Migration, Remittances, Poverty, and Human Capital

Migration, Remittances, Poverty, and Human Capital
Author: David McKenzie
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 16
Release: 2007
Genre: Emigration and immigration
ISBN: 0707061539

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This paper reviews common challenges faced by researchers interested in measuring the impact of migration and remittances on income, poverty, inequality, and human capital (or, in general, "welfare") as well as difficulties confronting development practitioners in converting this research into policy advice. On the analytical side, the paper discusses the proper formulation of a research question, the choice of the analytical tools, as well as the interpretation of the results in the presence of pervasive endogeneity in all decisions surrounding migration. Particular attention is given to the use of instrumental variables in migration research. On the policy side, the paper argues that the private nature of migration and remittances implies a need to carefully spell out the rationale for interventions. It also notices the lack of good migration data and proper evaluations of migration-related government policies. The paper focuses mainly on microeconomic evidence about international migration, but much of the discussion extends to other settings as well.

The Impact of Remittances on Poverty and Human Capital

The Impact of Remittances on Poverty and Human Capital
Author: Pablo Acosta
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 36
Release: 2007
Genre: Debt Markets
ISBN:

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This paper explores the impact of remittances on poverty, education, and health in 11 Latin American countries using nationally representative household surveys and making an explicit attempt to account for one of the inherent costs associated with migration -- the potential income that the migrant may have made at home. The main findings of the study are the following: (1) regardless of the counterfactual used remittances appear to lower poverty levels in most recipient countries; (2) yet despite this general tendency, the estimated impacts tend to be modes; and (3) there is significant country heterogeneity in the poverty reduction impact of remittances' flows. Among the aspects that have been identified in the paper that may lead to varying outcomes across countries are the percentage of households reporting remittances income, the share of remittances of recipient households belonging to the lowest quintiles of the income distribution, and the relative importance of remittances flows with respect to GDP. While remittances tend to have positive effects on education and health, this impact is often restricted to specific groups of the population.

The Impact of Remittances on Poverty and Human Capital

The Impact of Remittances on Poverty and Human Capital
Author: Pablo A. Acosta
Publisher:
Total Pages: 36
Release: 2016
Genre:
ISBN:

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This paper explores the impact of remittances on poverty, education, and health in 11 Latin American countries using nationally representative household surveys and making an explicit attempt to account for one of the inherent costs associated with migration - the potential income that the migrant may have made at home. The main findings of the study are the following: (1) regardless of the counterfactual used remittances appear to lower poverty levels in most recipient countries; (2) yet despite this general tendency, the estimated impacts tend to be modest; and (3) there is significant country heterogeneity in the poverty reduction impact of remittances' flows. Among the aspects that have been identified in the paper that may lead to varying outcomes across countries are the percentage of households reporting remittances income, the share of remittances of recipient households belonging to the lowest quintiles of the income distribution, and the relative importance of remittances flows with respect to GDP. While remittances tend to have positive effects on education and health, this impact is often restricted to specific groups of the population.

The Impact of Remittances on Poverty and Human Capital

The Impact of Remittances on Poverty and Human Capital
Author: Pablo Acosta
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2012
Genre:
ISBN:

Download The Impact of Remittances on Poverty and Human Capital Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

This paper explores the impact of remittances on poverty, education, and health in 11 Latin American countries using nationally representative household surveys and making an explicit attempt to account for one of the inherent costs associated with migration-the potential income that the migrant may have made at home. The main findings of the study are the following: (1) regardless of the counterfactual used remittances appear to lower poverty levels in most recipient countries; (2) yet despite this general tendency, the estimated impacts tend to be modest; and (3) there is significant country heterogeneity in the poverty reduction impact of remittances' flows. Among the aspects that have been identified in the paper that may lead to varying outcomes across countries are the percentage of households reporting remittances income, the share of remittances of recipient households belonging to the lowest quintiles of the income distribution, and the relative importance of remittances flows with respect to GDP. While remittances tend to have positive effects on education and health, this impact is often restricted to specific groups of the population.

Migration, Remittances, Poverty, and Human Capital

Migration, Remittances, Poverty, and Human Capital
Author: David J. McKenzie
Publisher:
Total Pages: 16
Release: 2016
Genre:
ISBN:

Download Migration, Remittances, Poverty, and Human Capital Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

This paper reviews common challenges faced by researchers interested in measuring the impact of migration and remittances on income, poverty, inequality, and human capital (or, in general,welfare) as well as difficulties confronting development practitioners in converting this research into policy advice. On the analytical side, the paper discusses the proper formulation of a research question, the choice of the analytical tools, as well as the interpretation of the results in the presence of pervasive endogeneity in all decisions surrounding migration. Particular attention is given to the use of instrumental variables in migration research. On the policy side, the paper argues that the private nature of migration and remittances implies a need to carefully spell out the rationale for interventions. It also notices the lack of good migration data and proper evaluations of migration-related government policies. The paper focuses mainly on microeconomic evidence about international migration, but much of the discussion extends to other settings as well.

Migration, Remittances, Poverty, and Human Capital

Migration, Remittances, Poverty, and Human Capital
Author: David McKenzie
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2012
Genre:
ISBN:

Download Migration, Remittances, Poverty, and Human Capital Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

This paper reviews common challenges faced by researchers interested in measuring the impact of migration and remittances on income, poverty, inequality, and human capital (or, in general, "welfare") as well as difficulties confronting development practitioners in converting this research into policy advice. On the analytical side, the paper discusses the proper formulation of a research question, the choice of the analytical tools, as well as the interpretation of the results in the presence of pervasive endogeneity in all decisions surrounding migration. Particular attention is given to the use of instrumental variables in migration research. On the policy side, the paper argues that the private nature of migration and remittances implies a need to carefully spell out the rationale for interventions. It also notices the lack of good migration data and proper evaluations of migration-related government policies. The paper focuses mainly on microeconomic evidence about international migration, but much of the discussion extends to other settings as well.

