The Aftermath of the 1992 ERM Breakup

The Aftermath of the 1992 ERM Breakup
Author: Robert J. Gordon
Publisher:
Total Pages: 86
Release: 1999
Genre: Economic development
ISBN:

Download The Aftermath of the 1992 ERM Breakup Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

This paper examines the macroeconomic aftermath of the 1992 breakdown of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM). The economic performance of six leaver' nations is compared with five stayer' nations that maintained a roughly fixed parity with the Deutsche Mark. Recent writing about post-1992, which I call the conventional wisdom,' reports that a surprising miracle occurred the leaver nations are alleged to have enjoyed a burst of real growth and a decline in unemployment, all without any evidence of extra inflation. The results in this paper turn the conventional wisdom on its head. While the leaver nations experienced an acceleration of nominal GDP growth relative to the stayers, fully 80 percent of this spilled over into extra inflation, leaving only 20 percent remaining for extra real GDP growth. Virtually 100 percent of the nominal exchange rate depreciation passed through into higher import prices, and extra inflation would have been even more pronounced if it were not for quiescent wage rates, which the paper attributes to high unemployment. The absence of any significant stimulus to real output growth is attributed to fiscal tightening under pressure from the Maastricht criteria, which offset nearly all of the stimulus coming from the improved current account of the leaver nations.

Currency Crises

Currency Crises
Author: Paul Krugman
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Total Pages: 367
Release: 2007-12-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0226454649

Download Currency Crises Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

There is no universally accepted definition of a currency crisis, but most would agree that they all involve one key element: investors fleeing a currency en masse out of fear that it might be devalued, in turn fueling the very devaluation they anticipated. Although such crises—the Latin American debt crisis of the 1980s, the speculations on European currencies in the early 1990s, and the ensuing Mexican, South American, and Asian crises—have played a central role in world affairs and continue to occur at an alarming rate, many questions about their causes and effects remain to be answered. In this wide-ranging volume, some of the best minds in economics focus on the historical and theoretical aspects of currency crises to investigate three fundamental issues: What drives currency crises? How should government behavior be modeled? And what are the actual consequences to the real economy? Reflecting the latest thinking on the subject, this offering from the NBER will serve as a useful basis for further debate on the theory and practice of speculative attacks, as well as a valuable resource as new crises loom.

Reforming the International Monetary and Financial System

Reforming the International Monetary and Financial System
Author: Mr.Alexander K. Swoboda
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 450
Release: 2000-12-18
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9781557758354

Download Reforming the International Monetary and Financial System Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

This volume examines the implications of greater financial integration on the international monetary and financial system, and how it should be reformed. Various experts consider the most disruptive manifestations of instability and the appropriate policy responses, including exchange rate volatility and misalignments; unstable capital flows to emerging market economies; abrupt capital flow reversals; and private sector involvement in crisis resolution. The IMF’s role in crisis prevention and resolution is also examined.

The Economic Consequences of the Euro

The Economic Consequences of the Euro
Author: Stefan Kawalec
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 199
Release: 2019-12-05
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0429624182

Download The Economic Consequences of the Euro Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

This book presents a new narrative on the eurozone crisis. It argues that the common currency has the potential to kill the European Union, and the conventional wisdom that the eurozone can be fixed by a common budget and further political integration is incorrect. The authors address key questions such as why the European Union and the single market have been successful, why the common currency poses a threat to European integration, and whether it is possible to either fix the eurozone or dissolve it while keeping the EU and the single market. Contrary to the view that it would be best if the Southern European countries left the eurozone first, the book makes the case that the optimal solution would be to start the process with the most competitive countries exiting first. The authors argue that a return to national currencies would be beneficial not only to the crisis-ridden southern countries, but also to France and Germany, which were the main promoters of the single currency. An organised unwinding of the euro area would be beneficial both for the European economy and for Europe’s main trading partners. The authors contend that to defend the euro at all costs weakens the European economy and threatens the cohesion of the European Union. If pro-European and pro-market EU leaders do not dismantle the eurozone, it will most likely be done by their anti-European and anti-market successors. If that happens, the European Union and the common market will be destroyed. This book will be a useful and engaging contribution to the existing literature in the fields of macro, monetary and international finance and economics.

