Access of Black Americans to Higher Education

Access of Black Americans to Higher Education
Author: United States. National Advisory Committee on Black Higher Education and Black Colleges and Universities
Publisher:
Total Pages: 94
Release: 1979
Genre: African American universities and colleges
ISBN:

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Access of Black Americans to Higher Education

Access of Black Americans to Higher Education
Author: United States. National Advisory Committee on Black Higher Education and Black Colleges and Universities
Publisher:
Total Pages: 64
Release: 1979
Genre: African Americans
ISBN:

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African Americans and Access to Higher Education

African Americans and Access to Higher Education
Author: Donna L. Taylor
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2016
Genre:
ISBN:

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Blackness as an ascriptive identity informs a number of aspects in relation to scholarship. Educational opportunities open to members of the African American community have historically not been equal to the opportunities afforded White Americans. During and following the Civil War, institutions of high learning for African Americans were formed in order to provide a college-level education. Many of the institutions focused on agricultural endeavors, in an effort to imbue African Americans with practical skills. Though the options in higher learning increased, and attendance at HBCU's continued to be high for decades, currently African American students are not attending them in the volumes that once existed. As noted in TIME's "Historically Black Colleges Are Becoming More White." HBCU's have always enrolled students of all races, but they are increasingly becoming less black. At some, like Bluefield, blacks now comprise less than half of the student body. At Lincoln University in Missouri, African-Americans account for 40 percent of enrollment while at Alabama's Gadsden State Community College, 71 percent of the students are white and just 21 percent are black. The enrollment at St. Philip's College in Texas is half Hispanic and 13 percent black, according to 2011 enrollment data from the U.S. Department of Education (Butrymowicz 2014). Institutions which were at one time predominately African American lost students as colleges and/or universities which were once off limits began accepting them as students. Now that HBCU's must compete against formerly predominately white institutions of higher learning, the issue which generally arises is funding. Ivy League institutions, as well as popular state schools receive millions of dollars in endowments on a regular basis -- mainly from former alumni, foundations, and grant-awarding organizations. HBCU's across the board, however, do not receive equal amounts of funding, either privately or from the state in which they are located, as "many experts, are quick to point out that public HBCU's are often underfunded by their states. Even with the extra money they receive from the federal government, they argue, the schools get less than 3 percent of federal higher-education funding -- slightly less than the proportion of students they enroll" (Butrymowicz 2014). There are supporters and opponents of HBCU's in relation to recruiting methods, educational opportunities offered in comparison at non HBCU's, and funding options. As discussed in Business Insider UK's "There's an unprecedented crisis facing America's historically black colleges." These problems have plagued both private and public HBCU's, and have gotten worse following the financial recession at the end of the last decade, according to University of Pennsylvania education professor Marybeth Gasman -- who heads the Penn Center for Minority Serving Institutions (MSIs). Ms Gasman stated, "with majority institutions, when a recession hits, they might go from brie to eating cheddar cheese...HBCU's go from cheddar to nothing." (Jacobs 2015) This paper will research the history of the HBCUs, discuss their current relevancy, and review methods which could be possibly utilized in reviving funding and support options. Funding is key to any college/university in terms of expansion, building or rebuilding, and securing and maintaining a top teaching staff. These factors will be examined in relation to the probability of the future of HBCUs, in order to sustain those which are remaining.

Black Male Collegians: Increasing Access, Retention, and Persistence in Higher Education

Black Male Collegians: Increasing Access, Retention, and Persistence in Higher Education
Author: Robert T. Palmer
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 121
Release: 2014-06-24
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1118941667

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Improving college access and success among Black males has garnered tremendous attention. Many social scientists have noted that Black men account for only 4.3% of the total enrollment at 4-year postsecondary institutions in the United States, the same percentage now as in 1976. Furthermore, two thirds of Black men who start college never finish. The lack of progress among Black men in higher education has caused researchers, practitioners, and policymakers to become increasingly focused on ways to increase their access and success. Offering recommendations and strategies to help advance success among Black males, this monograph provides a comprehensive synthesis and analysis of factors that promote the access, retention, and persistence of Black men at diverse institutional types (e.g., historically Black colleges and universities, predominantly White institutions, and community colleges). It delineates institutional policies, programs, practices, and other factors that encourage the success of Black men in postsecondary education. This is the 3rd issue of the 40th volume of the Jossey-Bass series ASHE Higher Education Report. Each monograph is the definitive analysis of a tough higher education issue, based on thorough research of pertinent literature and institutional experiences. Topics are identified by a national survey. Noted practitioners and scholars are then commissioned to write the reports, with experts providing critical reviews of each manuscript before publication.

