A Closer Look at Coordination Complexes

A Closer Look at Coordination Complexes
Author: Sandeep Kaur-Ghumaan
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
Total Pages: 438
Release: 2021
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9781685071998

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"Coordination chemistry plays an important role in the designing of inorganic metal complexes, materials, organo-synthesis, biological systems and catalysis. In A Closer Look at Coordination Complexes, novel and evolving developments in the field have been described. The book includes chapters on the synthesis of coordination compounds using different ligand combinations (Schiff base ligands, phosphines, thiolates, ligands with N- and S-donors and so on), biological relevance and catalytic applications of the reported metal complexes. Different aspects of metal complexes, viz. structural and coordination properties of the ligands and complexes and applications viz., asymmetric organic transformations, potential anticancer agents, antibacterial-antioxidant-antifungal properties, alkenes epoxidation, olefins polymerization, nitrogen reduction, hydrogen evolution and oxidation and mercury poisoning treatment reviewed by the authors have been delineated in the eight chapters of the book"--

Mixed Ligand Complex of Copper (II) Containing O-N Donor Ligands

Mixed Ligand Complex of Copper (II) Containing O-N Donor Ligands
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages:
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Genre:
ISBN:

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In chemistry, a complex, also called a "coordination compound" or "metal complex", is a structure consisting of a central atom or molecule connected to surrounding atoms or molecules. Originally, a complex implied a reversible association of molecules, atoms, or ions through weak chemical bonds. As applied to coordination chemistry, this meaning has evolved. Some metal complexes are formed virtually irreversibly and many are bound together by bonds that are quite strong. Copper is a transition metal, which in the zero oxidation state has an electron configuration of [Ar]4s24p63d9. Copper is found in three different oxidation states: Cu(I), Cu(II), and Cu(III). Copper (I) atoms have 10 d electrons. Cu(I) complexes being d10 have no Jahn-Teller distortion. Cu (I) complexes are diamagnetic and typically colorless. If a Cu(I) complex is colored, the color is a result of a charge transfer band or an internal transition in a ligand. In the copper(II) oxidation state, the metal has 9 d electrons. Jahn- Teller distortion causes a splitting of eg and t2g orbitals. Most Cu(II) complexes are square planar for this reason. Usually observed in the electronic spectra of Cu(II) complexes is a single broad, poorly resolved band envelope. This envelope is typical of Cu(II) complexes in tetragonal complexes. These complexes are generally blue or green because of an absorption band in the 600-900 nm region of the spectrum. Reproducing complex biological reactivity within a simple synthetic molecule is a challenging endeavor with both intellectual and aesthetic goals. The sequence of examining biological reactivity, creating similar chemical architectures, and determining functional reaction conditions for model systems is a process that allows the biological code of reactivity to be deciphered. In the past years the report on the crystal structures of type 3 copper enzymes (e.g. catechol oxidase, hemocyanins, and tyrosinase), as too type 2 - type 3 copper enzymes (e.g. ascorbate oxida.

Coordination Chemistry

Coordination Chemistry
Author: Rajbir Singh
Publisher: Mittal Publications
Total Pages: 264
Release: 2002
Genre:
ISBN: 9788170998242

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Copper Coordination Chemistry

Copper Coordination Chemistry
Author: Kenneth D. Karlin
Publisher:
Total Pages: 518
Release: 1983
Genre: Science
ISBN:

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Stability and Applications of Coordination Compounds

Stability and Applications of Coordination Compounds
Author: Abhay Nanda Srivastva
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Total Pages: 178
Release: 2020-07-08
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1838800573

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In the current era of incessant developing needs for the betterment and ease in living style for humans, technology is seeking upgraded, well structured materials for utilization in various fields of human-wellness such as medication, energy, environment protection and cleaning, food security etc. In the same direction, chemists are doing very well at synthesizing compounds and materials from different groups of chemicals. Among them, coordination compounds also play a key role in serving humanity as these compounds have a wide range of applications in health care from antimicrobial to anticancer, bioengineering, bio-mimetic models, catalysis, photosensitized materials etc. Along with development of stable coordination compounds, their extensive structural studies are also in the main line of work for researchers. Twenty-nine authors from different countries have contributed their scientific views and work in magnifying the importance and scope of coordination compounds in the present book entitled “Stability and Applications of Coordination Compounds”. I hope that the book will achieve its target of supplementing the community of researchers and readers working in the field of coordination chemistry.

Medicinal Applications of Coordination Chemistry

Medicinal Applications of Coordination Chemistry
Author: Chris J Jones
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Total Pages: 371
Release: 2007-10-31
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1847557759

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Metals in pharmaceuticals have played an increasingly important role in medicine over the last century, particularly in cancer therapy and diagnostic imaging methods. Medicinal Applications of Coordination Chemistry focuses on the role that transition metals play in clinical applications. Medicinal Applications of Coordination Chemistry begins with a brief historical review and an introduction to the chemistry of d- and f- block metals. Subsequent sections discuss metallodrugs for a number of different applications, the design of new drugs and the relationship between structure and function. Key sections include diagnostic applications of metal compounds in anatomical and functional imaging, and therapeutic applications of metals compounds. This book is ideal for researchers in academia and industry and comes complete with examples of real life applications.