Ten Crises

Ten Crises
Author: Peter Montiel
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 365
Release: 2013-12-17
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1134601042

Download Ten Crises Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Financial crises are dramatic events. When they emerge, they tend to dominate the attention of the press and become the focus of policymakers. In one form or another, they have affected the lives of millions of people throughout the world. As references to 16th century Dutch tulips, 18th South Seas merchant ventures, or 1920s Florida real estate make clear, they have been around for a long time. At their worst, such as in the cases of the Great Depression or the current Great Recession, their effects have been felt worldwide, with the number of people affected counted into the billions. They have at times changed the course of history. This book analyses ten of the most important financial crises of the last thirty years. The specific crises covered in the book are the 1982 Chilean crisis, the 1992 ERM crisis, the 1994 Mexican crisis, the 1997 Asian crisis, the 1998 Russian crisis, the 1999 Brazilian crisis, the 1999 Ecuadorian crisis, the 2000 Turkish crisis, the 2002 Argentine crisis, and the 2008 crisis in Iceland. The set includes the most important emerging-market crises of the last three decades as well as two particularly informative advanced-country crises, the ERM crisis of 1992 and the Icelandic crisis of 2008. A separate chapter is devoted to each crisis, and a brief concluding chapter sums up some of the key lessons that I believe that we can draw from these events.

The Bridge to a Global Middle Class

The Bridge to a Global Middle Class
Author: Walter Russell Mead
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 692
Release: 2003
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9781402073298

Download The Bridge to a Global Middle Class Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

The Bridge to a Global Middle Class compiles a unique series of papers originally commissioned by the Council on Foreign Relations in the wake of the financial crises of 1997-1998. This thought-provoking retrospective culls the views of economists, international financial institutions, Wall Street, organized labor and varying public-interest organizations on the issue of how to fortify our global financial infrastructure. Their effort is the culmination of an 18-month study - The Project on Development, Trade, and International Finance - that seeks to encourage the evolution of middle-class oriented economic development in emerging market countries. In addressing the world economic problems that led to the crises and examining methods to improve the workings of the world's financial markets, they offer ideas, policy recommendations, and suggest the concrete forms these might take, in the drive to transition the world economy toward strategies that offer the developing world an improved standard of living. These papers make a convincing case for middle-class-oriented economic development as the key to global prosperity and stability. U.S. and international policy-makers will find these insightful discussions valuable in forming new policy and providing the appropriate stimulus for economic development in emerging economies.

EMU One Year on

EMU One Year on
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Total Pages: 181
Release: 2000-03-29
Genre:
ISBN: 9264181202

Download EMU One Year on Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

This study assesses economic developments and policies during the inaugural year of Europe's single currency regime. It analyses the economic performance and prospects of the euro area as a whole, and highlights to what extent aggregate trends are shaped by convergence or divergence.

An Open Economy Macroeconomics Reader

An Open Economy Macroeconomics Reader
Author: Mehmet Ugur
Publisher: Psychology Press
Total Pages: 572
Release: 2002
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780415253321

Download An Open Economy Macroeconomics Reader Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

This book draws together the seminal contributions to the literature on the nature of macroeconomics in open economies and illuminates the material. This is an essential guide to the subject for students.

Empirical Post Keynesian Economics

Empirical Post Keynesian Economics
Author: Richard P. F. Holt
Publisher: M.E. Sharpe
Total Pages: 360
Release: 2007
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780765613288

Download Empirical Post Keynesian Economics Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Highlights the major empirical questions and issues facing Post Keynesian economics today. Focuses on public policy and real-life analysis of this economic theory.

Capital Flows and Crises

Capital Flows and Crises
Author: Barry J. Eichengreen
Publisher: MIT Press
Total Pages: 396
Release: 2004
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780262550598

Download Capital Flows and Crises Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

An analysis of the connections between capital flows and financial crises as well as between capital flows and economic growth.