Quadrature Frequency Generation for Wideband Wireless Applications

Quadrature Frequency Generation for Wideband Wireless Applications
Author: Mohammad Elbadry
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 87
Release: 2015-03-10
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3319137883

Download Quadrature Frequency Generation for Wideband Wireless Applications Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

This book describes design techniques for wideband quadrature LO generation for software defined radio transceivers, with frequencies spanning 4GHz to around 80GHz. The authors discuss several techniques that can be used to reduce the cost and/or power consumption of one of the key component of the RF front-end, the quadrature local oscillator. The discussion includes simple and useful insights into quadrature VCOs, along with numerous examples of practical techniques.

Quadrature RC−Oscillators

Quadrature RC−Oscillators
Author: João Carlos Ferreira de Almeida Casaleiro
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 166
Release: 2018-10-29
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3030007405

Download Quadrature RC−Oscillators Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

This book presents a tutorial review of van der Pol model, a universal oscillator model for the analysis of modern RC−oscillators in weak and strong nonlinear regimes. A detailed analysis of the injection locking in van der Pol oscillators is also presented. The relation between the van der Pol parameters and several circuit implementations in CMOS nanotechnology is given, showing that this theory is very useful in the optimization of oscillator key parameters, such as: frequency, amplitude and phase relationship. The authors discuss three different examples: active coupling RC−oscillators, capacitive coupling RC−oscillators, and two-integrator oscillator working in the sinusoidal regime. · Provides a detailed tutorial on the van der Pol oscillator model, which can be the basis for the analysis of modern RC−oscillators in weak and strong nonlinear regimes; · Demonstrations the relationship between the van der Pol parameters and several circuit implementations in CMOS nanotechnology, showing that this theory is a powerful tool in the optimization of key oscillator parameters; · Provides three circuit prototypes implemented in modern CMOS nanotechnology in the GHz range, with applications in low area, low power, low cost, wireless sensor network (WSN) applications (e.g. IoT, BLE).

Multiphase Reference Signal Generation Using Coupled Oscillators

Multiphase Reference Signal Generation Using Coupled Oscillators
Author: Mohammad Hekmat
Publisher: Stanford University
Total Pages: 132
Release: 2011
Genre:
ISBN:

Download Multiphase Reference Signal Generation Using Coupled Oscillators Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

The continuing trend toward higher frequencies of operation poses formidable challenges in the design of multiphase reference signals at mm-wave frequencies and beyond. Conventional multiphase reference generation techniques face serious implementation or performance challenges when scaled to microwave and mm-wave frequencies. Ring oscillators suffer from poor phase noise, and hence fail to fulfill the stringent requirements of most wireless applications. Generating multiphase signals by dividing the output of an oscillator operating at multiples of the intended frequency of operation is impractical when frequencies approach the mm-wave range. Cross-coupled LC oscillators have been explored as a promising alternative for multiphase and, in particular, quadrature generation. However, the frequency ambiguity that results from multiple modes of operation, as well as the severe phase noise degradation due to their inherent off-resonance operation, has inhibited their utilization in practice. This work introduces a new topology for coupled oscillators that solves the frequency ambiguity issue and mitigates phase noise degradation in coupled oscillators by employing an array of LC oscillators that are coupled in a bidirectional fashion. The proposed bidirectional coupling enforces operation at the resonance frequency of the LC tanks of the oscillator in the loop, a property that proves to be key in solving both the aforementioned issues. A quadrature frequency doubling topology using bidirectionally-coupled oscillators is also presented. The proposed approach relaxes the linearity requirements on the mixers employed in the circuit, thus allowing the frequency doubler to use highly nonlinear mixers. An experimental prototype integrated in a 90-nm CMOS technology provides output phases in increments of 45 degrees and achieves a phase noise of −101 dBc/Hz at 1- MHz offset from a 19.6-GHz carrier. The quadrature 40-GHz signal generated on chip drives a single-sideband transmitter that achieves a sideband suppression of better than 45 dB.

