An Open Source Co-simulation Platform for Self-driving Vehicles

An Open Source Co-simulation Platform for Self-driving Vehicles
Author: Yishen Jin
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2021
Genre: Automated vehicles
ISBN:

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With the increasing demands for testing Automated Vehicles (AVs) and Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), a large-scale virtual verification and validation framework becomes valuable for three reasons. First, for AV and ADAS software testing, it is infeasible to cover on-road conditions exhaustively. Second, developing a virtual testing environment can reduce operating costs greatly. Third, software failure in AVs or ADAS is safety-critical and can result directly in fatal accidents. To address the aforementioned issues, this work focuses on developing an open-source platform for virtual testing with the capability of the generation of large-scale traffic simulations, synchronization between traffic scenes and 3D environment, and integration with existing sensor models. Specifically, a virtual validation and verification environment framework for AV software testing is developed in this work by integrating a microscopic traffic simulator, Simulation of Urban Mobility (SUMO), with a 3D-rendering software, Unreal Engine (UE). In order to incorporate the variability in testing scenarios such as surrounding dynamic objects, obstacles, road networks, and infrastructure features, the framework provides a modular software block-set for the virtual testing of AV/ADAS controllers. This work presents the architecture of the synchronization of information from vehicles, traffic signals, and pedestrians between SUMO and UE. With the platform developed, large-scale test cases can be generated efficiently in parallel between SUMO and UE. Specific test cases can be visualized and analyzed individually. As a result, edge cases with low probability but catastrophic outcomes can be tested safely in the virtual environment.

Development of a Simulation-based Platform for Autonomous Vehicle Algorithm Validation

Development of a Simulation-based Platform for Autonomous Vehicle Algorithm Validation
Author: Rohan Bandopadhay Banerjee
Publisher:
Total Pages: 83
Release: 2019
Genre:
ISBN:

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Developing robust algorithms for autonomous driving typically requires extensive validation and testing with physical hardware platforms and increasingly requires large amounts of diverse training data. The physical cost of these hardware platforms makes eld testing prohibitive, and the cost of collecting training data limits the size and diversity of this data. Autonomous driving simulation is a promising solution to address both of these challenges because it eliminates the need for a physical testing environment and because it oers environments that are congurable and diverse. However, most autonomous driving simulators are not fully useful for algorithm validation because they lack full integration with fundamental autonomous driving capabilities and because their sensor data is limited in functionality. In this work, we develop and present a simulation-based platform for testing and validation of autonomous driving algorithms that combines an open-source autonomous driving simulator (CARLA) with our existing autonomous driving codebase. Specically, we describe our software contributions to this platform, including simulated proprioceptive sensors and ground-truth LIDAR road information, and we demonstrate how we used the platform to validate both fundamental autonomous driving capabilities and a point-to-point navigation algorithm in simulation. We also describe how our platform was used to both develop and validate an approach to dynamic obstacle avoidance, a new capability in our codebase. Our platform is a capable tool for both validation and development of autonomous driving algorithms, although open directions remain in the areas of simulator sensor realism and runtime efficiency.

Autonomous Road Vehicle Path Planning and Tracking Control

Autonomous Road Vehicle Path Planning and Tracking Control
Author: Levent Guvenc
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 260
Release: 2021-12-29
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1119747945

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Discover the latest research in path planning and robust path tracking control In Autonomous Road Vehicle Path Planning and Tracking Control, a team of distinguished researchers delivers a practical and insightful exploration of how to design robust path tracking control. The authors include easy to understand concepts that are immediately applicable to the work of practicing control engineers and graduate students working in autonomous driving applications. Controller parameters are presented graphically, and regions of guaranteed performance are simple to visualize and understand. The book discusses the limits of performance, as well as hardware-in-the-loop simulation and experimental results that are implementable in real-time. Concepts of collision and avoidance are explained within the same framework and a strong focus on the robustness of the introduced tracking controllers is maintained throughout. In addition to a continuous treatment of complex planning and control in one relevant application, the Autonomous Road Vehicle Path Planning and Tracking Control includes: A thorough introduction to path planning and robust path tracking control for autonomous road vehicles, as well as a literature review with key papers and recent developments in the area Comprehensive explorations of vehicle, path, and path tracking models, model-in-the-loop simulation models, and hardware-in-the-loop models Practical discussions of path generation and path modeling available in current literature In-depth examinations of collision free path planning and collision avoidance Perfect for advanced undergraduate and graduate students with an interest in autonomous vehicles, Autonomous Road Vehicle Path Planning and Tracking Control is also an indispensable reference for practicing engineers working in autonomous driving technologies and the mobility groups and sections of automotive OEMs.

