymer films, experimental methods for determining microscopic and macroscopic optical properties. Also included is a discussion of first results of the photorefractive effect in organic crystals and the potential of organics for photorefractive applications, as well as an extensive review of published linear and nonlinear optical measurement of organic materials.

Principles and Applications of Nonlinear Optical Materials

Principles and Applications of Nonlinear Optical Materials
Author: R.W. Munn
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 265
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9401121583
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Nonlinear optics is a topic of much current interest that exhibits a great diversity. Some publications on the subject are clearly physics, while others reveal an engineering bias; some appear to be accessible to the chemist, while others may appeal to biological understanding. Yet all purport to be non linear optics so where is the underlying unity? The answer is that the unity lies in the phenomena and the devices that exploit them, while the diversity lies in the materials used to express the phenomena. This book is an attempt to show this unity in diversity by bringing together contributions covering an unusually wide range of materials, preceded by accounts of the main phenomena and important devices. Because ofthe diversity, individual materials are treated in separate chapters by different expert authors, while as editors we have shouldered the task of providing the unifying initial chapters. Most main classes of nonlinear optical solids are treated: semiconductors, glasses, ferroelectrics, molecular crystals, polymers, and Langmuir-Blodgett films. (However, liquid crystals are not covered. ) Each class of material is enough for a monograph in itself, and this book is designed to be an introduction suitable for graduate students and those in industry entering the area of nonlinear optics. It is also suitable in parts for final-year undergraduates on project work. It aims to provide a bridge between traditional fields of expertise and the broader field of nonlinear optics.

Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials

Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials
Author: Rashid A. Ganeev
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 258
Release: 2013-01-09
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9400760221
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This book is mostly concerned on the experimental research of the nonlinear optical characteristics of various media, low- and high-order harmonic generation in different materials, and formation, and nonlinear optical characterization of clusters. We also demonstrate the inter-connection between these areas of nonlinear optics. Nonlinear optical properties of media such as optical limiting can be applied in various areas of science and technology. To define suitable materials for these applications, one has to carefully analyse the nonlinear optical characteristics of various media, such as the nonlinear refractive indices, coefficients of nonlinear absorption, saturation absorption intensities, etc. Knowing the nonlinear optical parameters of materials is also important for describing the propagation effects, self-interaction of intense laser pulses, and optimisation of various nonlinear optical processes. Among those processes one can admit the importance of the studies of the frequency conversion of coherent laser sources. The area of interest for nonlinear optical characterization of materials is also closely related with new field of nanostructures formation and application during laser-matter interaction. We show how the nonlinear optical analysis of materials leads to improvement of their high-order nonlinear optical response during the interaction with strong laser fields. Ablation-induced nanoparticles formation is correlated with their applications as efficient sources of coherent short-wavelength photons. From other side, recent achievements of harmonic generation in plasmas are closely related with the knowledge of the properties of materials in the laser plumes. All of these studies are concerned with the low-order nonlinear optical features of various materials. The novelty of the approach developed in present book is related with inter-connection of those studies with each other.