Access of Black Americans to Higher Education

Access of Black Americans to Higher Education
Author: United States National Advisory Committee on Black Higher Education and Black Colleges and Universities
Publisher:
Total Pages: 59
Release: 1979
Genre:
ISBN:

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African Americans and Community Engagement in Higher Education

African Americans and Community Engagement in Higher Education
Author: Stephanie Y. Evans
Publisher: State University of New York Press
Total Pages: 289
Release: 2009-09-17
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1438428758

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This book discusses race and its roles in university-community partnerships. The contributors take a collaborative, interdisciplinary, and multiregional approach that allows students, agency staff, community constituents, faculty, and campus administrators an opportunity to reflect on and redefine what impact African American identity—in the academy and in the community—has on various forms of community engagement. From historic concepts of "race uplift" to contemporary debates about racialized perceptions of need, they argue that African American identity plays a significant role. In representing best practices, recommendations, personal insight, and informed warnings about building sustainable and mutually beneficial relationships, the contributors provide a cogent platform from which to encourage the difficult and much-needed inclusion of race in dialogues of national service and community engagement.

Equal Educational Opportunity

Equal Educational Opportunity
Author: Howard University. Institute for the Study of Educational Policy
Publisher:
Total Pages: 172
Release: 1980
Genre: African Americans
ISBN:

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Advancing Democracy

Advancing Democracy
Author: Amilcar Shabazz
Publisher: Univ of North Carolina Press
Total Pages: 318
Release: 2005-11-16
Genre: Education
ISBN: 0807875988

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As we approach the fiftieth anniversary of Brown v. Board of Education (1954), it is important to consider the historical struggles that led to this groundbreaking decision. Four years earlier in Texas, the Sweatt v. Painter decision allowed blacks access to the University of Texas's law school for the first time. Amilcar Shabazz shows that the development of black higher education in Texas--which has historically had one of the largest state college and university systems in the South--played a pivotal role in the challenge to Jim Crow education. Shabazz begins with the creation of the Texas University Movement in the 1880s to lobby for equal access to the full range of graduate and professional education through a first-class university for African Americans. He traces the philosophical, legal, and grassroots components of the later campaign to open all Texas colleges and universities to black students, showing the complex range of strategies and the diversity of ideology and methodology on the part of black activists and intellectuals working to promote educational equality. Shabazz credits the efforts of blacks who fought for change by demanding better resources for segregated black colleges in the years before Brown, showing how crucial groundwork for nationwide desegregation was laid in the state of Texas.

The Transformation of Title IX

The Transformation of Title IX
Author: R. Shep Melnick
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
Total Pages: 337
Release: 2018-03-06
Genre: Education
ISBN: 0815732406

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One civil rights-era law has reshaped American society—and contributed to the country's ongoing culture wars Few laws have had such far-reaching impact as Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972. Intended to give girls and women greater access to sports programs and other courses of study in schools and colleges, the law has since been used by judges and agencies to expand a wide range of antidiscrimination policies—most recently the Obama administration’s 2016 mandates on sexual harassment and transgender rights. In this comprehensive review of how Title IX has been implemented, Boston College political science professor R. Shep Melnick analyzes how interpretations of "equal educational opportunity" have changed over the years. In terms accessible to non-lawyers, Melnick examines how Title IX has become a central part of legal and political campaigns to correct gender stereotypes, not only in academic settings but in society at large. Title IX thus has become a major factor in America's culture wars—and almost certainly will remain so for years to come.

The Privileged Poor

The Privileged Poor
Author: Anthony Abraham Jack
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Total Pages: 464
Release: 2019-03-01
Genre: Education
ISBN: 0674239660

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An NPR Favorite Book of the Year Winner of the Critics’ Choice Book Award, American Educational Studies Association Winner of the Mirra Komarovsky Book Award Winner of the CEP–Mildred García Award for Exemplary Scholarship “Eye-opening...Brings home the pain and reality of on-campus poverty and puts the blame squarely on elite institutions.” —Washington Post “Jack’s investigation redirects attention from the matter of access to the matter of inclusion...His book challenges universities to support the diversity they indulge in advertising.” —New Yorker “The lesson is plain—simply admitting low-income students is just the start of a university’s obligations. Once they’re on campus, colleges must show them that they are full-fledged citizen.” —David Kirp, American Prospect “This book should be studied closely by anyone interested in improving diversity and inclusion in higher education and provides a moving call to action for us all.” —Raj Chetty, Harvard University The Ivy League looks different than it used to. College presidents and deans of admission have opened their doors—and their coffers—to support a more diverse student body. But is it enough just to admit these students? In this bracing exposé, Anthony Jack shows that many students’ struggles continue long after they’ve settled in their dorms. Admission, they quickly learn, is not the same as acceptance. This powerfully argued book documents how university policies and campus culture can exacerbate preexisting inequalities and reveals why some students are harder hit than others.