All professionals involved in the shipping industry need a broad understanding of the rules that govern the carriage of goods by sea. This concise guide is an established reference for practical shipping professionals and those studying maritime law. It provides a clear explanation of the operation of both sets of rules, and how they are interpreted by English and foreign courts. The rules are set out clause by clause with accompanying commentary on their meaning and intention, and practical examples. The differences between the two sets of rules are highlighted, and the effects of the differences explained. Completely revised for this fourth edition, the text now includes: a new section on current developments in legislation governing the carriage of goods by sea in major maritime jurisdictions; the 1994 York-Antwerp rules; Lloyd's salvage agreement (LOF 95); the 1976 Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims (LLMC); convention together with its 1996 protocol; the CMI uniform rules for sea waybills; and the CMI rules for electronic bills of lading.