Wireless Technologies

Wireless Technologies
Author: Krzysztof Iniewski
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 696
Release: 2017-12-19
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0849379970

Download Wireless Technologies Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Advanced concepts for wireless technologies present a vision of technology that is embedded in our surroundings and practically invisible. From established radio techniques like GSM, 802.11 or Bluetooth to more emerging technologies, such as Ultra Wide Band and smart dust motes, a common denominator for future progress is the underlying integrated circuit technology. Wireless Technologies responds to the explosive growth of standard cellular radios and radically different wireless applications by presenting new architectural and circuit solutions engineers can use to solve modern design problems. This reference addresses state-of-the art CMOS design in the context of emerging wireless applications, including 3G/4G cellular telephony, wireless sensor networks, and wireless medical application. Written by top international experts specializing in both the IC industry and academia, this carefully edited work uncovers new design opportunities in body area networks, medical implants, satellite communications, automobile radar detection, and wearable electronics. The book is divided into three sections: wireless system perspectives, chip architecture and implementation issues, and devices and technologies used to fabricate wireless integrated circuits. Contributors address key issues in the development of future silicon-based systems, such as scale of integration, ultra-low power dissipation, and the integration of heterogeneous circuit design style and processes onto one substrate. Wireless sensor network systems are now being applied in critical applications in commerce, healthcare, and security. This reference, which contains 25 practical and scientifically rigorous articles, provides the knowledge communications engineers need to design innovative methodologies at the circuit and system level.

Analysis and Design of Quadrature Oscillators

Analysis and Design of Quadrature Oscillators
Author: Luis B. Oliveira
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 162
Release: 2008-07-08
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1402085168

Download Analysis and Design of Quadrature Oscillators Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Modern RF receivers and transmitters require quadrature oscillators with accurate quadrature and low phase-noise. Existing literature is dedicated mainly to single oscillators, and is strongly biased towards LC oscillators. This book is devoted to quadrature oscillatorsand presents adetailed comparative study ofLC and RCosc- lators, both at architectural and at circuit levels. It is shown that in cross-coupled RC oscillators both the quadrature error and phase-noise are reduced, whereas in LC - cillators the coupling decreases the quadrature error, but increases the phase-noise. Thus, quadrature RC oscillators can be a practical alternative to LC oscillators, - pecially when area and cost are to be minimized. The main topics of the book are: cross-coupled LC quasi-sinusoidal oscillators, cross-coupled RC relaxation oscillators, a quadrature RC oscillator-mixer, and t- integrator oscillators. The effect of mismatches on the phase-error and the pha- noise are thoroughly investigated. The book includes many experimental results, obtained from different integrated circuit prototypes, in the GHz range. A structured design approach is followed: a technology independent study, with ideal blocks, is performed initially, and then the circuit level design is addressed. This book can be used in advanced courses on RF circuit design. In addition to post-graduate students and lecturers, this book will be of interest to design engineers and researchers in this area.

Fast Hopping Frequency Generation in Digital CMOS

Fast Hopping Frequency Generation in Digital CMOS
Author: Mohammad Farazian
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 158
Release: 2012-10-12
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1461404894

Download Fast Hopping Frequency Generation in Digital CMOS Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Overcoming the agility limitations of conventional frequency synthesizers in multi-band OFDM ultra wideband is a key research goal in digital technology. This volume outlines a frequency plan that can generate all the required frequencies from a single fixed frequency, able to implement center frequencies with no more than two levels of SSB mixing. It recognizes the need for future synthesizers to bypass on-chip inductors and operate at low voltages to enable the increased integration and efficiency of networked appliances. The author examines in depth the architecture of the dividers that generate the necessary frequencies from a single base frequency and are capable of establishing a fractional division ratio. Presenting the first CMOS inductorless single PLL 14-band frequency synthesizer for MB-OFDMUWB makes this volume a key addition to the literature, and with the synthesizer capable of arbitrary band-hopping in less than two nanoseconds, it operates well within the desired range on a 1.2-volt power supply. The author’s close analysis of the operation, stability, and phase noise of injection-locked regenerative frequency dividers will provide researchers and technicians with much food for developmental thought.

Injection-Locking in Mixed-Mode Signal Processing

Injection-Locking in Mixed-Mode Signal Processing
Author: Fei Yuan
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 225
Release: 2019-05-17
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 303017364X

Download Injection-Locking in Mixed-Mode Signal Processing Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

This book provides readers with a comprehensive treatment of the principles, circuit design techniques, and applications of injection-locking in mixed-mode signal processing, with an emphasis on CMOS implementation. Major topics include: An overview of injection-locking, the principle of injection-locking in harmonic and non-harmonic oscillators, lock range enhancement techniques for harmonic oscillators, lock range enhancement techniques for non-harmonic oscillators, and the emerging applications of injection-locking in mixed-mode signal processing. Provides a single-source reference to the principles, circuit design techniques, and applications of injection-locking in mixed-mode signal processing; Includes a rich collection of design techniques for increasing the lock range of oscillators under injection, along with in-depth examination of the pros and cons of these methods; Enables a broad range of applications, such as passive wireless microsystems, forwarded-clock parallel data links, frequency synthesizers for wireless and wireline communications, and low phase noise phase-locked loops.