Active And Passive Safety Control Performance In Sub Critical Accelerator Driven Nuclear Reactors
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Total Pages | : 23 |
Release | : 2002 |
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Download Active and Passive Safety Control Performance in Sub - Critical, Accelerator - Driven Nuclear Reactors Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Traditional safety performance requirements for nuclear reactors have been developed for critical reactors, whose kinetics characteristics differ significantly from sub-critical, accelerator-driven nuclear reactors. In a critical nuclear reactor, relatively small amounts of reactivity (negative or positive) can produce large changes in the fission rate. In sub-critical reactors, the self-multiplication (k) decreases as the sub-criticality (1-k) increases, and the responsiveness to small reactivity changes decreases. This makes sub-critical nuclear reactors less responsive to positive reactivity insertions than critical reactors. Also, larger negative reactivity insertions are needed in sub-critical reactors to shut down the fission chain if the neutron source remains. This paper presents the results from a computational analysis of the safety performance of sub-critical, accelerator-driven nuclear reactors. Coupled kinetics and thermal-hydraulics models are used to quantify the effectiveness of traditional protection and control system designs in sub-critical reactors. The analyses also quantify the role of inherent, passive reactivity feedback mechanisms in sub-critical reactors. Computational results are used to develop conclusions regarding the most favorable and effective means for reactor control and protection in sub-critical, accelerator-driven nuclear reactors.
Author | : |
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Total Pages | : 80 |
Release | : 1971 |
Genre | : Nuclear reactors |
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Download Reactor Safety Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Author | : M. C. Leverett |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 34 |
Release | : 1964 |
Genre | : Nuclear reactors |
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Download Establishment of Reliability of Important Reactor Safety Systems Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Author | : Charles R. Russell |
Publisher | : Elsevier |
Total Pages | : 405 |
Release | : 2016-06-06 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1483138860 |
Download Reactor Safeguards Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Reactor Safeguards focuses on the measures and approaches in the safeguard of reactors. The book first discusses the development of nuclear reactors, including the emergence of radiation hazards, construction of nuclear reactors in Chicago, and containment of reactors. The text also focuses on radioactive materials; reactor kinetics; and control and safety systems of reactors. The text discusses the containment of nuclear reactors. Topics include nuclear excursions; combustion of reactor materials; melting of reactor fuels; design of containment structures; and size of breaks or leaks in cooling systems. The text also describes the dispersion of radioactive materials, including problems in operations, diffusion theory, and nomograms for graphical solutions. The book also highlights the possible damages that a nuclear reactor accident can produce. Considerations include the permissible dose of radiation, exposure to nuclear radiations, and evacuation from a contaminated area. The text is a valuable source of data for readers, engineers, and physicists who are responsible in hazard analysis and site selection.
Author | : F Farmer |
Publisher | : Elsevier |
Total Pages | : 231 |
Release | : 2012-12-02 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 0323159680 |
Download Nuclear Reactor Safety Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Nuclear Reactor Safety aims to put the nuclear hazard in perspective by providing an objective overall technical review of the field. It focuses on reactor accidents and their consequences. The technical arguments will be concerned broadly with reactor accident conditions and will deal with both the arrangements necessary to prevent any dangerous diversion from normal operation and to ameliorate the consequences if such a diversion should occur. The book is organized into three parts. Part I describes the nature of fission products and the hazards to man and his environment resulting from the uncontrolled release of fission products in accident conditions. Part II discusses a quantitative approach to reactor safety assessment and the quantification of vessel integrity. Part III deals with the basic principles of analysis and assessment of reactor safety, and then considers the specific safety problems of thermal and fast reactors in detail. This book is intended for two types of readers. First are technicians, those engaged in nuclear engineering: designers, constructors, and operators of nuclear stations, as well as those who would make a career in nuclear safety. Second are those (not necessarily scientists) who are tasked with making decisions in the field of energy use and allocation, or are concerned with environmental matters.
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Total Pages | : 11 |
Release | : 1994 |
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Download Safety Features of Subcritical Fluid Fueled Systems Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Accelerator-driven transmutation technology has been under study at Los Alamos for several years for application to nuclear waste treatment, tritium production, energy generation, and recently, to the disposition of excess weapons plutonium. Studies and evaluations performed to date at Los Alamos have led to a current focus on a fluid-fuel, fission system operating in a neutron source-supported subcritical mode, using molten salt reactor technology and accelerator-driven proton-neutron spallation. In this paper, the safety features and characteristics of such systems are explored from the perspective of the fundamental nuclear safety objectives that any reactor-type system should address. This exploration is qualitative in nature and uses current vintage solid-fueled reactors as a baseline for comparison. Based on the safety perspectives presented, such systems should be capable of meeting the fundamental nuclear safety objectives. In addition, they should be able to provide the safety robustness desired for advanced reactors. However, the manner in which safety objectives and robustness are achieved in very different from that associated with conventional reactors. Also, there are a number of safety design and operational challenges that will have to be addressed for the safety potential of such systems to be credible.
Author | : National Research Council |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 126 |
Release | : 1997-04-18 |
Genre | : Nature |
ISBN | : 0309175151 |
Download Digital Instrumentation and Control Systems in Nuclear Power Plants Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
The nuclear industry and the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) have been working for several years on the development of an adequate process to guide the replacement of aging analog monitoring and control instrumentation in nuclear power plants with modern digital instrumentation without introducing off-setting safety problems. This book identifies criteria for the USNRC's review and acceptance of digital applications in nuclear power plants. It focuses on eight areas: software quality assurance, common-mode software failure potential, systems aspects of digital instrumentation and control technology, human factors and human-machine interfaces, safety and reliability assessment methods, dedication of commercial off-the-shelf hardware and software, the case-by-case licensing process, and the adequacy of technical infrastructure.
Author | : Elmer Eugene Lewis |
Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
Total Pages | : 664 |
Release | : 1977 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : |
Download Nuclear Power Reactor Safety Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
Author | : IAEA |
Publisher | : International Atomic Energy Agency |
Total Pages | : 144 |
Release | : 2022-08-24 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 9201417217 |
Download Safety Assessment for Research Reactors and Preparation of the Safety Analysis Report Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
This Safety Guide provides recommendations on the safety assessment for research reactors in the authorization process, and on performance of safety analysis and preparation of the safety analysis report. It also incorporates the relevant lessons learned from the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant and elaborates guidance on interfaces between nuclear safety and nuclear security. The recommendations in this Safety Guide are intended for operating organizations of research reactors; it can also be used by designers performing a safety assessment for a research reactor. Furthermore, this guide provides useful guidance for regulatory bodies performing a review and assessment of submitted safety analysis reports as an important document within authorization process. This Safety Guide is a revision of IAEA Safety Standards Series No. SSG-20, which it supersedes.
Author | : International Atomic Energy Agency |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 68 |
Release | : 1984 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
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Download Safety-related Instrumentation and Control Systems for Nuclear Power Plants Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle
This guide deals primarily with design requirements for instrumentation and control systems important to safety but not part of the protection system (Safety Series No. 50-SG-D3). It gives recommendations on instrumentation and control systems for the prevention or termination of plant transients to avoid, if possible, the actuation of safety systems.