Intelligent Systems Design and Applications

Intelligent Systems Design and Applications
Author: Ajith Abraham
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 1461
Release: 2022-03-26
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 303096308X

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This book highlights recent research on intelligent systems and nature-inspired computing. It presents 132 selected papers from the 21st International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (ISDA 2021), which was held online. The ISDA is a premier conference in the field of computational intelligence, and the latest installment brought together researchers, engineers and practitioners whose work involves intelligent systems and their applications in industry. Including contributions by authors from 34 countries, the book offers a valuable reference guide for all researchers, students and practitioners in the fields of Computer Science and Engineering.

AI at the Wheel

AI at the Wheel
Author: Derek Lawson
Publisher: eBookIt.com
Total Pages: 226
Release: 2024-08-29
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1456655388

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Experience the Future of Driving: A Glimpse into the World of Autonomous Vehicles Imagine a world where commuting no longer requires your hands on the wheel or your eyes on the road. AI at the Wheel: The Revolution of Autonomous Driving takes you on an engrossing journey through the transformative technology behind self-driving cars, showcasing a future that is closer than you think. Discover the milestones that have shaped autonomous driving, from the inception of early self-driving prototypes to the breakthroughs in AI and machine learning that enable vehicles to think and react like human drivers. Delve into the stories of the innovators and companies at the forefront of this groundbreaking industry. Uncover the profound impact autonomous vehicles will have on our lives. Learn how these marvels of technology will restructure urban landscapes, shift job markets, and create new economic opportunities. Explore the ethical considerations and legal debates that accompany this technological revolution, as well as the rigorous safety protocols that ensure the reliability of self-driving cars. Feel the pulse of a rapidly evolving industry as the author examines the role of big data, cybersecurity, and the expansive ecosystem supporting autonomous vehicles. From the complexities of V2X communication and energy efficiency to the future of ride-sharing and public transportation, each chapter offers a compelling look at the various dimensions of this technological marvel. Empower yourself with the knowledge to navigate an autonomous future. Whether you're a tech enthusiast, a business professional, or simply curious about what lies ahead, this book equips you with the insights to understand and embrace the coming changes. AI at the Wheel: The Revolution of Autonomous Driving is not just a book–it's your guide to the future.

Computer Vision – ECCV 2022

Computer Vision – ECCV 2022
Author: Shai Avidan
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 785
Release: 2022-10-22
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3031198425

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The 39-volume set, comprising the LNCS books 13661 until 13699, constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th European Conference on Computer Vision, ECCV 2022, held in Tel Aviv, Israel, during October 23–27, 2022. The 1645 papers presented in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 5804 submissions. The papers deal with topics such as computer vision; machine learning; deep neural networks; reinforcement learning; object recognition; image classification; image processing; object detection; semantic segmentation; human pose estimation; 3d reconstruction; stereo vision; computational photography; neural networks; image coding; image reconstruction; object recognition; motion estimation.

Human-Computer Interaction

Human-Computer Interaction
Author: Vanessa Agredo-Delgado
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 329
Release: 2021-01-04
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 303066919X

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This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 6th Iberoamerican Workshop on Human-Computer Interaction, HCI-Collab 2020, held in Arequipa, Peru, in September 2020.* The 28 full and 3 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 128 submissions. The papers deal with topics such as emotional interfaces, usability, video games, computational thinking, collaborative systems, IoT, software engineering, ICT in education, augmented and mixed virtual reality for education, gamification, emotional Interfaces, adaptive instruction systems, accessibility, use of video games in education, artificial Intelligence in HCI, among others. *The workshop was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Creating Autonomous Vehicle Systems

Creating Autonomous Vehicle Systems
Author: Shaoshan Liu
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Total Pages: 285
Release: 2017-10-25
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1681731673

