The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity and Weight Gain

The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity and Weight Gain
Author: Janet Currie
Publisher:
Total Pages: 43
Release: 2015
Genre:
ISBN:

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We investigate the health consequences of changes in the supply of fast food using the exact geographical location of fast food restaurants. Specifically, we ask how the supply of fast food affects the obesity rates of 3 million school children and the weight gain of over 3 million pregnant women. We find that among 9th grade children, a fast food restaurant within a tenth of a mile of a school is associated with at least a 5.2 percent increase in obesity rates. There is no discernable effect at .25 miles and at .5 miles. Among pregnant women, models with mother fixed effects indicate that a fast food restaurant within a half mile of her residence results in a 1.6 percent increase in the probability of gaining over 20 kilos, with a larger effect at .1 miles. The effect is significantly larger for African-American and less educated women. For both school children and mothers, the presence of non-fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with weight outcomes. Moreover, proximity to future fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with current obesity and weight gain, conditional on current proximity to fast food. The implied effects of fast-food on caloric intake are at least one order of magnitude larger for students than for mothers, consistent with smaller travel cost for adults.

The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity and Weight Gain

The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity and Weight Gain
Author: Janet Currie
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2009
Genre:
ISBN:

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We investigate the health consequences of changes in the supply of fast food using the exact geographical location of fast food restaurants. Specifically, we ask how the supply of fast food affects the obesity rates of 3 million school children and the weight gain of over 3 million pregnant women. We find that among 9th grade children, a fast food restaurant within a tenth of a mile of a school is associated with at least a 5.2 percent increase in obesity rates. There is no discernable effect at .25 miles and at .5 miles. Among pregnant women, models with mother fixed effects indicate that a fast food restaurant within a half mile of her residence results in a 1.6 percent increase in the probability of gaining over 20 kilos, with a larger effect at .1 miles. The effect is significantly larger for African-American and less educated women. For both school children and mothers, the presence of non-fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with weight outcomes. Moreover, proximity to future fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with current obesity and weight gain, conditional on current proximity to fast food. The implied effects of fast-food on caloric intake are at least one order of magnitude larger for students than for mothers, consistent with smaller travel cost for adults.

The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity

The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity
Author: Janet M. Currie
Publisher:
Total Pages: 49
Release: 2009
Genre: Fast food restaurants
ISBN:

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We investigate the health consequences of changes in the supply of fast food using the exact geographical location of fast food restaurants. Specifically, we ask how the supply of fast food affects the obesity rates of 3 million school children and the weight gain of over 1 million pregnant women. We find that among 9th grade children, a fast food restaurant within a tenth of a mile of a school is associated with at least a 5.2 percent increase in obesity rates. There is no discernable effect at .25 miles and at .5 miles. Among pregnant women, models with mother fixed effects indicate that a fast food restaurant within a half mile of her residence results in a 2.5 percent increase in the probability of gaining over 20 kilos. The effect is larger, but less precisely estimated at .1 miles. In contrast, the presence of non-fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with obesity and weight gain. Moreover, proximity to future fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with current obesity and weight gain, conditional on current proximity to fast food. The implied effects of fast-food on caloric intake are at least one order of magnitude smaller for mothers, which suggests that they are less constrained by travel costs than school children. Our results imply that policies restricting access to fast food near schools could have significant effects on obesity among school children, but similar policies restricting the availability of fast food in residential areas are unlikely to have large effects on adults.

