A Comparison of African-American Athletes' Nurturing Experiences at Historically Black and Historically White Colleges/universities

A Comparison of African-American Athletes' Nurturing Experiences at Historically Black and Historically White Colleges/universities
Author: Gerald M. Martin
Publisher:
Total Pages: 99
Release: 2009
Genre: Academic achievement
ISBN:
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"The belief that Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCU) nurture African-American students better than Historically White Colleges and Universities (HWCU) is widely held. This belief is likely grounded in the historical development of American higher education. Sellers and Kuperminc (1997) proposed that African-American athletes at HBCU will transition better than those at HWCU because they will not be goal discrepant. The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of nurturing experiences of African American athletes at HBCU versus HWCU by Processors, Student Affairs Staff, and Athletics Staff. The problem question was, "Are African-American athletes nurturing levels similar at HBCU and HWCU?" There were 30 students (11 female and 19 male) from the HCBU and 35 students (20 female and 15 male) from the HWCU. The respondents completed a 36-item Nurturing Experience scale developed from a pilot study. The MANOVA results for the institutional-type comparisons on all 12 dependent variables [3 staff types x 4 nurturing dimensions] suggests no statistically significant difference [F(12,52) = 1.40, p = .197] between institution types. Due to the exploratory nature of this study, follow-up univariate results were analyzed. The univariate results indicated that there were statistically significant differences between institution-types for Athletic Staff Career Development (F = 6.43, p = .014) and Athletic Staff Career Experiences (F = 4.85, p = .031). There were no significant differences between institution-types for the remaining 10 dependent variables. These results revealed two key findings. First, there was no overall significant difference between HBCU and HWCU nurturing levels. Second, the univariate differences that did emerge were on the Career Development and Career Experiences dimensions; these indicated that HWCU had higher nurturing scores. The differences that were found may be explained by resource discrepancies that exist at HBCU (receiving fewer) versus HWCU (receiving more). The results suggest that in today's educational environment, both institution types may nurture African-American student-athletes similarly. This is contrary to Sellars and Kuperminc's assumption that HBCU would nurture better. Studies with larger samples are needed to develop a fuller picture of nurturing levels at HBCU and HWCU."--Abstract from author supplied metadata.

The Athletic Experience at Historically Black Colleges and Universities

The Athletic Experience at Historically Black Colleges and Universities
Author: Billy Hawkins
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Total Pages: 284
Release: 2015-08-01
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 144225369X
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Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) are valuable institutions that provide intellectual domains for racial uplift, racial refuge, and cultural empowerment within a continually polarized nation. Today’s current racial climate reminds us of the historical context that gave birth to HBCUs and segregated athletic experiences. While the sporting life at HBCUs is an integral part of these institutions’ mission, there is a dearth of research about HBCU athletics. In The Athletic Experience at Historically Black Colleges and Universities: Past, Present, and Persistence, leading scholars from across the nation present a holistic examination of the integral role sports have played at HBCUs. Chapters in this volume cover a range of topics, from HBCU Football Classics to economics. It begins with a historical overview of HBCUs and the early sporting life before delving into the experiences of today’s male and female student-athletes—including the unique perspectives of athletes who transferred from historically White colleges and universities to HBCUs. Other chapters examine economic issues at HBCUs, such as the financial viability of their athletic departments in the context of the larger NCAA economic framework, and recommendations for the future of HBCU athletics to restore both academic and athletic excellence at these institutions. An important addition to the existing literature on race in contemporary society, this volume provides a narrative of the Black experience from the historical origins of educating Blacks, their early athletic experiences, and the current state of athletics at HBCUs. The Athletic Experience at Historically Black Colleges and Universities is a significant contribution to the debate on college athletics and higher education, in general, and athletics at HBCUs, specifically. It is a must-read for sport studies scholars and students, sport management practitioners, and sport enthusiasts of the inter-workings of athletics and the HBCU experience.

Black Males and Intercollegiate Athletics

Black Males and Intercollegiate Athletics
Author: Robert A. Bennett III
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
Total Pages: 384
Release: 2015-06-03
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1784413933
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This volume focuses on the issues African American males face not only as participants in athletic competition as student-athletes but also as coaches, administrators, and academic support staff. It will serve as a valuable resource for educational policy makers, especially athletic association personnel (i.e. NCAA), and other constituents.

The New Plantation

The New Plantation
Author: B. Hawkins
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 238
Release: 2010-02-15
Genre: Education
ISBN: 023010553X
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The New Plantation examines the controversial relationship between predominantly White NCAA Division I Institutions (PWI s) and black athletes, utilizing an internal colonial model. It provides a much-needed in-depth analysis to fully comprehend the magnitude of the forces at work that impact black athletes experiences at PWI s. Hawkins provides a conceptual framework for understanding the structural arrangements of PWI s and how they present challenges to Black athletes academic success; yet, challenges some have overcome and gone on to successful careers, while many have succumbed to these prevailing structural arrangements and have not benefited accordingly. The work is a call for academic reform, collective accountability from the communities that bear the burden of nurturing this athletic talent and the institutions that benefit from it, and collective consciousness to the Black male athletes that make of the largest percentage of athletes who generate the most revenue for the NCAA and its member institutions. Its hope is to promote a balanced exchange in the athletic services rendered and the educational services received.

