American Kestrel Nestlings
Author | : James R. Klucsarits |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : 2007-01-01 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9781934849057 |
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Author | : James R. Klucsarits |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : 2007-01-01 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9781934849057 |
Author | : Mark Joseph Lesko |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 60 |
Release | : 2011 |
Genre | : American kestrel |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Kristina M. Ollo |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2023 |
Genre | : American kestrel |
ISBN | : |
American Kestrels (Falco sparverius) are small falcons that feed primarily on large insects but also small mammals and birds. During recent decades kestrel populations have been declining in North America, for reasons still unknown. One plausible explanation is that nestlings are becoming malnourished over the years from lack of food resources and are fledging at smaller sizes. Fledging at a smaller size puts kestrel nestlings at greater risk of post-fledging mortality due to starvation or predation. Here we examined long-term trends in the morphological development of American Kestrel nestlings to see if there have been any significant changes over time. We used about thirty years of measurement data from New Jersey and Pennsylvania nest box programs to explore this possibility. In New Jersey, wing length for females increased and wing length for males decreased. Body weight and body condition (wing length/body weight) did not change significantly over time in New Jersey. However, in Pennsylvania nestlings decreased in size, both in wing length and body weight. Moreover, body weight in Pennsylvania decreased disproportionately such that there also was a significant decrease in body condition. Decrease in body weight and body condition possibly could be caused by malnutrition from declines in insect populations, such as grasshoppers. The decrease also may be from exposure to contaminates such as pesticides. Evidence of American Kestrel nestlings decreasing in size could bring us closer to finding out why populations have been declining. Further research will need to be conducted to determine the reason for this change in size.
Author | : Roland H. Wauer |
Publisher | : Big Earth Publishing |
Total Pages | : 132 |
Release | : 2005 |
Genre | : Nature |
ISBN | : 9781555663537 |
Using scientific research and easily understood interpretations, Roland H. Wauer covers many topics, such as the falcon's keen eye sight; its amazing migration patterns; its eating habits; and its hunting styles. At the heart of the book is a complete natural history including courtship routines. Foreword by William S. Clark.
Author | : Tobias John McBride |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 260 |
Release | : 2002 |
Genre | : American kestrel |
ISBN | : |
Nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius) inhabiting nest boxes placed throughout the Anaconda Smelter Superfund Site, Montana, were monitored for reproductive success and growth over two successive breeding seasons. A gradient of decreasing soil contaminant concentrations occurred with increasing distance away from the smelter stack. The contaminants of concern (COCs; arsenic, cadmium, lead, copper, and zinc) were determined in food items, pellets, fecal/urate, blood, kidney and liver tissues. Hepatic and renal porphyrin profiles were characterized, and erythrocyte ALAD inhibition assessed, for use as indicators of health effects. Site wide in 1999,43 chicks hatched (81%) with 41 surviving to fledging age (95.3% fledging efficiency). In 2000, 34 chicks hatched (59%) with 32 surviving to fledging age (94% fledging efficiency). Nestling growth and demographics did not appear related to tissue contaminant levels. Active boxes were grouped into two site types (Smelter HiU and Opportunity Ponds) based on their proximity to the smelter site. In 1999, Smelter HiU birds had higher blood lead, liver cadmium, lead, and copper, and kidney cadmium. In 2000, only blood samples were collected, with notably increased lead and cadmium from Smelter Hill birds. Inhibition of erythrocyte ALAD activity at the highest blood lead concentrations indicated lead concentrations reached a threshold level sufficient to initiate biochemical effects. An increase in liver 4-carboxyl porphyrin at the highest liver lead levels likewise suggested sufficient exposure to initiate disruption of heme synthesis. Food items were collected from each active nest. COC concentrations were higher in samples from Smelter Hill boxes, with notable increases seen in arsenic and lead. Contaminant levels in food items were sufficiently high for accumulation in nestling tissues, with elevated levels occurring in nestlings closer in proximity to the smelter.
Author | : Kenn Kaufman |
Publisher | : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt |
Total Pages | : 708 |
Release | : 1996 |
Genre | : Nature |
ISBN | : 9780618159888 |
The bestselling natural history of birds, lavishly illustrated with 600 colorphotos, is now available for the first time in flexi binding.
Author | : Meredeth Britten Crandall |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 44 |
Release | : 2004 |
Genre | : American kestrel |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Walter Roy Shuford |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 1997 |
Genre | : Kestrels |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Daniel E. Varland |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 8 |
Release | : 1992 |
Genre | : Kestrels |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Stacy Ann Lindemann |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 194 |
Release | : 1998 |
Genre | : American kestrel |
ISBN | : |