Business Location Decisions and Employment Dynamics in California

Business Location Decisions and Employment Dynamics in California
Author: Jed David Kolko
Publisher: Public Policy Instit. of CA
Total Pages: 165
Release: 2007
Genre: Business relocation
ISBN: 1582131120

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"Much recent debate about the state's economy has focused on the narrow issue of whether California businesses are moving to other state--taking jobs with them. In this report, PPIC researchers Jed Kolko and David Neumark examine the broader patterns of employment dynamics--the ways in which jobs and businesses move into, around, and out of the state--to provide a more accurate and comprehensive understanding of the California economy."--PPIC Web site

Fast Food Genocide

Fast Food Genocide
Author: Joel Fuhrman, M.D.
Publisher: HarperCollins
Total Pages: 214
Release: 2017-10-17
Genre: Health & Fitness
ISBN: 0062571230

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From the #1 New York Times bestselling author of Eat to Live and The End of Diabetes, an unflinching, provocative exploration of how our food is killing us and the ways in which we are unwitting participants in an unprecedented and exploding health crisis. Fast food is far more than just the burgers, fries, and burritos served at chain restaurants; it is also the toxic, human-engineered products found in every grocery store across America. These include: cold breakfast cereals; commercial and preserved (deli) meats and cheeses; sandwich breads and buns; chips, pretzels, and crackers; fried foods; energy bars; and soft drinks. Fast foods have become the primary source of calories in the United States and consequently the most far-reaching and destructive influence on our population. The indisputable truth is that our highly processed diet is the source of a national health crisis that is exploding into a genocide with unseen tragic implications. Heart attacks, strokes, cancer, obesity, ADHD, autism, allergies, and autoimmune diseases all have the same root cause – our addiction to toxic ingredients. New York Times bestselling author, board-certified physician, nutritional researcher, and leading voice in the health field Joel Fuhrman, M.D., explains why the problem of poor nutrition is deeper, more serious, and more pervasive than anyone imagined. Fast Food Genocide draws on twenty-five years of clinical experience and research to confront our fundamental beliefs about the impact of what we eat. This book identifies issues at the heart of our country’s most urgent problems. Fast food kills, but it also perpetuates bigotry and derails the American dream of equal opportunity and happiness for all. It leaves behind a wake of destruction creating millions of medically dependent and sickly people burdened with poor-quality lives. The solution hiding in plain sight — a nutrientdense healthful diet — can save lives and enable humans to reach their intellectual potential and achieve successful and fulfilling lives. Dr. Fuhrman offers a life-changing, scientifically sound approach that can alter American history and perhaps save your life in the process.

Food Marketing to Children and Youth

Food Marketing to Children and Youth
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 537
Release: 2006-05-11
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309097134

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Creating an environment in which children in the United States grow up healthy should be a high priority for the nation. Yet the prevailing pattern of food and beverage marketing to children in America represents, at best, a missed opportunity, and at worst, a direct threat to the health prospects of the next generation. Children's dietary and related health patterns are shaped by the interplay of many factorsâ€"their biologic affinities, their culture and values, their economic status, their physical and social environments, and their commercial media environmentsâ€"all of which, apart from their genetic predispositions, have undergone significant transformations during the past three decades. Among these environments, none have more rapidly assumed central socializing roles among children and youth than the media. With the growth in the variety and the penetration of the media have come a parallel growth with their use for marketing, including the marketing of food and beverage products. What impact has food and beverage marketing had on the dietary patterns and health status of American children? The answer to this question has the potential to shape a generation and is the focus of Food Marketing to Children and Youth. This book will be of interest to parents, federal and state government agencies, educators and schools, health care professionals, industry companies, industry trade groups, media, and those involved in community and consumer advocacy.

How Organic, Fast Food and Obesity Affects Our Lives - Three Books Collection

How Organic, Fast Food and Obesity Affects Our Lives - Three Books Collection
Author: Matt Green
Publisher: Matt Green
Total Pages: 77
Release:
Genre: Health & Fitness
ISBN:

