Statistical Models for the Fracture of Disordered Media

Statistical Models for the Fracture of Disordered Media
Author: H.J. Herrmann
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 368
Release: 2014-06-28
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1483296121

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Since the beginning of the century the technological desire to master the fracture of metals, concrete or polymers has boosted research and has left behind an overwhelming amount of literature. In a field where it seems difficult to say anything simple and new, the editors and authors of this book have managed to do just that.The approach to fracture taken here was not conceived by mechanical engineers or material scientists. It is essentially the by-product of exciting developments that have occurred in the last ten to fifteen years within a branch of theoretical physics, called statistical physics. Concepts such as ``percolation'' and ``fractals'', as models for the properties of fracture are not often considered by engineers. A particular aim of this volume is to emphasize the fundamental role disorder plays in the breaking process.The main scope of the volume is pedagogical and is at the same time an overview of fracture mechanics for physicists and an introduction to new concepts of statistical physics for mechanics and engineers. To this end the first half of the book consists of introductory chapters and the second half contains the results that have emerged from this new approach.

Fractal Growth Phenomena

Fractal Growth Phenomena
Author: Tam s Vicsek
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 542
Release: 1992
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 9789810206680

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The investigation of phenomena involving fractals has gone through a spectacular development in the last decade. Many physical, technological and biological processes have been shown to be related to and described by objects with non-integer dimensions. The physics of far-from-equilibrium growth phenomena represents one of the most important fields in which fractal geometry is widely applied. During the last couple of years considerable experimental, numerical and theoretical information has accumulated concerning such processes. This book, written by a well-known expert in the field, summarizes the basic concepts born in the studies of fractal growth and also presents some of the most important new results for more specialized readers. It also contains 15 beautiful color plates demonstrating the richness of the geometry of fractal patterns. Accordingly, it may serve as a textbook on the geometrical aspects of fractal growth and it treats this area in sufficient depth to make it useful as a reference book. No specific mathematical knowledge is required for reading this book which is intended to give a balanced account of the field.

Damage Mechanics

Damage Mechanics
Author: D. Krajcinovic
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 773
Release: 1996-04-22
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0080530249

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This book provides the first truly comprehensive study of damage mechanics. All concepts are carefully identified and defined in micro- and macroscopic scales. In terms of the methods and observation scales, the main part of the book is divided into three chapters. These chapters consider the stochastic models applied to atomistic scale, micromechanical models (for arbitary concentrations of defects) on microscopic scale and continuum models on the macroscopic scale. It is intended for people who are doing or planning to do research in the mechanics and material science aspects of brittle deformation of solids with heterogeneous microstructure.

Fragmentation Phenomena - Proceedings Of The Workshop

Fragmentation Phenomena - Proceedings Of The Workshop
Author: D Beysens
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 342
Release: 1995-07-26
Genre:
ISBN: 9814566853

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This is a collection of papers on Fragmentation Phenomena. It includes reviews and reports on the latest developments in fragmentation of soft matter and materials (polymers, colloids, cells, droplets and rocks), fragmentation of microscopic objects (atomic clusters and nuclei), general topics and theoretical approaches. The book addresses students and young scientists as well as researchers in theoretical and experimental aspects of fragmentation phenomena.

Scaling of Structural Strength

Scaling of Structural Strength
Author: Z. P. Bažant
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 302
Release: 2002
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9781560329848

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Questions of size effect and scaling on the integrity of structures have been around since at least the time of Leonardo da Vinci. Bazant (civil engineering and materials science, Northwestern U.) sketches the history of size effect studies before exploring size effect on fracture and crack mechanics in a number of materials. He explores applications of the known size effect law for the measurement of material fracture properties and the modeling of the size effect by the cohesive crack model, nonlocal finite element models, and discrete element models. Applications to quasibrittle materials, including concrete, fiber composites, sea ice, rocks, and ceramics are presented. The role of size effect in some famous structural catastrophes is then examined. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.

Critical Phenomena in Natural Sciences

Critical Phenomena in Natural Sciences
Author: Didier Sornette
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 445
Release: 2013-04-17
Genre: Science
ISBN: 366204174X

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A modern up-to-date introduction for readers outside statistical physics. It puts emphasis on a clear understanding of concepts and methods and provides the tools that can be of immediate use in applications.

Applications Of Percolation Theory

Applications Of Percolation Theory
Author: M Sahini
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 289
Release: 2003-07-13
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 0203221532

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Over the past two decades percolation theory has been used to explain and model a wide variety of phenomena that are of industrial and scientific importance. Examples include characterization of porous materials and reservoir rocks, fracture patterns and earthquakes in rocks, calculation of effective transport properties of porous media permeability, conductivity, diffusivity, etc., groundwater flow, polymerization and gelation, biological evolution, galactic formation in the universe, spread of knowledge, and many others. Most of such applications have resulted in qualitative as well as quantitative predictions for the system of interest. This book attempts to describe in simple terms some of these applications, outline the results obtained so far, and provide further references for future reading.

Nonequilibrium Phenomena in Plasmas

Nonequilibrium Phenomena in Plasmas
Author: A. Surjalal Sharma
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 346
Release: 2006-05-24
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1402031092

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This book presents studies of complexity in the context of nonequilibrium phenomena using theory, modeling, simulations, and experiments, both in the laboratory and in nature.

Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena

Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 337
Release: 2000-09-15
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0080538754

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The field of phase transitions and critical phenomena continues to be active in research, producing a steady stream of interesting and fruitful results. No longer an area of specialist interest, it has acquired a central focus in condensed matter studies. The major aim of this serial is to provide review articles that can serve as standard references for research workers in the field, and for graduate students and others wishing to obtain reliable information on important recent developments.The two review articles in this volume complement each other in a remarkable way. Both deal with what might be called the modern geometricapproach to the properties of macroscopic systems. The first article by Georgii (et al.) describes how recent advances in the application ofgeometric ideas leads to a better understanding of pure phases and phase transitions in equilibrium systems. The second article by Alava (et al.)deals with geometrical aspects of multi-body systems in a hands-on way, going beyond abstract theory to obtain practical answers. Thecombination of computers and geometrical ideas described in this volume will doubtless play a major role in the development of statisticalmechanics in the twenty-first century.

Multi-Scale Modelling of Composite Material Systems

Multi-Scale Modelling of Composite Material Systems
Author: C Soutis
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 525
Release: 2005-08-29
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1845690842

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One of the most important and exciting areas of composites research is the development of modelling techniques to predict the response of composite materials to different types of stress. Predictive modelling provides the opportunity both to understand better how composites behave in different conditions and to develop materials with enhanced performance for particular industrial applications. Multi-scale modelling of composite material systems summarises the key research in this area and its implications for industry.The book covers modelling approaches ranging from the micron to the metre in scale, and from the single fibre to complete composite structures. Individual chapters discuss a variety of material types from laminates and fibre-reinforced composites to monolithic and sandwich composites. They also analyse a range of types of stress and stress response from fracture and impact to wear and fatigue. Authors also discuss the strengths and weaknesses of particular models.With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Multi-scale modelling of composite material systems is a standard reference for both academics and manufacturers in such areas as aerospace, automotive and civil engineering. Extensive coverage of this important and exciting area of composites research Understand how composites behave in different circumstances Compiled by an expert panel of authors and editors