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| Author | : 林柏宇 |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2012 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Hammad M. Cheema |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 190 |
| Release | : 2010-06-22 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9048192803 |
Abstract This chapter lays the foundation for the work presented in latter chapters. The potential of 60 GHz frequency bands for high data rate wireless transfer is discussed and promising applications are enlisted. Furthermore, the challenges related to 60 GHz IC design are presented and the chapter concludes with an outline of the book. Keywords Wireless communication 60 GHz Millimeter wave integrated circuit design Phase-locked loop CMOS Communication technology has revolutionized our way of living over the last century. Since Marconi’s transatlantic wireless experiment in 1901, there has been tremendous growth in wireless communication evolving from spark-gap telegraphy to today’s mobile phones equipped with Internet access and multimedia capabilities. The omnipresence of wireless communication can be observed in widespread use of cellular telephony, short-range communication through wireless local area networks and personal area networks, wireless sensors and many others. The frequency spectrum from 1 to 6 GHz accommodates the vast majority of current wireless standards and applications. Coupled with the availability of low cost radio frequency (RF) components and mature integrated circuit (IC) techn- ogies, rapid expansion and implementation of these systems is witnessed. The downside of this expansion is the resulting scarcity of available bandwidth and allowable transmit powers. In addition, stringent limitations on spectrum and energy emissions have been enforced by regulatory bodies to avoid interference between different wireless systems.
| Author | : Almudena Suarez |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 729 |
| Release | : 2009-02-17 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0470385898 |
Presents simulation techniques that substantially increase designers' control over the oscillationin autonomous circuits This book facilitates a sound understanding of the free-running oscillation mechanism, the start-up from the noise level, and the establishment of the steady-state oscillation. It deals with the operation principles and main characteristics of free-running and injection-locked oscillators, coupled oscillators, and parametric frequency dividers. Analysis and Design of Autonomous Microwave Circuits provides: An exploration of the main nonlinear-analysis methods, with emphasis on harmonic balance and envelope transient methods Techniques for the efficient simulation of the most common autonomous regimes A presentation and comparison of the main stability-analysis methods in the frequency domain A detailed examination of the instabilization mechanisms that delimit the operation bands of autonomous circuits Coverage of techniques used to eliminate common types of undesired behavior, such as spurious oscillations, hysteresis, and chaos A thorough presentation of the oscillator phase noise A comparison of the main methodologies of phase-noise analysis Techniques for autonomous circuit optimization, based on harmonic balance A consideration of different design objectives: presetting the oscillation frequency and output power, increasing efficiency, modifying the transient duration, and imposing operation bands Analysis and Design of Autonomous Microwave Circuits is a valuable resource for microwave designers, oscillator designers, and graduate students in RF microwave design.
| Author | : Woogeun Rhee |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 389 |
| Release | : 2023-12-19 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1119909066 |
Phase-Locked Loops Discover the essential materials for phase-locked loop circuit design, from fundamentals to practical design aspects A phase-locked loop (PLL) is a type of circuit with a range of important applications in telecommunications and computing. It generates an output signal with a controlled relationship to an input signal, such as an oscillator which matches the phases of input and output signals. This is a critical function in coherent communication systems, with the result that the theory and design of these circuits are essential to electronic communications of all kinds. Phase-Locked Loops: System Perspectives and Circuit Design Aspects provides a concise, accessible introduction to PLL design. It introduces readers to the role of PLLs in modern communication systems, the fundamental techniques of phase-lock circuitry, and the possible applications of PLLs in a wide variety of electronic communications contexts. The first book of its kind to incorporate modern architectures and to balance theoretical fundamentals with detailed design insights, this promises to be a must-own text for students and industry professionals. The book also features: Coverage of PLL basics with insightful analysis and examples tailored for circuit designers Applications of PLLs for both wireless and wireline systems Practical circuit design aspects for modern frequency generation, frequency modulation, and clock recovery systems Phase-Locked Loops is essential for graduate students and advanced undergraduates in integrated circuit design, as well researchers and engineers in electrical and computing subjects.
| Author | : Donald R. Stephens |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 424 |
| Release | : 2007-05-08 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0306473143 |
Phase-Locked Loops for Wireless Communications: Digitial, Analog and Optical Implementations, Second Edition presents a complete tutorial of phase-locked loops from analog implementations to digital and optical designs. The text establishes a thorough foundation of continuous-time analysis techniques and maintains a consistent notation as discrete-time and non-uniform sampling are presented. New to this edition is a complete treatment of charge pumps and the complementary sequential phase detector. Another important change is the increased use of MATLAB®, implemented to provide more familiar graphics and reader-derived phase-locked loop simulation. Frequency synthesizers and digital divider analysis/techniques have been added to this second edition. Perhaps most distinctive is the chapter on optical phase-locked loops that begins with sections discussing components such as lasers and photodetectors and finishing with homodyne and heterodyne loops. Starting with a historical overview, presenting analog, digital, and optical PLLs, discussing phase noise analysis, and including circuits/algorithms for data synchronization, this volume contains new techniques being used in this field. Highlights of the Second Edition: Development of phase-locked loops from analog to digital and optical, with consistent notation throughout; Expanded coverage of the loop filters used to design second and third order PLLs; Design examples on delay-locked loops used to synchronize circuits on CPUs and ASICS; New material on digital dividers that dominate a frequency synthesizer's noise floor. Techniques to analytically estimate the phase noise of a divider; Presentation of optical phase-locked loops with primers on the optical components and fundamentals of optical mixing; Section on automatic frequency control to provide frequency-locking of the lasers instead of phase-locking; Presentation of charge pumps, counters, and delay-locked loops. The Second Edition includes the essential topics needed by wireless, optics, and the traditional phase-locked loop specialists to design circuits and software algorithms. All of the material has been updated throughout the book.