Impact of remittance flow on economic growth and poverty reduction in Nepal

Impact of remittance flow on economic growth and poverty reduction in Nepal
Author: Bikal Dhungel
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Total Pages: 83
Release: 2016-06-03
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 3668233187

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Master's Thesis from the year 2015 in the subject Economics - Case Scenarios, grade: Very good, University of Glasgow (Adam Smith Business School), course: Master of Science in Economic Development, language: English, abstract: This research uses time-series data to examine the impact of international remittance flow on economic growth and poverty reduction in Nepal. It applies the econometric model suggested by Ravallion (2001), Ravallion and Chen (1997) and Adam and Page (2005) for remittance and poverty and Quayyum et al (2008) for remittance and growth. Both micro and macro level impacts were considered. The regression results show that remittance flow is positively and significantly correlated with economic growth and poverty reduction in Nepalese context. The finding suggests that in the short run international remittance flow had positive contribution in economic growth and poverty reduction through investments in health, education and consumption. Remittance also contributed to relax credit constraints, especially for the poor and in macro level, helped to finance trade deficit, accumulate foreign exchange reserves and to reduce government debt. However, a deeper analysis of the last two decades shows that increased remittance flow has been the major cause of decline of tradable sector through „Dutch Disease‟ effects. Moreover, remittance contributed to higher inflation, eroded work habits and brought adverse social costs. Combined, the long term impact of remittance seems to be overwhelmingly negative in Nepal.

Workers' Remittances, Economic Growth and Poverty in Developing Asia and the Pacific Countries

Workers' Remittances, Economic Growth and Poverty in Developing Asia and the Pacific Countries
Author: Juthathip Jongwanich
Publisher: United Nations Publications
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2007
Genre: Asia
ISBN: 9789211205091

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This paper examines the impact of workers' remittances on growth and poverty reduction in developing Asia-Pacific countries using panel data over the period 1993-2003. The results suggests that, while remittances do have a significant impact on poverty reduction through increasing income, smoothing consumption and easing capital constraints of the poor, they have only a marginal impact on growth operating through domestic investment and human capital development.

The Impact of Remittances on Economic Activity: The Importance of Sectoral Linkages

The Impact of Remittances on Economic Activity: The Importance of Sectoral Linkages
Author: Hector Perez-Saiz
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 37
Release: 2019-08-16
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1498324487

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We propose a simple macroeconomic model with input-output sectoral linkages based on Acemoglu et al. (2016) to quantify how changes in aggregate demand due to additional income from household’s remittances propagates through the network of input-output linkages in Sub-Saharan African countries. We first propose two network centrality measures to assess the role of some sectors as key input providers in the economy. Then, we use these measures to quantify the effect of sectoral linkages on sectoral and total output following an increase in remittances inflows. Our empirical results suggest that the effects of remittances on recipient economies increase with the degree of linkages across sectors, which is especially prominent in the case of the financial intermediation sector. Our paper contributes to the emerging macroeconomic literature on the propagation of shocks across sectors and the implications for the whole economy.

Do Workers' Remittances Bring Economic Growth to Receiving Countries?

Do Workers' Remittances Bring Economic Growth to Receiving Countries?
Author: Anna Miller
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Total Pages: 14
Release: 2013-05-13
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 365642750X

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Seminar paper from the year 2013 in the subject Economics - Job market economics, grade: 64%, University of Nottingham (Economics), course: MSc in Applied Economics and Financial Economics, language: English, abstract: Besides foreign direct investment (FDI) and capital market flows, workers’ remittances are another external channel for capital flows. According to the OECD, remittances to developing countries amounted to US$ 149.4 billion in the year 2002. However, whereas FDI and capital market flows are subject to variation due to recessions in home countries, remittances are steadily rising every year (OECD, 2006), reaching an amount of about UD$ 300 billion in the year 2007 (Barajas et al., 2009). To give a brief definition, remittances are money transfers from migrants working abroad to their families in their home countries. Yet, the question is, do these remittances contribute to or boost economic growth in receiving countries or are they only a means to increase the migrants’ families’ welfare by directly reducing their poverty and raising the living standard (Rao and Hassan, 2011). In other words, are remittances mostly used for consumption or do they rather flow in education, and thereby contribute to the human capital, and in investments, thus increasing the capital stock in the economy (Giuliano and Ruiz-Arranz, 2009)? From the growth theory we know that consumption does not have any impact on growth, only investments, either in production or in human capital, can affect long-run growth. Evidence from Indonesia, Ecuador, and Argentina (Sayan, 2006) shows that remittances indirectly reduce volatility of growth of output in times of crises and increase the growth rate thereby (Rao and Hassan, 2011). In contrast, Sayan (2006) found that remittances are moving procyclically with out in recipient countries, boosting incomes during booms, but reducing them even more during recessions and thus magnifying the economic crisis. This paper examines the relationship between remittances and GDP growth using in a macro panel with 67 countries and a time period of 28 years, from 1975 through 2002, as well as a cross-section analysis for comparison. The goal of this analysis is to determine whether, and to what extent, remittances have an impact on long-term economic growth and, if so, whether this relation is significant or not.