A Pythagorean Introduction to Number Theory

A Pythagorean Introduction to Number Theory
Author: Ramin Takloo-Bighash
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 279
Release: 2018-11-26
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 3030026043

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Right triangles are at the heart of this textbook’s vibrant new approach to elementary number theory. Inspired by the familiar Pythagorean theorem, the author invites the reader to ask natural arithmetic questions about right triangles, then proceeds to develop the theory needed to respond. Throughout, students are encouraged to engage with the material by posing questions, working through exercises, using technology, and learning about the broader context in which ideas developed. Progressing from the fundamentals of number theory through to Gauss sums and quadratic reciprocity, the first part of this text presents an innovative first course in elementary number theory. The advanced topics that follow, such as counting lattice points and the four squares theorem, offer a variety of options for extension, or a higher-level course; the breadth and modularity of the later material is ideal for creating a senior capstone course. Numerous exercises are included throughout, many of which are designed for SageMath. By involving students in the active process of inquiry and investigation, this textbook imbues the foundations of number theory with insights into the lively mathematical process that continues to advance the field today. Experience writing proofs is the only formal prerequisite for the book, while a background in basic real analysis will enrich the reader’s appreciation of the final chapters.

An Experimental Introduction to Number Theory

An Experimental Introduction to Number Theory
Author: Benjamin Hutz
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Total Pages: 330
Release: 2018-04-17
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 1470430975

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This book presents material suitable for an undergraduate course in elementary number theory from a computational perspective. It seeks to not only introduce students to the standard topics in elementary number theory, such as prime factorization and modular arithmetic, but also to develop their ability to formulate and test precise conjectures from experimental data. Each topic is motivated by a question to be answered, followed by some experimental data, and, finally, the statement and proof of a theorem. There are numerous opportunities throughout the chapters and exercises for the students to engage in (guided) open-ended exploration. At the end of a course using this book, the students will understand how mathematics is developed from asking questions to gathering data to formulating and proving theorems. The mathematical prerequisites for this book are few. Early chapters contain topics such as integer divisibility, modular arithmetic, and applications to cryptography, while later chapters contain more specialized topics, such as Diophantine approximation, number theory of dynamical systems, and number theory with polynomials. Students of all levels will be drawn in by the patterns and relationships of number theory uncovered through data driven exploration.

An Adventurer's Guide to Number Theory

An Adventurer's Guide to Number Theory
Author: Richard Friedberg
Publisher: Courier Corporation
Total Pages: 241
Release: 2012-07-06
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 0486152693

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This witty introduction to number theory deals with the properties of numbers and numbers as abstract concepts. Topics include primes, divisibility, quadratic forms, and related theorems.

Pythagorean Triangles

Pythagorean Triangles
Author: Waclaw Sierpinski
Publisher: Courier Corporation
Total Pages: 130
Release: 2013-04-10
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 0486174832

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This classic text, written by a distinguished mathematician and teacher, focuses on a fundamental theory of geometry. Topics include all types of Pythagorean triangles.

Friendly Introduction to Number Theory, a (Classic Version)

Friendly Introduction to Number Theory, a (Classic Version)
Author: Joseph Silverman
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2017-02-13
Genre: Number theory
ISBN: 9780134689463

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For one-semester undergraduate courses in Elementary Number Theory This title is part of the Pearson Modern Classics series. Pearson Modern Classics are acclaimed titles at a value price. Please visit www.pearsonhighered.com/math-classics-series for a complete list of titles. A Friendly Introduction to Number Theory, 4th Edition is designed to introduce students to the overall themes and methodology of mathematics through the detailed study of one particular facet-number theory. Starting with nothing more than basic high school algebra, students are gradually led to the point of actively performing mathematical research while getting a glimpse of current mathematical frontiers. The writing is appropriate for the undergraduate audience and includes many numerical examples, which are analyzed for patterns and used to make conjectures. Emphasis is on the methods used for proving theorems rather than on specific results.