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This eBook on Organic Food, Fast Food and Obesity written by the author is certainly worth reading. The Author made her best efforts to tell the various differences between Organic and natural food and then he enumerates the benefits and demerits of Organic food appropriately. She has tried to motivate the readers to undertake kitchen gardening on their own. Moreover, organic food is the best way to get rid of excess weight and to eliminate diseases such as migraines, allergies, asthma, arthritis diabetes, skin ailments and malignancies too. One important aspect that the author has not forgotten is that she has also given the kids their due share as far as its suitability in nourishing their delicate growing bodies is concerned. Fast food, beyond doubt is the preferred meal for busy people who lead a hectic life. Though through the last few years, much has been spoken and written about fast food yet in this eBook, the author has suitably provided the real definition of fast food, along with the history of fast food, various benefits and demerits. The author has endeavored to furnish the readers with a list of some very good alternatives to fast food which are not at all cumbersome to prepare, are non-fussy and could be prepared within a brief time period. The author has discussed various ways to give up the yearning for fast food along with several ways to prepare fast food at home. An appropriate decision taken at a proper time serves as the foundation stone for good health. Unfortunately, the obesity is rampant globally and no age is immune to it. You are about to learn why you get fat and what to do about it. Moreover, you will discover the causes and dangers of obesity and how to eliminate them. Everybody who is concerned about his or her health should read this eBook.

Fast food. Does it contribute to childhood obesity?

Fast food. Does it contribute to childhood obesity?
Author: Christine Nyandat
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Total Pages: 7
Release: 2019-10-29
Genre: Health & Fitness
ISBN: 3346045595

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Academic Paper from the year 2019 in the subject Health - Children and adolescents, University of Phoenix, language: English, abstract: This paper analyses whether fast food contributes to childhood obesity. Obesity is a multi-factorial disorder comprising genetic, dietary, conduct, and ecological components. The expanded eating of energy-dense poor nutrient diets with high saturated fats and sugar levels joined with diminished physical activity, have prompted high corpulence rates among kids. Current statistics depict that 15% of U.S kids and averagely 33% of adults are obsessed. The results in this new study support evidence that fast-foods adds to a high intake of calories and obesity risk in kids.

Obesity Epidemiology

Obesity Epidemiology
Author: Frank Hu
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 513
Release: 2008-03-21
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0199718474

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During the past twenty years there has been a dramatic increase in obesity in the United States. An estimated thirty percent of adults in the US are obese; in 1980, only fifteen percent were. The issue is gaining greater attention with the CDC and with the public health world in general. This book will offer practical information about the methodology of epidemiologic studies of obesity, suitable for graduate students and researchers in epidemiology, and public health practitioners with an interest in the issue. The book will be structured in four main sections, with the majority of chapters authored by Dr. Hu, and some authored by specialists in specific areas. The first section will consider issues surrounding the definition of obesity, measurement techniques, and the designs of epidemiologic studies. The second section will address the consequences of obesity, looking at epidemiologic studies that focus on cardio-vascular disease, diabetes, and cancer The third section will look at determinants obesity, reviewing a wide range of risk factors for obesity including diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviors, sleep disorders, psychosocial factors, physical environment, biochemical and genetic predictors, and intrauterine exposures. In the final section, the author will discuss the analytical issues and challenges for epidemiologic studies of obesity.

The University of California San Diego Nutrition Book

The University of California San Diego Nutrition Book
Author: Paul Saltman
Publisher: Little, Brown
Total Pages: 384
Release: 1993-06-08
Genre: Health & Fitness
ISBN: 9780316769815

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This is a book for everyone who has realized that there are no quick and easy ways to lasting health. It's especially for those who are fed up with faddish diets that might take off weight temporarily but demand unreasonable sacrifices and more often than not leave the dieter depressed and far from thin. It doesn't have to be that way, according to the authors of this liberating and food-friendly guide that demystifies the science of nutrition. Not until you understand what's in food and how your body uses those nutrients can you make the best personal decisions about your diet. In this book you'll learn that the latest research proves that there are no "bad" foods and no single "right" way to eat. The good news is that you can eat your favorite foods without sacrificing sound nutrition. In clear and very readable chapters you'll learn everything you need to know about food content and the recommended daily allowances, including the facts about vitamins, microminerals, body fat, weight control, heart disease, and hypertension. All this information is tailored to your specific life stage, health concerns, and level of physical activity. "The University of California San Diego Nutrition Book" doesn't offer any "miracle" cures or secrets, but it does offer the unadulterated facts about the relationship between food and our bodies -- and that in itself is no small miracle.