The U.S. Air Force (USAF) and the other military services have a long history of innovation in human resource management (HRM). The recent industry boom in data-related technologies has prompted USAF leaders to sponsor research on how these technologies could further improve HRM decisions. This report describes the common theme of this research portfolio, which is that adopting HRM practices that are technology-enabled could lead to more-effective talent management. Of course, technologies exist on a spectrum, and the USAF, like all other organizations, already rely on some technologies to perform HRM functions. However, by pursuing the latest technological advances, the USAF can continue to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of HRM processes. To help policymakers understand the contrast between technology-enabled practices and practices already in place that make use of rich data, this report describes industry practices that fit under the umbrella of technology-enabled talent management and presents a framework highlighting the distinctive features of those practices. The authors focus principally on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and other analytic techniques to derive insight from data at speed and scale. The authors then present use cases in which recent research has demonstrated technology-enabled practices in the USAF context, discuss barriers to further implementation, and present an implementation structure for moving toward greater adoption of these practices.