Number Theory and Geometry: An Introduction to Arithmetic Geometry

Number Theory and Geometry: An Introduction to Arithmetic Geometry
Author: Álvaro Lozano-Robledo
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Total Pages: 488
Release: 2019-03-21
Genre: Arithmetical algebraic geometry
ISBN: 147045016X

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Geometry and the theory of numbers are as old as some of the oldest historical records of humanity. Ever since antiquity, mathematicians have discovered many beautiful interactions between the two subjects and recorded them in such classical texts as Euclid's Elements and Diophantus's Arithmetica. Nowadays, the field of mathematics that studies the interactions between number theory and algebraic geometry is known as arithmetic geometry. This book is an introduction to number theory and arithmetic geometry, and the goal of the text is to use geometry as the motivation to prove the main theorems in the book. For example, the fundamental theorem of arithmetic is a consequence of the tools we develop in order to find all the integral points on a line in the plane. Similarly, Gauss's law of quadratic reciprocity and the theory of continued fractions naturally arise when we attempt to determine the integral points on a curve in the plane given by a quadratic polynomial equation. After an introduction to the theory of diophantine equations, the rest of the book is structured in three acts that correspond to the study of the integral and rational solutions of linear, quadratic, and cubic curves, respectively. This book describes many applications including modern applications in cryptography; it also presents some recent results in arithmetic geometry. With many exercises, this book can be used as a text for a first course in number theory or for a subsequent course on arithmetic (or diophantine) geometry at the junior-senior level.

The Theory of Algebraic Numbers: Second Edition

The Theory of Algebraic Numbers: Second Edition
Author: Harry Pollard
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Total Pages: 162
Release: 1975-12-31
Genre: Algebraic number theory
ISBN: 1614440093

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This monograph makes available, in English, the elementary parts of classical algebraic number theory. This second edition follows closely the plan and style of the first edition. The principal changes are the correction of misprints, the expansion or simplification of some arguments, and the omission of the final chapter on units in order to make way for the introduction of some two hundred problems.

A Primer of Analytic Number Theory

A Primer of Analytic Number Theory
Author: Jeffrey Stopple
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 404
Release: 2003-06-23
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 9780521012539

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An undergraduate-level 2003 introduction whose only prerequisite is a standard calculus course.

Number Theory

Number Theory
Author: John J. Watkins
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Total Pages: 592
Release: 2013-12-26
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 0691159408

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An introductory textbook with a unique historical approach to teaching number theory The natural numbers have been studied for thousands of years, yet most undergraduate textbooks present number theory as a long list of theorems with little mention of how these results were discovered or why they are important. This book emphasizes the historical development of number theory, describing methods, theorems, and proofs in the contexts in which they originated, and providing an accessible introduction to one of the most fascinating subjects in mathematics. Written in an informal style by an award-winning teacher, Number Theory covers prime numbers, Fibonacci numbers, and a host of other essential topics in number theory, while also telling the stories of the great mathematicians behind these developments, including Euclid, Carl Friedrich Gauss, and Sophie Germain. This one-of-a-kind introductory textbook features an extensive set of problems that enable students to actively reinforce and extend their understanding of the material, as well as fully worked solutions for many of these problems. It also includes helpful hints for when students are unsure of how to get started on a given problem. Uses a unique historical approach to teaching number theory Features numerous problems, helpful hints, and fully worked solutions Discusses fun topics like Pythagorean tuning in music, Sudoku puzzles, and arithmetic progressions of primes Includes an introduction to Sage, an easy-to-learn yet powerful open-source mathematics software package Ideal for undergraduate mathematics majors as well as non-math majors Digital solutions manual (available only to professors)

Number Theory Revealed: A Masterclass

Number Theory Revealed: A Masterclass
Author: Andrew Granville
Publisher: American Mathematical Society
Total Pages: 587
Release: 2020-09-23
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 1470463709

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Number Theory Revealed: A Masterclass acquaints enthusiastic students with the “Queen of Mathematics”. The text offers a fresh take on congruences, power residues, quadratic residues, primes, and Diophantine equations and presents hot topics like cryptography, factoring, and primality testing. Students are also introduced to beautiful enlightening questions like the structure of Pascal's triangle mod $p$ and modern twists on traditional questions like the values represented by binary quadratic forms, the anatomy of integers, and elliptic curves. This Masterclass edition contains many additional chapters and appendices not found in Number Theory Revealed: An Introduction, highlighting beautiful developments and inspiring other subjects in mathematics (like algebra). This allows instructors to tailor a course suited to their own (and their students') interests. There are new yet accessible topics like the curvature of circles in a tiling of a circle by circles, the latest discoveries on gaps between primes, a new proof of Mordell's Theorem for congruent elliptic curves, and a discussion of the $abc$-conjecture including its proof for polynomials. About the Author: Andrew Granville is the Canada Research Chair in Number Theory at the University of Montreal and professor of mathematics at University College London. He has won several international writing prizes for exposition in mathematics, including the 2008 Chauvenet Prize and the 2019 Halmos-Ford Prize, and is the author of Prime Suspects (Princeton University Press, 2019), a beautifully illustrated graphic novel murder mystery that explores surprising connections between the anatomies of integers and of permutations.