| Author | : Aakriti Barat |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 64 |
| Release | : 2017 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
An injection locked oscillator is a presented using wavelet analysis to evaluate the role of PLLs in RF transceivers. The goal is to evaluate injection locking and achieve full control over frequency and phase of the output signal, and achieve 100% throughput of the transceiver. This is done by injecting a periodic signal in the oscillator. Specifically, when the frequency of the periodic signal and that of the oscillator are close to each other, the periodic signal can be used to synchronize the oscillator frequency. In this work, we pursue an understanding of the injection locked oscillator's performance using wavelet analysis. Using TopSpice an injection locked oscillator is designed. The oscillator's frequency stability time resolution in frequency are explored, followed by denoising. Also, circuit simulations are performed using TopSpice and MATLAB toolboxes. It is shown that low and high frequency component of ~ 500 Hz and ~2000 Hz are present. Also, the signal transitions from a low to high frequency component at t ~ 0.01 seconds, and this transition is confirmed using analysis based on the Morlet Wavelet transform. Wavelets are also used again to denoise the signal and verify that key frequencies in the signal are retained during the denoising process.
| Author | : Behzad Razavi |
| Publisher | : Wiley-IEEE Press |
| Total Pages | : 736 |
| Release | : 2003-02-27 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9780471447276 |
Comprehensive coverage of recent developments in phase-locked loop technology The rapid growth of high-speed semiconductor and communication technologies has helped make phase-locked loops (PLLs) an essential part of memories, microprocessors, radio-frequency (RF) transceivers, broadband data communication systems, and other burgeoning fields. Complementing his 1996 Monolithic Phase-Locked Loops and Clock Recovery Circuits (Wiley-IEEE Press), Behzad Razavi now has collected the most important recent writing on PLL into a comprehensive, self-contained look at PLL devices, circuits, and architectures. Phase-Locking in High-Performance Systems: From Devices to Architectures' five original tutorials and eighty-three key papers provide an eminently readable foundation in phase-locked systems. Analog and digital circuit designers will glean a wide range of practical information from the book's . . . * Tutorials dealing with devices, delay-locked loops (DLLs), fractional-N synthesizers, bang-bang PLLs, and simulation of phase noise and jitter * In-depth discussions of passive devices such as inductors, transformers, and varactors * Papers on the analysis of phase noise and jitter in various types of oscillators * Concentrated examinations of building blocks, including the design of oscillators, frequency dividers, and phase/frequency detectors * Articles addressing the problem of clock generation by phase-locking for timing and digital applications, RF synthesis, and the application of phase-locking to clock and data recovery circuits In tandem with its companion volume, Phase-Locking in High-Performance Systems: From Devices to Architectures is a superb reference for anyone working on, or seeking to better understand, this rapidly-developing and increasingly central technology.
| Author | : Christopher Siu |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 443 |
| Release | : 2018-06-14 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1351251643 |
The book offers unique insight into the modern world of wireless communication that included 5G generation, implementation in Internet of Things (IoT), and emerging biomedical applications. To meet different design requirements, gaining perspective on systems is important. Written by international experts in industry and academia, the intended audience is practicing engineers with some electronics background. It presents the latest research and practices in wireless communication, as industry prepares for the next evolution towards a trillion interconnected devices. The text further explains how modern RF wireless systems may handle such a large number of wireless devices. Covers modern wireless technologies (5G, IoT), and emerging biomedical applications Discusses novel RF systems, CMOS low power circuit implementation, antennae arrays, circuits for medical imaging, and many other emerging technologies in wireless co-space. Written by a mixture of top industrial experts and key academic professors.
| Author | : 蔡坤宏 |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Feng Zhao |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 106 |
| Release | : 2014-11-25 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3319122002 |
This book introduces low-noise and low-power design techniques for phase-locked loops and their building blocks. It summarizes the noise reduction techniques for fractional-N PLL design and introduces a novel capacitive-quadrature coupling technique for multi-phase signal generation. The capacitive-coupling technique has been validated through silicon implementation and can provide low phase-noise and accurate I-Q phase matching, with low power consumption from a super low supply voltage. Readers will be enabled to pick one of the most suitable QVCO circuit structures for their own designs, without additional effort to look for the optimal circuit structure and device parameters.
