This book covers selected reviewed research papers submitted to AUXDEFENSE 2018 conference, held in Lisbon, Portugal on 3-4 September 2018. These papers discuss the latest research and development in the defense sector, addressing mainly three topics: new materials for enhancing mechanical, chemical and biological protection along with improved comfort of the soldiers, different testing methods to characterize their performance and lastly, modelling and simulation techniques to help product design and prediction of properties. This book will be of great interest for the researchers and scientists working in this area as well as for the industries involved in developing products for the defense sector. Steel, Alloys, Composites, Polymers, Reinforcement, Military Textile, Natural Fibres, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Nanoparticles, Blast Load, Plastic Deformation, Energy Absorption, Personal Protection Materials Science, Mechanical Engineering, Manufacturing.