College Adjustment of Black/African American Student-athletes at Predominately-white Institutions and Historically Black Colleges and Universities

College Adjustment of Black/African American Student-athletes at Predominately-white Institutions and Historically Black Colleges and Universities
Author: Sheriece Sadberry
Publisher:
Total Pages: 96
Release: 2010
Genre: African American athletes
ISBN:
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A dearth of research studies has examined the psychosocial experiences of African American college student-athletes. By comparison, numerous studies have examined the adjustment process of African American students at predominately White institutions (PWIs). The literature shows African Americans have a difficult time adjusting at PWIs due to numerous factors, including general stressors (e.g. financial concerns) and race-related stressors (e.g. racial insensitivity by professors) (2004; Prillerman, Myers, & Smedley, 1989; Sedlacek, 1999). In regards to college athletes, research indicates that the structure of the campus environment challenges student-athletes' capacity to fit in and adhere to expectations regardless of their racial background (Cogan & Petrie, 1996; Ridinger & Pastore, 2000). Nonetheless, it is critical to understand how the campus environment at-large and within the sports context influence African American student-athletes' adjustment. In the current study latent profile analysis (LPA) was employed to better understand the adjustment of African American student-athletes based on perceived social support, perceived campus racial climate, team cohesion, and life events. Results indicated three profile groups of African American student-athletes emerged and can be used to predict college adjustment concerns and campus setting (predominately White institutions and Historically Black Colleges and Universities). Implications are discussed to offer athletic directors, coaches, and practitioners a means to capitalize on identifying facilitators of healthy adjustment, ensuring that the overall campus, and more specifically the sport environment, provides a safe, encouraging place for the success of African American student-athletes.

From Slaveships to Scholarships

From Slaveships to Scholarships
Author: Charles Pinkney
Publisher: AuthorHouse
Total Pages: 194
Release: 2017-06-26
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1524693901
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In an era when black athletes are commonly compared to the African slaves, Dr. Pinckney attempts to draw a connection to William Rhoden’s “Forty Million Dollar Slaves” and Harry Edward’s earlier work about the black athletes’ integration and segregation issues. Furthermore, this book is an attempt to chronicle the past and current history of blacks in sports. This book reads like a hybrid book—part history, part sociology, and part current issues. Dr. Pinckney captures the rise and slow decline of segregation in college and professional athletics. Dr. Pinckney examines how social and political forces imposed policies of racism, and explains the social forces that eventually forced blacks and historical black colleges and universities to accept second class–segregated competition. By some accounts five hundred years ago, our African ancestors were running from the slave catcher and slave ships to avoid slavery; however, today the descendants of slaves are still running. In fact, they are running, jumping, shooting baskets, and catching odd-shaped balls for their masters. Sporting events such as track and field, football, and basketball are mainly dominated by blacks. On any given Saturday afternoon at majority-white institutions, the black athlete can be found entertaining not only their immediate white master, but their white masters in terms of the disproportionate number of white fans, including faculty, staff, and college administrators. This in itself has predated far too many black athletes to slavery and the conditions of modern-day slavery at the hand of athletics. Truly, sports in America today as we know it has psychologically damaged the black athlete.

Racism in College Athletics

Racism in College Athletics
Author: Dana D. Brooks
Publisher:
Total Pages: 352
Release: 2000
Genre: Biography & Autobiography
ISBN:
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Features several articles from leading scholars, including The African American Athlete: Social Myths and Stereotypes, Sociohistorical Influences on African American Elite Sportswomen and Race Law and College Athletics.

Sport and the Color Line

Sport and the Color Line
Author: Patrick B. Miller
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 400
Release: 2004-06-01
Genre: History
ISBN: 1135941165
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The year 2003 marks the one-hundredth anniversary of W.E.B. Du Bois' "Souls of Black Folk," in which he declared that "the color line" would be the problem of the twentieth century. Half a century later, Jackie Robinson would display his remarkable athletic skills in "baseball's great experiment." Now, "Sport and the Color Line" takes a look at the last century through the lens of sports and race, drawing together articles by many of the leading figures in Sport Studies to address the African American experience and the history of race relations. The history of African Americans in sport is not simple, and it certainly did not begin in 1947 when Jackie Robinson first donned a Brooklyn Dodgers uniform. The essays presented here examine the complexity of black American sports culture, from the organization of semi-pro baseball and athletic programs at historically black colleges and universities, to the careers of individual stars such as Jack Johnson and Joe Louis, to the challenges faced by black women in sports. What are today's black athletes doing in the aftermath of desegregation, or with the legacy of Muhammad Ali's political stance? The essays gathered here engage such issues, as well as the paradoxes of corporate sport and the persistence of scientific racism in the athletic realm.