The Impact of the Advisor-advisee Relationship Among Black and Latino/a/x STEM Graduate Students at Predominantly White Institutions

The Impact of the Advisor-advisee Relationship Among Black and Latino/a/x STEM Graduate Students at Predominantly White Institutions
Author: Tasia C. Bryson
Publisher:
Total Pages: 153
Release: 2021
Genre: Critical race theory
ISBN:

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An advisor is often the most central and powerful person influencing a student's trajectory through graduate school (Barnes & Austin, 2009). This dissertation consisted of three articles that focused on the impact of the advisor-advisee relationship among Black and Latino/a/x students in STEM graduate programs at predominantly White institutions (PWIs) from the student perspective. Two frameworks were used to analyze data and guide the research: Black Feminist Thought (BFT) and Critical Race Theory (CRT). BFT was used to explore Black women's experiences at Predominately White institutions as it provides an in-depth understanding of Black women's perspectives. CRT was used when exploring Black and Latino/a/x students because it focuses on race and racism and challenges traditional paradigm methods and text impacts communities of color. Using a qualitative research approach, data were collected through six unique semi-structured interviews over three years with each participant. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and then analyzed with emergent coding. This study's data emerged from a more extensive study focusing on the experiences of Black and Latino/a/x students enrolled in STEM/SBE graduate programs at three PWIs in the Midwest. Purposeful sampling was used from this larger population to identify nineteen Black and Latino/a/x students in STEM graduate programs for a more in-depth analysis of the advisor- advisee relationship. Findings suggest students select their advisors for various reasons: personality compatibility, lab availability, research interest, funding, and faculty interest in working with a student. Participants reported that their relationship with their advisors changed over time. Accessibility, trust, and communication were recurring themes that influenced the advisor-advisee relationship. Advisors influenced Black and Latino/a/x students’ career decisions when they asked about career interests, discuss career options, be a role model, and assisting with networking and resources. Findings from this study may help inform advisors on how to assist minority advisees at PWIs better.

An Asset-Based Approach to Advancing Latina Students in STEM

An Asset-Based Approach to Advancing Latina Students in STEM
Author: Elsa M. Gonzalez
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 208
Release: 2020-11-18
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1000259536

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This timely volume challenges the ongoing underrepresentation of Latina women in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM), and highlights resilience as a critical communal response to increasing their representation in degree programs and academic posts. An Asset-Based Approach to Advancing Latina Students in STEM documents the racialized and gendered experiences of Latinas studying and researching in STEM in US colleges, and centers resilience as a critical mechanism in combating deficit narratives. Adopting an asset-based approach, chapters illustrate how Latinas draw on their cultural background as a source of individual and communal strength, and indicate how this cultural wealth must be nurtured and used to inform leadership and policy to motivate, encourage, and support Latinas on the pathway to graduate degrees and successful STEM careers. By highlighting strategies to increase personal resilience and institutional retention of Latina women, the text offers key insights to bolstering diversity in STEM. This text will primarily appeal to academics, scholars, educators, and researchers in the fields of STEM education. It will also benefit those working in broader areas of higher education and multicultural education, as well as those interested in the advancement of minorities inside and outside of academia. Elsa M. Gonzalez is Assistant Professor of Higher Education at the University of Houston, USA. Frank Fernandez is Assistant Professor of Higher Education at the University of Mississippi, USA. Miranda Wilson earned a Ph.D. in Higher Education Leadership and Policy Studies at the University of Houston, USA.

African American Graduate Student Perspectives of the Advisory Working Alliance in Cross-racial Dyads

African American Graduate Student Perspectives of the Advisory Working Alliance in Cross-racial Dyads
Author: Eanah Whaley
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2014
Genre:
ISBN:

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Although the representation of African Americans obtaining doctoral degrees has increased, the representation of African Americans in tenure track faculty positions has not. A potential explanation that has been offered for this disparity is the difficulty many minority students have in establishing successful programs of research. As such, faculty mentoring has been highlighted as an important resource for minority graduate students. Previous research has demonstrated links between positive graduate level advising experiences and variables such as attitudes towards research and research self-efficacy. Recently, Schlosser et al. (2011) have posited a Multiculturally Infused Model of Graduate Advising Relationships which attends to both the process and outcome of advising, with particular attention to the potential effects of multicultural variables such as cultural mistrust (Terrell& Terrell, 1981) on formation and maintenance of the advisory working alliance. The purpose of the current investigation was to explore the applicability of certain tenants the Multiculturally Infused Model of Graduate Advising Relationships for a sample of African American doctoral students from diverse fields of study. Specifically, the current study examined cultural mistrust as a moderator of the positive relationships expected between the advisory working alliance and research training outcome variables. Participants were 195 African American doctoral students attending doctoral programs at research intensive institutions. Results of the current investigation showed that variables shown to contribute variance to the Advisory Working Alliance (AWA) in previous studies were also supported in the present study (i.e., perceived availability of advisor, similarity of research interests with advisor, frequency of meeting with advisor). Variance in research self-efficacy and research outcome expectations was explained by the AWA. The AWA did not significantly explain variance in interest in research. Cultural mistrust did not serve as a moderator for the AWA research self-efficacy or research outcome expectations link. Post hoc analyses showed that only one AWA subscale, identification-individuation, contributed to variance in the IRQ. Lastly, post-hoc analyses revealed that cultural mistrust also did not moderate between pairing method and the AWA or similarity of interests and the AWA.

