BackgroundInformation on the molecular events occurring during early peri-implant wound healing, that is, during dynamic tissue conditions is scarce.Inflammatory perimplant wound healing express in regulatory cytokines may contribute to early events such as marginal bone remodeling. Different biomaterials are known to evoke different tissue reactionsI.Zirconia. titanium and acrylic are materials regularly used in implant dentistry but little is know about the quantification of cytokines expression that each one has.Aim/HypothesisWhen placing titanium dental implants, does the abutment material (titanium (T) compared to zirconia (Z) and(A) acrylic) have the same inflammatory/cytokine response to perimplant tissues, measured in IL1b and IL6 concentrations at different time frames ?Materials and methodsEight adult male sheep, receive 6 mandibular titanium, platform-switch implants (Biomet-Zimmeru00ae 4.1/3.5x8,5 mm height), three on each side, placed in the diastema, between incisors and premolars.Peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) was analyzed for cytokines expression.At the time of surgery each implant was randomly assigned, a two-piece healing abutment made from milled T, milled Z or milled A.PICF samples were take, at the day of surgery (1 hour after surgery was finished - baseline- BL), at 1 month (T1) and at three month (T3) with adsorbent paper (Periopaperu00ae).Samples were placed in eppendorf tubes, transported in dry ice and stored at -80.Interleukins (IL) 1b (IL1b) and 6 (IL6) were measured from validated ELISA kits (Raybiotechu00ae)Calibration Curve for IL6 and IL1b and spectrophotometry at 450 nm readings were made. We randomly duplicate and triplicate each sample for accuracyFor control group we measure the amount of IL1b and IL6 from periodontal crevicular fluid (PCF) sulcus of adjacent teeth (at BL and T3), and the amount of IL from blood samples immediately taken after first incision at BL. p values0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsFor IL6 at BL (p=0,597), T1 (p=0,497 ) and T3 (p=0,481), and forIL1b at BL (p=0,857), T1 (p=0, 357) and T3 (p=0,237) there were no statistically differences between T, Z and A, regarding changes in IL expression (p values0.05).For each material there were no statistical differences (Mann-Whitney) between BL and T3 for IL6, T (p=1,000); Z (p=0,857); A (p=0,095) andfor IL1b, T (p=1,000); Z (p=0,905); A (p=0,286) respectively (p values>0.05)There were no statistical differences between (PCF) and (PICF), at baseline (p=0.688) and at day 3 (p=1.000) for IL6 (p values>0.05)There were no statistical differences between (PCF) and (PICF), at baseline (T p=0.688, Zp=0.688,A p=1.000) and at day 3 (Tp=1.000, Zp=1.000,A p=0,125) for IL1b (p values>0.05)For T, Z and A there was significantly less expression of IL6 (p=0.0310.05) in PICF, at BL (1hour after), than the IL present in blood, at the time of incision.For IL1B there was significantly less expression for Z (p=0.0310.05) in PICF at BL (1 hour after), than IL present in blood, but not for A (p=0,3750,05) or T (p=0,2190,05)Conclusion and clinical implicationsRegarding expression of IL6 and IL1b from Bl to T3, T, Z and A have a similar behavior throw time, expressing the same amount of IL, than PIC of adjacent teeth, at similar time frame.For IL6 at BL, T, Z and A express less amount of IL, than the same IL present in blood.Z abutment have a significant inferior IL1b and IL6 expression than the IL present in the blood at BL. The inferior reaction triggered by Z abutments (measured in osteoclastic inducer IL1B) but not by A or T, may be the key to understand, if different materials have different marginal bone remodeling patterns in the first days of healing.