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This book is the first technical overview of autonomous vehicles written for a general computing and engineering audience. The authors share their practical experiences of creating autonomous vehicle systems. These systems are complex, consisting of three major subsystems: (1) algorithms for localization, perception, and planning and control; (2) client systems, such as the robotics operating system and hardware platform; and (3) the cloud platform, which includes data storage, simulation, high-definition (HD) mapping, and deep learning model training. The algorithm subsystem extracts meaningful information from sensor raw data to understand its environment and make decisions about its actions. The client subsystem integrates these algorithms to meet real-time and reliability requirements. The cloud platform provides offline computing and storage capabilities for autonomous vehicles. Using the cloud platform, we are able to test new algorithms and update the HD map—plus, train better recognition, tracking, and decision models. This book consists of nine chapters. Chapter 1 provides an overview of autonomous vehicle systems; Chapter 2 focuses on localization technologies; Chapter 3 discusses traditional techniques used for perception; Chapter 4 discusses deep learning based techniques for perception; Chapter 5 introduces the planning and control sub-system, especially prediction and routing technologies; Chapter 6 focuses on motion planning and feedback control of the planning and control subsystem; Chapter 7 introduces reinforcement learning-based planning and control; Chapter 8 delves into the details of client systems design; and Chapter 9 provides the details of cloud platforms for autonomous driving. This book should be useful to students, researchers, and practitioners alike. Whether you are an undergraduate or a graduate student interested in autonomous driving, you will find herein a comprehensive overview of the whole autonomous vehicle technology stack. If you are an autonomous driving practitioner, the many practical techniques introduced in this book will be of interest to you. Researchers will also find plenty of references for an effective, deeper exploration of the various technologies.

Evaluation of Automated Driving in a Virtual Environment

Evaluation of Automated Driving in a Virtual Environment
Author: Griffin J. Leisenring
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2022
Genre: Automated vehicles
ISBN:

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Automated vehicle testing in real-world driving scenarios is required for system development but may not always be able to be performed due to safety or other concerns. Testing scenarios can be replicated at a closed test track as an alternative to the real-world driving scenarios. While safer, the maneuvers performed may not be able to completely match those of the actual road. A simulated testing environment can be created to perform testing on a complete digital replica of the real-world roads. Scenes can be created to accurately match the real-world roads and surroundings. Simulated testing can be the first step in validating the automated driving functionality performance and safety for eventual implementation on a physical vehicle. The Ohio State University team in the Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E) Next-Generation Energy Technologies for Connected and Automated On-Road Vehicles (NEXTCAR) program is working on utilizing Level 4 automated driving technology to improve upon their energy saving and mobility benefits of a Plugin Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) platform. A test route representative of real-world driving scenarios is selected to measure the increased energy efficiency of the system. The automated driving platform has additional limitations that must be taken into consideration when selecting a route for testing. To reach the point at which a simulation can occur, the autonomous driving platform being used must be configured properly and a model scene must be created for simulated maneuvers to be performed. This thesis covers the initialization steps for the automated driving platform, the creation of a digital replica for a selected test route, and the validation of automated driving features in the simulated environment. Multiple open-source autonomous vehicle platforms exist for interested teams to work with the systems that enable autonomous driving. The Robot Operating System (ROS) is utilized by Autoware to allow for easier communication between the different automated driving sensors and modules. Open-source software provides clear information about the structure of the system and how modifications can be made to different modules to produce desired energy saving results. Once the automated driving platform is properly set up, simulations are run. ROSBag playback consists of replaying the Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) point scan values for a given time window and testing accuracy of point cloud maps through localization. The SVL Simulator is used to test automated driving functionality using a virtual vehicle in a custom-made virtual environment. Corresponding point cloud and high-definition maps were created to provide necessary road and positioning information to Autoware. Various tools including OpenStreetMap, MathWorks RoadRunner, and the Unity game engine ease the process of creating a virtual replica of the real-world test route. With localization possible, additional automated driving functions were performed using Autoware's mission and motion planning modules.

Introduction to Self-Driving Vehicle Technology

Introduction to Self-Driving Vehicle Technology
Author: Hanky Sjafrie
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 255
Release: 2019-11-27
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1000711773

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This book aims to teach the core concepts that make Self-driving vehicles (SDVs) possible. It is aimed at people who want to get their teeth into self-driving vehicle technology, by providing genuine technical insights where other books just skim the surface. The book tackles everything from sensors and perception to functional safety and cybersecurity. It also passes on some practical know-how and discusses concrete SDV applications, along with a discussion of where this technology is heading. It will serve as a good starting point for software developers or professional engineers who are eager to pursue a career in this exciting field and want to learn more about the basics of SDV algorithms. Likewise, academic researchers, technology enthusiasts, and journalists will also find the book useful. Key Features: Offers a comprehensive technological walk-through of what really matters in SDV development: from hardware, software, to functional safety and cybersecurity Written by an active practitioner with extensive experience in series development and research in the fields of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and Autonomous Driving Covers theoretical fundamentals of state-of-the-art SLAM, multi-sensor data fusion, and other SDV algorithms. Includes practical information and hands-on material with Robot Operating System (ROS) and Open Source Car Control (OSCC). Provides an overview of the strategies, trends, and applications which companies are pursuing in this field at present as well as other technical insights from the industry.