The Latina/o Pathway to the Ph.D.

The Latina/o Pathway to the Ph.D.
Author: Jeanett Castellanos
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 217
Release: 2023-07-03
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1000978397

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The Latina/o population constitutes the largest racial and ethnic minority group in the U.S. and is disproportionately under-represented in college and in graduate programs. This is the first book specifically to engage with the absence of Latinas/os in doctoral studies. It proposes educational and administrative strategies to open up the pipeline, and institutional practices to ensure access, support, models and training for Latinas/os aspiring to the Ph.D. The under-education of Latina/o youth begins early. Given that by twelfth grade half will stop out or be pushed out of high school, and only seven percent will complete a college degree, it is not surprising so few enter graduate studies. When Latina/o students do enter higher education, few attend those colleges or universities that are gateways to graduate degrees. Regardless of the type of higher education institution they attend, Latinas/os often encounter social and academic isolation, unaffordable costs, and lack of support.This historic under-representation has created a vicious cycle of limited social and economic mobility. There is a paucity of the Latina/o faculty and leaders whom research shows are essential for changing campus climate and influencing institutions to adapt to the needs of a changing student body. As a result, Latina/o graduate students often have few role models, advocates or mentors, and limited support for their research agendas.By reviewing the pipeline from kindergarten through university, this book provides the needed data and insights to effect change for policy makers, administrators, faculty, and staff; and material for reflection for aspiring Latina/o Ph.D.s on the paths they have taken and the road ahead.The book then addresses the unique experiences and challenges faced by Latina/os in doctoral programs, and offers guidance for students and those responsible for them. Chapters cover issues of gender and generational differences, the role of culture in the graduate school, mentorship, pursuing research, and professional development opportunities for Latina/os.The book closes with the voices of by Latina/o students who are currently pursuing or recently completed their doctoral degree. These narratives describe their cultural and educational journeys, providing insight into their personal and professional experiences. These stories bring alive the graduate experience for anyone interested in successful recruitment, retention, and graduation of Latina/o doctoral students – an inspiration and guidance to those aspiring to the doctorate.

The Social Support Networks of Students who Identify as Black and Latino/a/x in STEM and SBE Graduate Programs at Predominately White Institutions

The Social Support Networks of Students who Identify as Black and Latino/a/x in STEM and SBE Graduate Programs at Predominately White Institutions
Author: Kristi A. Tullis
Publisher:
Total Pages: 166
Release: 2021
Genre: College environment
ISBN:

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Graduate students from historically underrepresented minority (URM) groups (those who identify as Black/African-American, Hispanic/Latino/a/x, Native American, Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders and/or Alaska Natives) encounter systemic and institutional hindrances to degree completion when enrolled in STEM doctoral programs at predominantly white institutions (Guiffrida & Douthit, 2010). Support networks have been identified as an important component for retention and success for graduate students from URM groups (Carlone & Johnson, 2007; Clewell, 1987; Johnson-Bailey, Valentine, Cervero, & Bowles, 2008; Joseph, 2012; Sweitzer, 2009). This study investigates the composition and structure of URM graduate students’ support networks, where their support comes from, in what capacity, if URM women graduate students gravitate toward support systems that match their cultural/racial background or gender identity, and if URM students who complete degrees experience feelings of loneliness and isolation, which is a contributing factor to underrepresentation of students from these minority groups (Gloria, Robinson, Hamilton, & Willson, 1999). Data for this study were collected through a longitudinal interview process combined with four social network surveys per individual as students progressed through their programs. Interview data allowed for longitudinal tracking of social support network members, which was triangulated with the data from the social networking surveys and analyzed through the lenses of egocentric network analysis, constructivist grounded theory, and critical race theory. Many participants in this study needed and found a strong support network through student organizations that matched their cultural/ethnic/racial background. Countless students struggled with feelings of isolation and loneliness, yet finding support from campus groups helped fill this void. The final data collected after most of them had left graduate school showed significant discrepancy between their reported robust social network and their open-response data where they indicated a significantly reduced social network and the onset of feelings of loneliness. This dissertation, while focusing on social support networks for these URM graduate students at predominantly white institutions, has the potential to address social justice issues and equal opportunities for those identifying as Black/African American and Hispanic/Latino/a/x, encourage the importance of reaching a critical mass in higher education settings, work toward combating systemic racism, add greater diversity and perspectives to the more elite careers that these degrees will lead to, and show the importance of having a social support network while pursuing a prestigious degree, the PhD.