Artificial Nucleases

Artificial Nucleases
Author: Marina A. Zenkova
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 330
Release: 2004-01-07
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9783540201120

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The development of agents capable of cleaving RNA and DNA has attracted considerable attention from researchers in the last few years, because of the immediate and very important applications they can find in the emerging fields of biotechnology and pharmacology. There are essentially two classes of these agents - nucleases that occur naturally inside cells and synthetically produced artificial nucleases. The first class includes protein enzyme nucle ases and catalytic RNA structured ribozymes that perform cleavage of the phosphodiester bonds in nucleic acids according to a hydrolytic pathway in the course of different biochemical processes in the cell. A different pathway is used by some antibiotics which cleave DNA via redox-based mechanisms resulting in oxidative damage of nucleotide units and breakage of the DNA backbone. The above molecules are indispensable tools for manipulating nucleic acids and processing RNA; DNA-cleaving antibiotics and cytotoxic ribonucleases have demonstrated utility as chemotherapeutic agents. The second class, artificial nucleases, are rationally designed to imitate the active centers of natural enzymes by simple structures possessing minimal sets of the most important characteristics that are essential for catalysis. A dif ferent approach, in vitro selection, was also used to create artificial RNA and DNA enzymes capable of cleaving RNA. Being less efficient and specific as compared to the natural enzymes, the primitive mimics are smaller and robust and can function in a broad range of conditions.

Design, Synthesis, and Reactivity of Bimetallic Complexes of Dimethylplatinum(II) Containing Ditopic Ligands

Design, Synthesis, and Reactivity of Bimetallic Complexes of Dimethylplatinum(II) Containing Ditopic Ligands
Author: Matthew S. McCready
Publisher:
Total Pages: 658
Release: 2015
Genre:
ISBN:

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This thesis describes a study of monometallic and bimetallic dimethylplatinum(II) complexes containing ditopic nitrogen donor ligands. This work details the design and synthesis of side-to-side and cofacial arranged ligands and their respective coordination chemistry. The study of the synthesis, characterization and reaction mechanisms of the various dimethylplatinum(II) complexes is outlined in detail with special emphasis focused on the reactivity of the complexes towards oxidative addition. The ditopic ligand 6-dppd, 1,4-di(2-pyridyl)-5,6,7,8,9,10- hexahydrocycloocta[d]pyridazine, was observed to coordinate only a single equivalent of a platinum(II) center. The inability to coordinate a second equivalent, even through an assisted bridging atom, is presumed to be due to a steric clash between the free pyridyl group and the cyclooctyl backbone. In attempts to make heterobimetallic complexes of 6-dppd, the complex [PtMe2(6-dppd)] was observed to react preferentially with mercuric halides by oxidative addition rather than coordination of the mercuric salt in the second coordination site giving complexes [PtXMe2(HgX)(6-dppd)] where X = Br, Cl, OAc. This indicates that the platinum center is actually a better nucleophile than the free pyridyl nitrogen atom. The oxidative addition of solvent dichloromethane was also observed showing the enhancedreactivity of [PtMe2(6-dppd)]. Finally, [PtMe2(6-dppd)] was treated with DCl at low temperature to give the deuteridoplatinum(IV) complex. The deuteridoplatinum(IV) complex reductively eliminates methane in solution and extensive H/D exchange occurs into the CH4 product at low temperature indicating very easy reversibility of the exchange between hydridomethylplatinum(IV) and methaneplatinum(II) complexes. The abstraction of a chloride ligand from [PtClMe(6-dppd)] led to the formation of a complex dimer structure endo, endo-[Pt2Me2(?2-?3-6-dppd)2][OTf]2. This process allowed for the formation of a bimetallic platinum(II) complex which retained the initial stereochemistry. The protonolysis of [PtMe2(6-dppd)] with one equivalent of HOTf led to the generation of methane gas and the concomitant formation of both endo, endo-[Pt2Me2(?2-?3-6-dppd)2][OTf]2 and exo, exo-[Pt2Me2(?2-?3-6-dppd)2][OTf]2. The structures of the exo isomeric clamshell dimers appeared much less sterically hindered in the solid state and were observed experimentally and computationally to be the thermodynamically preferred isomers. The mechanism, selectivity and reversibility of this isomerism process was explored in detail. The reactions of [PtMe2(6-dppd)] with alkyl bromides RCH2Br, which possess hydrogen bonding functionality, result in the formation of stable organoplatinum(IV) complexes capable of forming supramolecular structure via hydrogen bonding. Both intra and inter molecular hydrogen bonding is observed in the formation of supramolecular architectures which self-assemble in the solid state through additional?-stacking and weak secondary interactions. The new anthracene derived ditopic ligands, bpad = N1,N8-bis(pyridin-2- ylmethylene)anthracene-1,8-diamine and adpa = (N, N)-4,4'-(anthracene-1,8-diylbis(ethyne- 2,1-diyl))-bis(N-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)aniline) were prepared, characterized and used to coordinate dimethylplatinum(II) centers giving cofacial bimetallic complexes of dimethylplatinum(II). [Pt2Me4(bpad)] was shown to degrade over time in solution through a proposed metalation event involving the anthracene backbone. The oxidative addition of a variety of substrates was performed using [Pt2Me4(adpa)] giving stable diplatinum(IV) complexes as characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The new xanthene derived ditopic ligands, ppxda = 2,7-di-tert-butyl-9,9-dimethyl-N4,N5-bis(4-(pyridin-2- ylmethyleneamino)phenyl)-xanthene-4,5-dicarboxamide and pmxda = 2,7-di-tert-butyl-9,9- dimethyl-bis(pyridine-2-ylmethylene)-9H-xanthene-4,5-diamine were prepared characterized and used to ligate two equivalents of a dimethylplatinum(II) center. Diplatinum complexes of both ligands were shown to easily undergo oxidative addition to give the corresponding diplatinum(IV) complexes which adopt the anti orientation. The syn alignment of metal centers was accessible through the abstraction of halides ligands and incorporation of bridging groups as is the case for the pyrazine bridged bimetallic platinum complex [Pt2Me6(C4H4N2)(pmxda)][OSO2CF3]2.