Bonding, Bridging, and Linking: Investigating Collaborative Approaches Towards Expanding the Representation of African American and Latinx Students Pursuing Graduate Study in STEM

Bonding, Bridging, and Linking: Investigating Collaborative Approaches Towards Expanding the Representation of African American and Latinx Students Pursuing Graduate Study in STEM
Author: Kimberly Freeman
Publisher:
Total Pages: 158
Release: 2018
Genre:
ISBN:

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This multi-site case study explored collaborative interpersonal and organizational relationships among university administrators, business leaders, and nonprofit stakeholders at three University of California campuses (UCLA, UC Berkeley, and UC Davis). These stakeholders engaged in efforts to expand African American and Latinx representation in STEM graduate programs. Inside California's selective public research universities, African Americans and Latinx students comprise only 14 percent of graduate students enrolled across all disciplines. Globalization, shifting demographics, and scarce financial resources have shifted the landscape for diversity in higher education and tasked institutions within the UC system to develop strategies to achieve truly diverse student populations. This study employed a theoretical framework based upon theories of social systems, collaborative complexity, and social capital to investigate URM recruitment for graduate study in a "STEM College." Using a statewide sample drawn from participants linked to three University of California campuses, data was collected and analyzed from semi-structured interviews in order to compose three case studies. Case study is a valuable technique because of its rich detail. Moreover, case study allows the researcher to learn more about developing and implementing a new program or strategy. There were four key findings from this research. First, stakeholders intentionally collaborated to achieve shared goals in conducting outreach to prospective underrepresented minority (URM) graduate students. Second, stakeholders collaborated to identify and provide research and job opportunities for URM students enrolled in STEM graduate programs. Third, the financial resources and power dynamics of business leaders' relationships as alumni and with school leadership, gave them additional leverage to influence diversity strategies at the three campuses studied. Fourth, stakeholders collaborated in designing support services to mitigate social isolation many of the URM students encountered on the campuses studied. As a result of this study, campus administrators, business leaders, and nonprofit influencers and advocates now have information about multi-faceted, collaborative approaches designed to increase enrollment of African American and Latinx candidates in STEM graduate programs at UC campuses.

Advising African American Males

Advising African American Males
Author: Terrance Jerhmal McClain
Publisher:
Total Pages: 460
Release: 2019
Genre: African American men
ISBN:

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Research acknowledges high quality advising as being linked to retention and student success. Training and professional development received by academic advisors is undoubtedly connected to the quality of advising and a significant amount of research has been carried out on this topic. Unfortunately, the current research related to advisor training and professional development is limited, in that differences in advising practices for ethnic minorities, especially African American males are scarcely considered. In addition, while current literature and research has identified variables related to African American males and advising, the perspectives of professional academic advisors is seldom represented in the literature. The purpose of this study was to analyze workplace learning experiences of professional academic advisors, utilizing adult learning theories (in particular, self-directed learning, experiential learning, and transformative learning). Specifically, this study sought to understand how advisors learn to serve African American males more effectively. Workplace learning experiences as well as adult learning concepts were investigated as advisors entered the profession and as they continued to develop in their careers. This phenomenological study included analysis of interviews and critical incidents described by nine academic advisors from a predominately White public emerging research university, now designated as a Hispanic Serving Institution (HIS) in the southwest region of the United States. Overall, the concepts of experiential learning, self-directed learning, and transformative learning were evident in the advisors' learning experiences. These experiences were also analyzed in terms of elements and concepts of workplace learning and the level of formality were used to facilitate learning. Results indicate that workplaces that presented opportunities for both nonformal and informal learning were the most impactful to advisors' learning for serving African American male students. The results of the study inform current advising practices regarding work with African American males and dispute notions that nonformal learning is ineffective to advisor continued education. Informal learning was also identified as significant in advisor education. The findings carry implications for training and development of advisors as well as alternative solutions to assisting African American males within the advising process should nonformal methods such as conferences not be available. Ideas for future research on advising African American males at community colleges, private universities, multiple four-year public universities, in addition to advising other diverse populations are also presented.

Developing Graduate Students of Color for the Professoriate in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)

Developing Graduate Students of Color for the Professoriate in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2006
Genre: African American college students
ISBN:

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Focuses particularly on the graduate school experience and degree of preparation for the professoriate of African American doctoral students in the sciences and engineering, and presents the results of a survey of 33 African American STEM Ph. D.s from the University of California earned between 1980-1990. Relationships with thesis advisors and principal investigators are evaluated by the study participants in fifteen specific areas from highly-ranked intellectual development to low-ranked training in grant writing. Deficits in training and socialization are discussed along with the tension between being both an African American and a graduate student. Career choices and outcomes are presented. These findings, in conjunction with current analyses of graduate education in STEM, suggest ways in which graduate training for all could be improved. The educational system as it has developed both in Europe and America [is] an antiquated process which does not hit the mark even in the case of the needs of the white man himself. If the white man wants to hold on to it, let him do so, but the Negro, so far as he is able, should develop and carry out a program of his own. (Woodson, 1933, in Jones, 2000).